Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) are two common subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study investigates the potential of OIP5-AS1 as a biomarker in relation to these two NSCLC subtypes. By analysing OIP5-AS1 expression levels, its diagnostic and prognostic value, and associated clinical outcomes using the UCSC database, we observed differential expression patterns of OIP5-AS1 with upregulated in LUSC and downregulated in LUAD. OIP5-AS1 shows a positive correlation with tumour purity in both subtypes. Furthermore, it exhibits a negative correlation with tumour mutational burden (TMB) in LUSC and tumour heterogeneity in LUAD. Notably, OIP5-AS1 serves as a significant predictor for clinical stage IV in LUAD. In vitro experiments were conducted by transfecting an OIP5-AS1 overexpression plasmid into A549 cells, revealing that increased OIP5-AS1 expression significantly enhances the migratory capacity of these cancer cells. These findings highlight the significance of OIP5-AS1 as a promising biomarker and provide insights into its potential application in improving diagnosis and guiding personalised treatment strategies in LUAD and LUSC within the broader context of NSCLC management.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are RNA molecules frequently involved in tumorigenesis. This research study focuses on the relevance of hsa_circ_515 (circ_515) to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression and the downstream targets involved. Differentially expressed circRNAs in NSCLC were screened using a GSE158695 dataset. Circ_515 was overexpressed and indicated poor outcomes in patients with NSCLC. Knockdown of circ_515 repressed proliferation and invasiveness, while potentiated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of NSCLC cells, and upregulation of circ_515 led to converse trends. The candidate downstream transcripts of circ_515 were explored using integrated bioinformatic analyses. Ectopic expression of miR-296-5p reduced the malignance of NSCLC cells. Circ_515 sequestered miR-296-5p and blocked its suppressive role in RING finger protein 44 (RNF44) expression. Downregulation of RNF44 counteracted the oncogenic effects of circ_515. In vivo, the anti-tumor effects of circ_515 knockdown were reversed by miR-296-5p, while the tumor-promoting effects of circ_515 upregulation were abolished by RNF44 knockdown. All in all, our findings demonstrate that circ_515 sequesters miR-296-5p and elevates RNF44 expression to encourage the NSCLC progression. This study might provide new thoughts on NSCLC management.

In thoracic surgery, the concept of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) has been extensively implemented. Although numerous studies have investigated ERAS in thoracic surgery, bibliometric analyses remain limited. In this study, the developmental trajectory, current research status, and prospective trends of ERAS in thoracic surgery were systematically analyzed through bibliometric and visual analysis techniques. Literature pertaining to ERAS in thoracic surgery was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Microsoft Excel 2019, R software (version 4.1.0), the Bibliometric Online Analysis Platform, VOSviewer (version 1.6.18), and Citespace (version 6.3.R1) were utilized for statistical analysis, bibliometric evaluation, and data visualization. A total of 617 publications were retrieved over the past decade. The number of publications has generally demonstrated an upward trend from 2015 to 2024. China and Sichuan University ranked as the leading country and institution, respectively, in terms of publication volume. The Journal of Thoracic Disease was identified as the leading journal in both publication count and citation frequency. Henrik Kehlet was recognized as the most prolific and highly co-cited author. Current research hotspots include “video-assisted thoracic surgery,” “pain management,” and “multicenter clinical trials.” ERAS-related research in thoracic surgery has been increasing steadily, highlighting it as a rapidly evolving and promising field. The ERAS concept plays a critical role in all perioperative phases—preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative—and requires further in-depth investigation. Many existing ERAS studies in thoracic surgery lack high-quality evidence, underscoring the urgent need for rigorously designed research with robust methodological standards.

