Objective To explore the effects of self-concealment on mental health state and life quality of the first degree relatives of the schizophrenia patients.Methods The physiological children and siblings of the schizophrenia patients who meet the DSM-Ⅳ criteria had been tested using Self-concealment Scale(SCS)and divided to one higher group and another lower group according to their scales.Then the results of the two groups had been compared with the scales from the testing with Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)and General Quality of Life Inventory(GQLI)respectively.Results The scales of 186 first degree relatives of schizophrenia were 36.24±11.02,significantly higher than 29.20±8.73 of normal model(t=5.21,P＜0.01).36 were in higher group with average scales of40.57±11.64 and 27 were in lower group with average scales of 32.81±9.04(t=2.81.P＜0.01).In higher self-concealment group most factor-scales of SCL-90 except of psychotic factor were significantly higher than those of lower group(P＜0.05)while the scales of GQLI in higher group were significantly lower than those in lower group(P＜0.05P or＜0.01).The scales of SCS in the first degree relatives of schizophrenia had a positive correlation with the scales of SCL-90(correlation index 0.384,P＜0.01)and a negative correlation with the scales of GQLI(correlation index-0.336,P＜0.01).Conclusion Self-concealment level in the first degree relatives has significant effect on their mental health and life quality.Higher group leads a bad mental health and life quality than lower group.

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸对氟西汀治疗抑郁症疗效的影响。方法应用荧光偏振免疫法（Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay,FPIA）检测38例抑郁症患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平,并给予8周氟西汀系统治疗,分别于治疗前及治疗后第8周对患者进行17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表（Hamilton rating scale for depression,HAMD17）评定。结果治疗前抑郁症患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平为（16.45±5.96）μmol/L,高同型半胱氨酸血症的发生率为42.50%;治疗前HAMD评分为（28.38±2.91）,与血清同型半胱氨酸水平呈正相关（r=0.724,P=0.000）。经过治疗,全部样本中有显著疗效28例（占73.69%）,有效8例（占21.05%）,无效2例（占5.26%）;HAMD减分率为（59.60±19.95）%,与治疗前患者的血清同型半胱氨酸水平呈负相关（r=-0.848,P=0.000）。显效组、有效组和无效组患者治疗前血清同型半胱氨酸水平分别为（14.37±2.61）μmol/L,（21.86±3.55）μmol/L,（31.93±11.96）μmol/L,三组组间比较有显著性差异（P=0.000）。高同型半胱氨酸血症组和非高同型半胱氨酸血症组患者HAMD减分率分别为（42.64±14.67）%和（73.33±11.03）%,两组比较有显著性差异（t=7.326,P=0.000）。结论血清同型半胱氨酸水平升高可能是抑郁症发病的重要危险因素之一,其对氟西汀治疗抑郁症患者的疗效有一定影响。

BACKGROUND: Data indicate that the levels of serum homocysteine in depressive patients are higher than those in normal subjects.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the levels of serum homocysteine in patients with major depressive disorder, to determine whether serum homocysteine levels differ with sex, family history, or drug treatment, and to compare depressive patients with normal subjects. DESIGN: Non-randomized concurrent control trial.SETTING: Mental Heath Center of Shandong Province.PARTICIPANTS: Forty in-patients (23 males and 17 females, 18-63 years old) with major depressive disorder were selected from the Mental Health Center of Shandong Province from January to October 2006. All selected patients met the depressive diagnostic standard of Chinese Classification of Mental Disorder (3(rd) Edition, CCMD-3), and total scores evaluated by the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale For Depression (HRSD) were >= 20. Meanwhile, 36 healthy subjects (20 males and 16 females, 18-60 years old) were enrolled as controls; their total 17-item HRSD scores were <= 7. All Selected Subjects provided consent, and the study was approved by the local ethics committee.METHODS: Fasting venous blood (3 mL) was drawn in both groups at 8:00 in the morning. The levels of serum homocysteine were determined by a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA). The 17-item HRSD was also compiled from the patients when entering groups. The higher the scores were, the more severe the depression was. Enumeration data for both groups were compared by Chi-square test, measurement data were compared by t-test, and correlations were detected using Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Levels of serum homocysteine (2) incidence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy); (3) correlation between HRSD17 scores and levels of serum homocysteine in depressive patients.RESULTS: Forty depressive patients and 36 control subjects were included in the final analysis without any loss of participants. (1) Levels of serum homocysteine and HHcy detection rate: the levels of serum homocysteine in the depressive patients were significantly higher than those in the control group (t = 4.377 P=0.000). Hhcy detection rates were 42% (17/40) and 10% (4/36) in depressive group and control group, 2 respectively. There was a significant difference between two groups ( x(2) = 10.912, P = 0.001). In the depressive group, there were no differences in serum homocysteine levels between males and females, before and after treatment, or between patients with positive or negative family histories of depression (t = 0.217-0.520, P > 0.05). (2) Correlation analysis: the HRSD17 scores in the depressive group were positively correlated with levels of serum homocysteine (r = 0.724, P = 0.000).CONCLUSION: (1) The increase in serum homocysteine levels may play an important role in the pathogenic mechanism of depressive disorder. (2) The higher the levels of serum homocysteine are, the more severe the depressive disorder is. (2) There are no significant differences in serum homocysteine levels between patients of different sex or family history, or before and after drug treatment, among depressive patients.

