Background: Non-invasive screening for type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains a significant clinical challenge. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of using wavelet texture features from ultrasound images to identify patients with T2D. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 292 patients with T2D and 292 matched healthy controls who underwent lower limb ultrasound (June 2023 - July 2025). Controls were selected from routine health screenings, excluding those with medical conditions. Ultrasound images of the gastrocnemius muscle were collected and the wavelet texture features were extracted. Radiomics models for T2D identification were developed and tested using 5-fold cross-validation with multiple machine learning algorithms. Feature selection and model construction are conducted independently within each fold. The models' final performance was derived from the aggregated results across all folds to ensure generalizability. Results: Our cohort consisted of 392 males and 192 females. Analysis of ultrasound images yielded 833 texture features. The selected features in each fold were utilized to construct classification models. Most models demonstrated fair to good performance for T2D detection, with Logistic Regression (AUC 0.76 f 0.06, sensitivity/specificity 0.68 f 0.08 / 0.70 f 0.06) and Extremely Randomized Trees (AUC 0.76 f 0.06, sensitivity/ specificity 0.67 f 0.06 / 0.70 f 0.07) excelling in the test set. Among the features utilized in the development of the LR and ET models, wavelet-HHH GLCM correlation demonstrated a high ranking in both. Conclusions: Machine learning classifiers utilizing wavelet-based textural features extracted from gastrocnemius muscle ultrasound images offer a promising non-invasive screening method for T2D.

OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND:The RNPLS-01 trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ramucirumab (a VEGFR2 antagonist) combined with nab-paclitaxel, lobaplatin, and S-1 (RNPLS group) versus nab-paclitaxel, lobaplatin, and S-1 alone (NPLS group) in neoadjuvant therapy for advanced gastric cancer (GC), as part of the RNPLS-01 prospective randomized controlled trial. METHODS AND ANALYSIS:RNPLS-01 trial enrolled 140 patients with advanced GC across two cohorts (neoadjuvant therapy: n = 70; conversion therapy: n = 70). This report focuses on the neoadjuvant cohort where patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either RNPLS (n = 35) or NPLS (n = 35). Primary endpoint was pathological complete response (pCR). Secondary endpoints included R0 resection rate, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS:The RNPLS group demonstrated significant improvements in post-operative T stage ( P = 0.008), N stage ( P = 0.001), and AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) clinical stage ( P = 0.003) compared to controls. The RNPLS group demonstrated significantly higher pCR rates compared to the NPLS group (22.9% vs. 2.9%, P <0.0001). The R0 resection rate was 85.7% in the RNPLS group versus 82.9% in the NPLS group. The RNPLS group achieved a significantly higher ORR compared to the NPLS group (68.6% vs. 25.7%, P = 0.001), while DCRs were comparable between the two groups (94.3% vs. 77.1%, P = 0.055). Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were confined to Grade 1-2 severity, with no Grade 3-4 events reported in either group. The RNPLS group showed a TRAE incidence of 80.0%, versus 88.6% in the NPLS group ( P = 0.324). Neither group exhibited surgical complications during the study period. CONCLUSION:Ramucirumab combined with nab-paclitaxel, lobaplatin, and S-1 significantly enhances the pCR rate and ORR in neoadjuvant therapy of locally advanced GC patients, while maintaining an acceptable safety profile.

Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors represent an effective therapeutic approach for advanced gastric cancer. Their efficacy largely depends on the status of tumor biomarkers including human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; combined positive score ≥1), and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H). To noninvasively evaluate these biomarkers, researchers have developed radiomic models for individual biomarker prediction. However, in clinical practice, holistic prediction of these biomarkers as an integrated system is more efficient. Currently, the feasibility of implementing radiomics-based comprehensive biomarker prediction remains unclear, requiring further investigation. Objective:This study aimed to develop a radiomics-based predictive model using multiphase computed tomography (CT) images to holistically evaluate HER2, PD-L1, and MSI-H status in patients with gastric cancer. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 461 patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy between 2019 and 2022. Clinical data, contrast-enhanced CT images (arterial phase [AP] and portal venous phase [PP]), and pathological results were collected. Patients were categorized into two groups: (1) the programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitor panel-positive group, comprising patients with HER2 overexpression, PD-L1 positive, or MSI-H status; and (2) the negative group, comprising patients without HER2 amplification, PD-L1 negative, or microsatellite instability-low or microsatellite stable condition. Radiomic features (including first-order statistics, shape features, and wavelet-derived textures) were extracted from both AP and PP images, yielding 1834 features per phase. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was applied to select key features. In total, 3 models were constructed using the Extreme Gradient Boosting algorithm: AP-only (8 features), PP-only (22 features), and a fused model combining AP and PP features (20 features: 6 AP and 14 PP features). Model performance was evaluated using area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and decision curve analysis. Results:Of the 461 patients, 147 patients (31.9%) were classified into the panel-positive group. The clinical features were similar between the 2 groups. The fused model demonstrated superior performance in the test set (AUC 0.82, 95% CI 0.68-0.95), significantly outperforming AP-only (AUC 0.61, 95% CI 0.47-0.74) and PP-only models (AUC 0.70, 95% CI 0.49-0.91). Sensitivity and specificity for the AP-only, PP-only, and the fused model were 0.33 and 0.85; 0.50 and 0.86; and 0.60 and 0.83, respectively. Decision curve analysis confirmed that the fused model provided higher clinical net benefit across threshold probabilities. Conclusions:The construction of integrated biomarker prediction models through radiomics demonstrates technical feasibility, offering a promising methodology for comprehensive tumor characterization.

Background:Distant metastasis remains a major reason for the high recurrence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving metastasis in CRC remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of lipocalin-2 (LCN2) on CRC metastasis. Methods:We assessed the expression and clinical significance of LCN2 in human CRC specimens and CRC cell lines using, immunohistochemistry, and western blot analyses. We evaluated the migratory and invasive capabilities of CRC cells influenced by LCN2 using in vitro transwell assays and in vivo lung metastatic models. RNA sequencing and proteome analysis were employed to identify potential downstream targets of LCN2. Rescue experiments were conducted to further elucidate the potential mechanisms of LCN2 and its downstream effectors in CRC. Results:LCN2 exhibited high expression levels in human CRC tissues and an inverse correlation with N classification, advanced AJCC stages, and shorter overall survival. LCN2 expression independently predicted a more favorable outcome for CRC patients. Upregulation of LCN2 effectively suppressed CRC cell metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) were identified as downstream effectors of LCN2, with LCN2 inhibiting CRC metastasis through repression of the TGFB1/CXCL5 axis. Furthermore, either TGF-βR1 inhibitor SB431542 or CXCR2 antagonist SB225002 treatment moderately decreased the migratory and invasive capabilities of DLD-1-LV-shLCN2 cells, whereas the combination treatment of the two agents dramatically decreased the migratory and invasive capabilities of DLD-1-LV-shLCN2 cells. Conclusions:This study underscores LCN2 as an independent protective factor and prognostic biomarker for CRC patients. Combined treatment with the SB431542 and the SB225002 significantly attenuated LCN2-related CRC metastasis. Targeting the LCN2/TGFB1/CXCL5 axis emerges as a promising therapeutic strategy for managing LCN2-related metastatic CRC.