PurposeTo explore the effectiveness of the model based on non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), analyze the tumor microenvironment and immune microenvironment for evaluating the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma, establish a risk model, and screen independent prognostic factors.MethodsDownloading the transcription data files and clinical information files of lung adenocarcinoma from TCGA database and GO database, the R software was used to establish the NMF cluster model, and then the survival analysis between groups, tumor microenvironment analysis, and immune microenvironment analysis was performed according to the NMF cluster result. R software was used to construct prognostic models and calculate risk scores. Survival analysis was used to compare survival differences between different risk score groups.ResultsTwo ICD subgroups were established according to the NMF model. The survival of the ICD low-expression subgroup was better than that of the ICD high-expression subgroup. Univariate COX analysis screened out HSP90AA1, IL1, and NT5E as prognostic genes, and the prognostic model established on this basis has clinical guiding significance.ConclusionThe model based on NMF has the prognostic ability for lung adenocarcinoma, and the prognostic model of ICD-related genes has a certain guiding significance for survival.

在化学药物治疗和靶向药物治疗过程中,少部分细胞可以通过进入缓慢增殖状态来逃避死亡,称为耐药持久性(drug tolerant persister,DTP).这种状态可以使癌细胞在药物治疗过程中存活,而且此状态可逆,在药物作用消失后可再次恢复成增殖状态,从而导致疾病进展或复发.因此,DTP成为癌症治愈的阻碍之一,深入学习了解相关耐药机制具有重要临床意义.本综述通过表观基因组修饰、旁路信号通路激活、肿瘤微环境、抑制细胞凋亡和神经递质等方面对目前DTP机制的研究进展作一综述,讨论现有机制对癌症治疗失败或复发的潜在治疗策略.

Cancer cells tend to obtain the substances needed for their development depending on altering metabolic characteristics. Among the reorganized metabolic pathways, Glutamine pathway, reprogrammed to be involved in the physiological process including energy supply, biosynthesis and redox homeostasis, occupies an irreplaceable role in tumor cells and has become a hot topic in recent years. Lung cancer currently maintains a high morbidity and mortality rate among all types of tumors and has been a health challenge that researchers have longed to overcome. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the essential role of glutamine pathway played in the metabolism of lung cancer and its potential therapeutic value in the interventions of lung cancer.

BackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has a very high morbidity and mortality rate, and its pathogenesis and treatment are still in the exploratory stage. Fatty acid metabolism plays a significant role in tumorigenesis, progression, and immune regulation. However, the gene expression of fatty acid metabolism in patients with LUAD and its relationship with prognosis remain unclear.MethodsWe collected 309 fatty acid metabolism-related genes, established a LUAD risk model based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) using Least Absolute Shrinkage Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis, and divided LUAD patients into high-risk and low-risk groups, which were further validated using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The nomogram, principal component analysis (PCA), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that the model had the best predictive performance. The ROC curves and calibration plots confirmed that the nomogram had good predictive power. We further analyzed the differences in clinical characteristics, immune cell infiltration, immune-related functions, chemotherapy drug sensitivity, and immunotherapy efficacy between the high-risk and low-risk groups. We also analyzed the enrichment pathways and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks of different genes in the high-risk and low-risk groups to screen for target genes and further explored the correlation between target genes and differences in survival prognosis, clinical characteristics, gene mutations, and immune cells.ResultsRisk score and staging are independent prognostic factors for patients with LUAD. The high-risk group had lower immune cell infiltration, was more sensitive to chemotherapeutic agents, and had a poorer survival prognosis. We also obtained three pivotal genes with poor survival prognosis in the high expression group, which were strongly associated with clinical symptoms and immune cells.ConclusionRisk score and staging are independent prognostic factors for patients with LUAD. The high-risk group had lower immune cell infiltration, was more sensitive to chemotherapeutic agents, and had a poorer survival prognosis. We also obtained three survival prognosis-associated target genes that are closely associated with clinical symptoms and immune cells and may be potential targets for immune-targeted therapy in LUAD.