Objective To explore the efficacy and side effects of modified electroeonvulsive therapy (MECT) in treatment of refractory obsessive compulsive disorder. Methods A total of 79 patients with refractory obsessive compulsive disorder were randomly divided into study group with MECT and control group with antide-pressants for treatment of 4 weeks. They were assessed and analysed eontrastively using Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), Hamilton Axiety Scale (HAMA) and Treatment Emergent Side Effect Scale (TESS). Results In the 1st weekend,the total scores of YBOCS (22.47±3.09)and HAMA (19.59±3.51)in study group were significantly decreased than those before treatment(as follows: 27.07±1.34,24.99±3.76)( t =6.10～7.69, P<0.05) and there was no difference in control group(t= 1.32～1.78, P0.05). In the lst,2nd and 4th weekend, the total scores of YBOCS (as follows : 22.47±3.09,14.93±2.92,10.93±4.23) and HAMA (as follows: 19.59±3.51,16.60±2.97,11.40±2.68) in study group were significantly lower than the total scores of YBOCS (as follows: 26.33±4.49,21.40±3.58,19.60±4.26) and HAMA (as follows: 24.38± 3.34,20.78±4.05, 19.79±3.08) in control group(t=4.36±21.30, P < 0.05). In the 1st,2nd and 4th weekend,the effective rates had significant differencesn between study group (as follows: 35.90,58.97,74.36%) and control group(as follows : 0.00%, 17.50,32.50%) (X2= 13.90～14.42, P < 0.05). No severe side effect was found in study group. Conclusion MECT is effective in treating refractory obsessive compulsive disorder without severe side effects.

Objective To explore the efficacy and side effects of modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) in the treatment of catatonic schizophrenia. Methods A total of 81 patients with catatonic schizophrenia were randomly divided into study group with MECT and control group with risperidone for treatment of 4 weeks. They were assessed and analysed contrastively using Brief Psychiatrc Rating Scale (BPRS) , Nurses Observation Scale (NOSIE) and Treatment Emergent Side Effect Scale (TESS) . Results In the 1st weekend, the total and factor scores of BPRS and NOSIE in study group were significantly lower than before treatment(P0.05) and there was no difference in control group(P0.05). In the 4th weekend, there were significant improvement of BPRS and NOSIE both in study group and control group(P0.05). But the total and factors scores of BPRS and NOSIE had significant differences between study group and control group(P0.05). No severe side effects was found in study group. Conclusion MECT is effective for treating patients with catatonic schizophrenia without severe side effects.

目的 探讨血浆同型半胱氰酸(Hcy)水平及5,10-亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)基因C677T多态性与重性抑郁症(MDD)的关系.方法 纳入符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)MDD诊断标准的患者77例和正常对照85名,采用荧光偏振免疫法测定Hcy浓度,运用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性分析技术(PCR-RFLP)检测MTHFR基因C677T多态性.入组时对MDD忠者进行汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评定.结果 患者组血浆Hcy水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).患者组与对照组基因型频率和等位基因频率分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).患者组和对照组TT基因型Hcy浓度均较CT型、CC型高.且患者组TT型HAMD评分也比后两者高(P<0.05).多元线性同归分析结果显示,MDD患者血浆Hcy水平与年龄、HAMD评分和TT基因型有关(P<0.001).结论 MTHFR基因C677T多态性可能是MDD的遗传易感因素,其可能通过影响血清Hcy水平而参与了MDD的发病及临床表现.