BACKGROUND:Chronic constipation (CC) is a prevalent clinical complaint with a subset of patients showing ineffective responses to conventional treatment. Considering the association between CC and psychological disorders, we investigated the correlation between anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms with refractory constipation. METHOD:This retrospective study included 610 patients. The clinical characteristics, including somatic symptom (PHQ-15), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), quality of life (PAC-QOL), constipation (KESS), demographic variables, anatomical abnormalities, and symptoms were investigated. Then we analyzed the general characteristics, compared the distribution of anxiety, depression, and somatic symptom, compared the clinical parameters of refractory and non-refractory constipation groups, conducted subgroup analysis, correlation analysis, and logistic regression to determine the independent related factors of somatic symptom. RESULTS:Demographic analysis identified that 36.0% of patients were refractory constipation (p < 0.001), and no significant differences in psychological disorders' distribution across CC subtypes. Subgroup analysis affirmed consistent findings across diverse categories. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between psychological disorders and both KESS and PAC-QOL scores within both treatment groups (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis highlighted mild and severe GAD-7, severe PHQ-9, and PHQ-15 as independent risk factors for refractory constipation. The constructed model demonstrated a significant predictive value with an AUC of 0.81. CONCLUSION:This study identified anxiety, depression, and somatic symptom as independent risk factors for refractory constipation and underscored the strong association of psychological disorders with symptoms and distress irrespective of treatment outcomes. The integration of mental disorder assessment and consideration within therapeutic strategies might promote more targeted and effective interventions for CC patients.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors represent an effective therapeutic approach for advanced gastric cancer. Their efficacy largely depends on the status of tumor biomarkers including human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; combined positive score ≥1), and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H). To noninvasively evaluate these biomarkers, researchers have developed radiomic models for individual biomarker prediction. However, in clinical practice, holistic prediction of these biomarkers as an integrated system is more efficient. Currently, the feasibility of implementing radiomics-based comprehensive biomarker prediction remains unclear, requiring further investigation. This study aimed to develop a radiomics-based predictive model using multiphase computed tomography (CT) images to holistically evaluate HER2, PD-L1, and MSI-H status in patients with gastric cancer. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 461 patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy between 2019 and 2022. Clinical data, contrast-enhanced CT images (arterial phase [AP] and portal venous phase [PP]), and pathological results were collected. Patients were categorized into two groups: (1) the programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitor panel-positive group, comprising patients with HER2 overexpression, PD-L1 positive, or MSI-H status; and (2) the negative group, comprising patients without HER2 amplification, PD-L1 negative, or microsatellite instability-low or microsatellite stable condition. Radiomic features (including first-order statistics, shape features, and wavelet-derived textures) were extracted from both AP and PP images, yielding 1834 features per phase. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was applied to select key features. In total, 3 models were constructed using the Extreme Gradient Boosting algorithm: AP-only (8 features), PP-only (22 features), and a fused model combining AP and PP features (20 features: 6 AP and 14 PP features). Model performance was evaluated using area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and decision curve analysis. Of the 461 patients, 147 patients (31.9%) were classified into the panel-positive group. The clinical features were similar between the 2 groups. The fused model demonstrated superior performance in the test set (AUC 0.82, 95% CI 0.68-0.95), significantly outperforming AP-only (AUC 0.61, 95% CI 0.47-0.74) and PP-only models (AUC 0.70, 95% CI 0.49-0.91). Sensitivity and specificity for the AP-only, PP-only, and the fused model were 0.33 and 0.85; 0.50 and 0.86; and 0.60 and 0.83, respectively. Decision curve analysis confirmed that the fused model provided higher clinical net benefit across threshold probabilities. The construction of integrated biomarker prediction models through radiomics demonstrates technical feasibility, offering a promising methodology for comprehensive tumor characterization.

Background The symptoms of functional constipation (FC) were obviously affected by mental symptoms, which was consistent with somatic symptoms. However, the characteristics of FC patients with somatic symptom remains unexplored. Methods Clinical characteristics including somatic symptom (SOM, PHQ-15), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), quality of life (PAC-QOL), constipation (KESS), demographic variables, anatomical abnormalities and symptoms were investigated. Subsequent analyses encompassed the comparison of clinical parameters between patients with SOM + group (PHQ-15 ≥ 10) and SOM- group (PHQ-15 < 10), subgroup analysis, correlation analysis, and logistic regression. Lastly, we evaluated the somatic symptom severity (SSS) among FC patients subjected to various stressors. Results Notable disparities were observed between SOM + and SOM- groups in variety of physiological and psychological variables, including gender, stressful events, sleep disorders, reduced interest, GAD-7, PHQ-15, PHQ-9, PAC-QOL, anterior rectocele, KESS, and internal anal sphincter achalasia (IASA) ( P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis affirmed consistent findings across mental symptoms. Correlation analyses revealed significant associations between SSS and KESS, anterior rectocele, GAD-7, PHQ-9, and PAC-QOL ( P < 0.05). Logistic regression identified PHQ-9 (OR = 7.02, CI: 2.06–27.7, P = 0.003), GAD-7 (OR = 7.18, CI: 2.00–30.7, P = 0.004), and KESS (OR = 16.8, CI: 3.09–113, P = 0.002) as independent predictors of SSS. Elevated SSS scores were significantly associated with couple, parental, and work-related stressors ( P < 0.05). Conclusion A marked heterogeneity was observed between SOM + and SOM- patients of FC, with SOM + accompanied by more severe constipation, anxiety and depression symptoms. This finding underscores the importance of considering somatic symptoms in diagnosis and treatment of FC.