Thymomas and thymic carcinomas are malignant thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) with poor outcomes if non-resectable. However, the tumorigenesis, especially the metabolic mechanisms involved, is poorly studied. Untargeted metabolomics analysis was utilized to screen for differential metabolic profiles between thymic cancerous tissues and adjunct noncancerous tissues. Combined with transcriptomic data, we comprehensively evaluated the metabolic patterns of TETs. Metabolic scores were constructed to quantify the metabolic patterns of individual tumors. Subsequent investigation of distinct clinical outcomes and the immune landscape associated with the metabolic scores was conducted. Two distinct metabolic patterns and differential metabolic scores were identified between TETs, which were enriched in a variety of biological pathways and correlated with clinical outcomes. In particular, a high metabolic score was highly associated with poorer survival outcomes and immunosuppressive status. More importantly, the expression of two prognostic genes (ASNS and BLVRA) identified from differential metabolism-related genes was significantly associated with patient survival and may play a key role in the tumorigenesis of TETs. Our findings suggest that differential metabolic patterns in TETs are relevant to tumorigenesis and clinical outcome. Specific transcriptomic alterations in differential metabolism-related genes may serve as predictive biomarkers of survival outcomes and potential targets for the treatment of patients with TETs.

BACKGROUND:β-Caryophyllene is the main ingredient of chilli pepper and used for the prevention of various cancers, while the molecular mechanism for its effects on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear.METHODS:NSCLC cell lines A549 and NCI-H1299 were treated with β-Caryophyllene and miR-659-3p (a potential tumor suppressor) mimic or siRNA. The levels of miR-659-3p, sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), apoptotic factors and oxidative stress factors were investigated.RESULTS:β-Caryophyllene inhibited NSCLC growth, promoted their apoptotic rate, increased the level of miR-659-3p, apoptotic factors (cleaved caspase-3 and BAX), antioxidant factors (SOD, CAT and GPx) and reduced the level of oxidative stress (ROS and NO) and SphK1. miR-659-3p mimic and siRNA affected NSCLC growth, their apoptosis, and biochemical indices.CONCLUSION:β-Caryophyllene of chilli pepper exerts inhibitory activity in NSCLC cells possibly by affecting miR-659-3p-targeted SphK1.

PurposeThis study aimed to explore the circular RNA (circRNA/circ) profile engaged in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development and metastasis and to investigate potentially key carcinogenic circRNAs related to NSCLC. MethodsCircRNA profiles between 10 NSCLC tissues and 10 adjacent tissues and between five NSCLC tissues with lymph node metastasis (LNM) and five NSCLC tissues without LNM were detected by Arraystar Human circRNA Array followed by bioinformatics. Circ_0008594 knockdown, circ_0004293 overexpression, and circ_0003832 overexpression plasmids were transfected into H23 and H460 cells to sort potential oncogenic circRNA. Then circ_0008594 overexpression and knockdown plasmids were transfected, followed by that circ_0008594 knockdown plus miR-760 knockdown plasmids were transfected into these cells. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, stemness, and pathways were detected. In addition, xenograft mice models were constructed via injecting H23 cells with circ_0008594 overexpression or knockdown to validate the findings. ResultsA total of 455 dysregulated circRNAs in NSCLC tissues versus adjacent tissues and 353 dysregulated circRNAs in NSCLC tissues with LNM versus those without LNM were discovered. Via cross-analysis, 19 accordant circRNAs were uncovered, among which three candidate circRNAs (circ_0008594, circ_0004293, circ_0003832) were chosen for functional experiments, during which it was observed that circ_0008549 affected H23 and H460 cell proliferation and apoptosis more obviously than circ_0004293 and circ_0003832. Subsequent experiments showed that circ_0008594 promoted H23 and H460 cell proliferation and invasion but affected stemness less and negatively regulated miR-760 via direct binding. Furthermore, miR-760 attenuated the effect of circ_0008549 on regulating H23 and H460 cell functions and the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways. In vivo experiments further confirmed that circ_0008549 increased tumor volume, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways while reducing tumor apoptosis and miR-760 NSCLC xenograft models. ConclusionOur study identifies several valuable circRNAs related to NSCLC development and LNM. Furthermore, as a key functional circRNA, circ_0008594 was observed to promote NSCLC progression by regulating the miR-760-mediated PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways.