Background Postoperative fever frequently indicates surgical complications and is commonly used to evaluate the efficacy of interventions against surgical stress. However, the presence of circadian rhythms in body temperature may compromise the accurate detection of fever. Objective This study aimed to investigate the detection rate of fever under intermittent measurement. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of patients who underwent nonemergency gastrointestinal surgery between November 2020 and April 2021. Patients’ temperature data were continuously collected every 4 seconds using a wireless axillary thermometer, and fever was defined as a temperature exceeding 38 °C within a day. To simulate intermittent measurement in clinical practice, the body temperature at each hour was selected from the continuously collected temperature dataset. Considering that temperatures are measured multiple times per day, all possible measurement plans using intermittent measurement were composed by combining 1-24 time points from the 24-hour daily cycle. Fever was clinically diagnosed based on the temperature readings at the selected time points per day. The fever detection rates for each plan, with varying measurement times, were listed and ranked. Results Based on the temperature data continuously collected by the thermometer, fever occurred in 60 (40.8%) of the 147 included patients within 3 days after surgery. Of the measurement plans that included 1-24 measurements daily, the fever detection rates ranged from 3.3% (2/60) to 85% (51/60). The highest detection rates and corresponding timings for measurement plans with 1, 2, 3, and 4 measurements daily were 38.3% (23/60; at 8 PM), 56.7% (34/60; at 3 AM and 7 or 8 PM), 65% (39/60; at 3 AM, 8 PM, and 10 or 11 PM), and 70% (42/60; at 12 AM, 3 AM, 8 PM, and 11 PM), respectively; and the lowest detection rates were 3.3% (2/60), 6.7% (4/60), 6.7% (4/60), and 8.3% (5/60), respectively. Although fever within 3 days after surgery was not correlated with an increased incidence of postoperative complications (5/60, 8.3% vs 6/87, 6.9%; P=.76), it was correlated with a longer hospital stay (median 7, IQR 6-9 days vs median 6, IQR 5-7 days; P<.001). Conclusions The fever detection rate of the intermittent approach is determined by the timing and frequency of measurement. Measuring at randomly selected time points can miss many fever events after gastrointestinal surgery. However, we can improve the fever detection rate by optimizing the timing and frequency of measurement.

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system; however, its etiology remains unclear. Clarifying its pathogenesis is essential to improve the prognosis of patients with HCC. Studies have shown that the 3-methylcytidine (m3C) methylation regulator is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors and has an excellent potential prognostic value. In the present study, 486 patients with HCC were collected from TCGA and GEO databases, and 16 patients with HCC and adjacent tissues in our hospital were collected. The expression level, mutation of six m3C regulators, and their relationship with the prognosis of patients were comprehensively analyzed, and an m3C scoring system was simultaneously constructed for quantifying m3C modifications. The expression of m3C regulators in HCC was generally different, and most were related to patient prognosis. We further determined two different m3C modification modes in HCC samples. We found differences in clinical characteristics and total survival times between different modification classifications, which further proved that patients with higher m3C scores had longer survival times and better clinical characteristics. This study explored the genetic variation and prognostic value of m3C methylation regulators in HCC and designed a scoring system to predict the prognosis of HCC, providing help for the treatment and prognosis of HCC patients.

Radiation-induced intestinal injury is a radiation injury of the colon and rectum after radiotherapy for pelvic malignant tumors. This condition affects multiple organs in the pelvis, making treatment challenging. In clinical practice, the most effective protocol is often determined through discussion by a multi-disciplinary team (MDT). However, due to the severity and complexity of radiation enteritis, many patients still experience poor diagnosis and treatment outcomes. Holistic integrative management (HIM) is a rapidly developing concept that has greatly enhanced clinical medicine in recent years. It improves the level of diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation from multiple dimensions of prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. In the context of radiation-induced intestinal injury, HIM also calls for the implementation of an individualized management system that focuses on the patient as a whole within the healthcare team. From the perspective of HIM, this article introduces some of the latest progress of radiation-induced intestinal injury in recent years.

Introduction Rectal cancer is one of the top 10 cancers worldwide. Up to 80% of patients with rectal tumours have had sphincter-saving surgery, mainly due to the large expectation of anal preservation. However, patients tend to experience low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) after rectal resection, which is disordered bowel function that includes faecal incontinence, urgency, frequent defecation, constipation and evacuation difficulties. LARS, with an estimated prevalence of 41%, has been reported to substantially decrease the quality of life of patients. However, no comprehensive preventive strategies are currently available for LARS. This systematic review aims to synthesise evidence on the current LARS preventive strategies.Methods and analysis This protocol is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) checklist. Literature in PubMed (via Medline), Embase and the Cochrane Library from inception to July 2023 will be searched to identify articles relevant to preventive effectiveness against LARS. The Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool for randomised controlled trials and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for clinical controlled trials, cohort studies and case–control studies will be used to assess the risk of bias. We will group the included studies by the type of LARS prevention strategy and present an overview of the main findings in the form of evidence mapping. A meta-analysis is planned if there is no substantial clinical heterogeneity between the included studies. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) will be used to evaluate the quality of the evidence.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not needed for systematic review of published data. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated at scientific conferences.PROSPERO registration number CRD42023402886.

In recent years, the use of high-throughput sequencing technology in gastric cancer (GC) tissue detection and biological function verification found that the types of circular RNAs (circRNAs) closely related to the mechanism of GC have been increasing. Circular RNAs have been confirmed to have various functions such as regulating GC-related genes, acting as gene transcription proteins, and regulating gene expression as molecular sponges of microRNAs (miRNAs). Therefore, circRNAs are undoubtedly involved in regulating the occurrence and development of GC cells, escape, migration and invasion. The structural specificity and biological stability of circRNA make it a potential biomarker for tumor diagnosis. This article summarizes the generation, properties, and molecular biological functions of circRNAs, and discusses the potential roles of circRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of GC.

胃癌是全球最常见和最致命的癌症之一.虽然手术、放化疗和免疫治疗的组合提高了胃癌患者的生存率,但大多数患者仍然会出现复发和转移,从而导致预后不良.目前胃癌血液生物标志物的敏感性和特异性不足以确定诊断和预后,因此应进一步探索和验证液体活检,以便在胃癌患者的临床中应用.区别于组织活检,液体活检分析对象包括血液、脑脊液、唾液、尿液等,具有迅速、便捷、无创等优势,本文重点介绍循环肿瘤细胞、循环肿瘤DNA和外泌体的临床应用,并探讨了其在胃癌患者临床需求方面的应用前景.

报道1例国内外少见的多发胃肠瘘患者的救治经过。患者因腹部手术后出现13处胃肠瘘，导致腹腔感染伴短肠，通过腹腔开放来控制感染，利用“双口”建立肠内营养，经过10个月余的康复后实施消化道重建手术。患者术后恢复正常生活。该病例的成功救治有以下经验：遵从创伤控制原则，避免在全身炎性反应状态下行肠道一期吻合；腹腔开放是控制腹腔感染的有效方法；“双口”营养促进患者康复；腹腔开放后的创面管理需要简洁方便。.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the common malignant tumors of digestive tract. The morbidity and mortality of CRC are on the rise in China, which poses a great threat to the health of Chinese people. Ferroptosis is a novel cell death pattern that accumulates in iron-dependent lipid peroxides and is widely present in various types of tumor cells. Ferroptosis-related genes have shown great potential in predicting the prognosis of CRC patients. What is more, the resistance of CRC to first-line anticancer drugs is gradually increasing, and accumulating evidence shows that ferroptosis is closely related to the resistance of first-line cancer drugs. This article will review the research progress of ferroptosis in the field of CRC in recent years, so as to provide a new perspective for improving cancer drug resistance of CRC and related drug development.