目的:检测长链非编码RNA肌蛋白反义RNA1(musculin antisense RNA 1,MSC-AS1)在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)组织和细胞中的表达,研究其对肿瘤细胞增殖的影响并探索其机制.方法:采用qRT-PCR技术检测NSCLC肿瘤组织、癌旁组织、肺癌细胞及正常肺上皮细胞中MSC-AS1的表达;分析患者的临床病理资料与MSC-AS1表达的相关性.利用LipofectamineTM2000对肺癌细胞进行转染;MTT及克隆形成实验测定细胞的增殖能力;同时利用qRT-PCR测定细胞中miR-302c-3p及SSX2IP的表达变化.生物信息学方法预测MSC-AS1及miR-302c-3p的下游靶基因;双荧光素酶报告实验验证基因间的靶向结合关系.结果:MSC-AS1在肺癌组织及肺癌细胞(A549、SPC-A1和SK-MES-1)中较癌旁组织及正常肺上皮细胞BEAS-2B中表达升高(P<0.05);MSC-AS1的表达水平与癌肿TNM分期、肿瘤大小及淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.01),并提示患者的预后不良(P<0.01);敲低MSC-AS1能够抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖(P<0.05).MSC-AS1通过miR-302c-3p/SSX2IP轴调控NSCLC细胞的增殖.结论:LncRNA MSC-AS1能够促进NSCLC细胞的增殖并可能成为潜在的治疗靶点.

胸腺上皮性肿瘤是位于前纵膈较为罕见的肿瘤,目前治疗策略以手术治疗为主,复发或无法进行手术的晚期患者仍缺乏有效的治疗方案.近年来靶向治疗、免疫治疗等精准治疗在许多肿瘤中获得可观的成效.本文将综述胸腺上皮性肿瘤主要的差异表达基因及其应用的研究进展,为胸腺上皮性肿瘤的治疗提供新的思路.

Identify the prevalence of postoperative anxiety and depression as well as their correlations with clinical features and survival profiles in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who underwent resection.Four hundred NSCLC patients who underwent resection were recruited, and their anxiety and depression were assessed by hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) at discharge after surgery. Besides, 480 healthy controls (HCs) were also enrolled and assessed by HADS.The HADS-Anxiety score of NSCLC patients (7.8 ± 3.9) was greatly higher than that of HCs (4.8 ± 2.7), and the anxiety prevalence of NSCLC patients (49.6%) were dramatically increased compared with HCs (13.8%). Furthermore, the HADS-Depression score (7.2 ± 3.6) of NSCLC patients was considerably increased compared with HCs (4.2 ± 2.6), and the depression prevalence of NSCLC patients (38.3%) was significantly raised compared with HCs (10.0%). Besides, anxiety correlated with gender, marital status, hypertension, diabetes, pathological differentiation, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and carcinoembryonic antigen level, meanwhile, depression correlated with marital status, employment status before surgery, diabetes, pathological differentiation, and TNM stage in NSCLC patients. Additionally, the anxiety and depression predicted shorter disease-free survival in NSCLC patients. And the anxiety predicted worse overall survival (OS), while no association of depression with OS was observed in NSCLC patients.Post-operative anxiety and depression are highly prevalent and implicated in the ongoing care and prognosis prediction in NSCLC patients who underwent resection.

Non-small cell lung cancer is known as a malignant tumor with low survival rate and poor prognosis. Depression affects various diseases. However, the effect of depression on the progression of NSCLC remains unclear. In our current study, chronic mild stress (CMS) mice was used as depression animal model. Depression prompted the tumor progression in vivo analysis, including increasing tumor indexes and reducing survival rate. Serotonin secretion was observed to be remarkable elevation in both serum and tumor tissue, which was positively related with tumor progression. In vitro assays, serotonin promoted the proliferation of A549 cells. Ad -ditionally, we observed that miR-144 expression was significantly downregulated in serotonin stimulated group. Further loss-of- and gain-of-function assays verified that miR-144 was the downstream factor of serotonin underlying the condition of CMS. Taken to -gether, our research indicated that CMS-induced serotonin secretion accelerates NSCLC proliferation via inhibiting miR-144 expres sion, suggesting the potential therapeutic direction in NSCLC patients.

Objective. To evaluate the effect of p53 on pyroptosis and its inhibitory role on tumor growth in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods. The correlation of p53 and pyroptosis was determined in tumor tissues of NSCLC patients. The pyroptotic level was detected in A549 cells to clarify the effect of p53 on pyroptosis. p53 overexpression A549 tumor-bearing mice were used to clarify the therapeutic target of p53 in NSCLC treatment. Results. p53 expression level was positively related to pyroptosis in NSCLC tissues. In in vitro assays, p53 directly regulated pyroptosis in A549 cells. p53-specific knockdown blocked lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced pyroptosis. In in vivo assays, p53 overexpression in A549 markedly decreased tumor growth and death rate by increasing the pyroptotic level. Conclusions. Upregulation of p53 prompts pyroptosis to produce anti-NSCLC effects suggesting the potential of p53 on suppressing tumor growth in NSCLC patients.

近年来的研究显示,DENN/MADD域内含蛋白2D(DENND2D)作为一种抑癌基因,其过表达可以诱导细胞凋亡,从而显著地抑制肿瘤细胞在体外和体内的增殖.其机制为DENND2D通过对PARP的剪切使凋亡标志物cleaved PARP表达增高,以及竞争性抑制MADD与肿瘤细胞死亡结构域的结合等.而在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者肿瘤细胞中DENND2D呈低表达状态,这种低表达的出现则与肿瘤细胞染色体1号染色体短臂丢失、microRNA-522阻止DENND2D mRNA的翻译及DENND2D启动子可能存在过度甲基化有关.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common severe clinical syndrome in intensive care unit. Inflammation has been reported to play a critical role in the development of ALI. Cordycepin, an active component isolated from Cordyceps militaris, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of cordycepin on LPS-induced ALI remain unclear. Therefore, in the present study, we assessed whether cordycepin could attenuate ALI induced by LPS. The mice were conditioned with cordycepin 1 h before intranasal instillation of LPS. Lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio, MPO activity, MDA content, and inflammatory cytokines production were detected. The expression of NF-κB p65, I-κB, Nrf2, and HO-1 were detected by western blot analysis. We found that LPS significantly increased lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio, MPO activity, MDA content, and inflammatory cytokines production. However, the increases were significantly inhibited by treatment of cordycepin. LPS-induced NF-κB activation was also suppressed by cordycepin. In addition, cordycepin was found to up-regulate the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that cordycepin could attenuate LPS-induced ALI effectively, probably due to inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress.

目的 探讨藤黄酸对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)A549细胞凋亡及B淋巴细胞瘤(Bcl)-2、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、P53基因表达的影响.方法 体外常规培养NSCLC A549细胞,取对数生长期的A549细胞加入不同浓度的藤黄酸进行干预,藤黄酸干预24 h后采用流式细胞术检测A549细胞凋亡率,干预24、48、72 h后采用MTT分析A549细胞生长情况;采用Western印迹实验分析藤黄酸干预对Bcl-2、Bax、P53基因表达的影响,同时分析PUMA表达情况.结果 干预24 h后,A549细胞凋亡率随着藤黄酸浓度的增加而增加,均高于空白对照组(P<0.05).不同浓度的藤黄酸对A549的生长均有一定的抑制作用,且存在剂量、时间关系,不同浓度的藤黄酸干预组A549细胞存活率均显著低于空白对照组(P<0.05);随着时间的推移,各干预组A549细胞存活率降低(P<0.05).干预24 h后,P53、Bax、PUMA的相对表达量随着藤黄酸浓度的增加而增加,且不同浓度藤黄酸组均显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05);但Bcl-2的相对表达量显著低于空白对照组(P<0.05).结论 藤黄酸可抑制NSCLC A549细胞生长,促进其凋亡,其机制可能是通过活化促凋亡基因Bax、P53、PUMA表达和抑制抗凋亡基因Bcl-2表达实现.