Diffuse-type gastric cancer (DGC) and intestinal-type gastric cancer (IGC) are the major histological types of gastric cancer (GC). The molecular mechanism underlying DGC and IGC differences are poorly understood. In this research, we carry out multilevel proteomic analyses, including proteome, phospho-proteome, and transcription factor (TF) activity profiles, of 196 cases covering DGC and IGC in Chinese patients. Integrative proteogenomic analysis reveals ARIDIA mutation associated with opposite prognostic effects between DGC and IGC, via diverse influences on their corresponding proteomes. Systematical comparison and consensus clustering analysis identify three subtypes of DGC and IGC, respectively, based on distinct patterns of the cell cycle, extracellular matrix organization, and immune response-related proteins expression. TF activity-based subtypes demonstrate that the disease progressions of DGC and IGC were regulated by SWI/SNF and NFKB complexes. Furthermore, inferred immune cell infiltration and immune clustering show Th1/Th2 ratio is an indicator for immunotherapeutic effectiveness, which is validated in an independent GC anti-PD1 therapeutic patient group. Our multilevel proteomic analyses enable a more comprehensive understanding of GC and can further advance the precision medicine.

INTRODUCTION Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal disorder that causes diverse esophageal and extraesophageal symptoms. Many clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been issued around the world to provide practical evidence regarding GERD management. However, some of the recommendations discussed in various CPGs are inconsistent across individual documents. OBJECTIVES We aimed to summarize the evidence from CPGs on GERD and assess the consistency of the recommendations. METHODS In this scoping review, we identified current CPGs on the clinical management of GERD, which were comprehensively searched for in electronic databases and on relevant scientific websites. The recommendations were extracted using the population-intervention -comparison framework and were subsequently categorized into tables. RESULTS Ultimately, 24 CPGs were identified. They included 86 recommendations, which were classified into 5 categories: definition, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and complications. Among the identified recommendations, 68 were proposed in at least 2 CPGs, and they were assessed for the consistency of direction and strength. Overall, 32.4% of the recommendations (22/68) were consistent in direction and strength, whereas 60.3% (41/68) were consistent in direction but inconsistent in strength. Moreover, 7.4% (5/68) were inconsistent in direction. These referred to the relationship between GERD and tobacco consumption, Helicobacter pylori infection, diagnostic utility of the 2-week proton pump inhibitor test, cessation of special food, and antireflux surgery for GERD with extraesophageal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Most CPG recommendations regarding GERD were consistent in direction, except for 5 discrepancies, for which further well-designed, large-scale research is required to explain the inconsistency.

Pyroptosis, a lytic pro-inflammatory type of programmed cell death, has been characterized by its dependence on caspase-1 and the release of a large number of pro-inflammatory factors. Emerging evidence has revealed a complicated relationship between pyroptosis and the occurrence, development and metastasis of cancer. On the one hand, as inflammatory cell death, pyroptosis provides a comfortable environment for tumor proliferation. In this review, we summarized the latest progress about the molecular mechanism of pyroptosis. Then, the role of pyroptosis in the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of colorectal cancer were highlighted. In brief, inducing pyroptosis in cancer cells is a promising strategy for cancer therapy.

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)对人类健康造成了巨大威胁.大约25％的NAFLD患者发展为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH),对我国造成了十分严重的卫生经济负担.研究人员致力于研究NASH发病的潜在分子机制,提出新的治疗方法.近期研究表明,炎症小体和gasdenmin-D(GSDMD)介导的炎症性程序性细胞死亡与NASH的发生发展有关.本文就NASH发病机制中细胞焦亡及其相关分子的研究进展作一综述.