Objective To investigate serum levels of homocysteine in inpatients with major depressive disorder and relationship between serum homocysteine levels and depressive symptoms.Methods A total of 40 patients with major depressive disorder in study group and 36 normal health controls in control group were collected in this study.The serum levels of homocysteine were determined by Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay(FPIA).The 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAMD) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms.Results In study group,the serum homocysteine level was not significantly related to sex,treatment,family history,age and duration of depression(P0.05).The serum homocysteine level was significantly higher in study group than that in control group[(16.45±5.96)μmol/L,(11.72±3.33)μmol/L;P0.05].The rate of Hyperhomocysteinemia(HHcy) in study group was significantly higher than that in control group[(42.50)%,(10.00)%,P0.05].In study group,the score of HAMD was significantly positively related to serum homocysteine level(r=0.724,P0.05).The score of HAMD in patients with HHcy was significantly higher than that in patients without HHcy(t=5.209,P0.05).Conclusion The increase of serum homocysteine levels maybe play an important risk factor in the pathogenic mechanism of depressive disorder,and the serum homocysteine level could influence severity of depression.

Objective To investigate the influence of B_12 on the efficacy of fluoxetine in the patients with major depressive disorder. Methods Serum vitamine B_ 12 levels in 30 patients with major depressive disorder were determined at baseline. The patients were treated with fluoxetine (20mg/day) for 8 weeks. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD) was used at baseline and eighth weekend. Results The vitamine B_ 12 level and HAMD score had no signficant correlation at baseline(r=-0.11, P>0.05).Significant differences were found in vitamine B_12 levels between patients in full response, partial response and non-response groups(F=10.34,P<0.01). Conclusion Higher vitamine B_12 level may increase the efficacy of antidepressant.

目的观测精神分裂症患者同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)水平,并探讨其与精神病理症状的关系.方法采用病例-对照研究设计.用荧光偏振免疫法(FPLA)检测45例精神分裂症患者(患者组)和45名健康正常人(对照组)的血清Hcy,比较各类患者的Hcy.结果患者组血清Hcy水平[(17.3±5.6)μmol/L]高于对照组[(12±3.6)μmol/L],其高同型半胱氨酸血症(HHcy＞17μmol/L)的发生率明显高于对照组(42.2%比8.9%,Odds Ratio:7.5,95%可信区间为2.3～24.5,P=0.000).阳性亚型患者Hcy水平[(15.6±4.9)μmol/L]低于阴性亚型患者[(20.4±5.6)μmol/L],P＜0.01.P因子高分亚组患者Hcy水平[(15.1±5.1)μmol/L]低于低分亚组患者[(19±5.6)μmoL/L],P＜0.05.Hcy水平与阳性症状总分呈负相关(r=-0.374,P＜0.05),与阴性症状总分呈正相关(r=0.297,P＜0.05).结论精神分裂症患者的血清Hcy水平升高,并与精神病理症状有关.

目的:认知功能损害是老年痴呆的重要病理特征,近年来许多研究表明同型半胱氨酸水平升高是引起老年认知功能损害的一个重要因素.为此,对同型半胱氨酸与老年人认知功能关系的研究结果进行回顾,以阐明同型半胱氨酸引起老年人认知功能损害的机制,进而及早采取有效干预措施.资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline数据库1990-01/2004-12期间的关于同型半胱氨酸对老年人认知功能影响的文章,检索词"homocysteine,senile dementia,cognitivefunction",限定文章语言种类为"English".资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取流行病学研究、随机对照临床试验和实验研究.资料提炼:共收集到35篇关于同型半胱氨酸与老年人认知功能损害关系的流行病学研究、随机对照临床试验和实验研究,15项研究符合纳入标准,排除的20项研究中,11项研究因系重复的同一研究,9项为Meta分析或综述.资料综合:老年痴呆患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平升高,认知功能损害与同型半胱氨酸水平显著相关,B族维生素、相关基因、年龄和性别等因素引起同型半胱氨酸水平升高,同型半胱氨酸在大脑通过神经毒性作用和血管作用引起认知功能损害.结论:同型半胱氨酸水平升高可能是老年性痴呆的一个重要危险因素,是其认知损害的独立危险因素;B族维生素缺乏是同型半胱氨酸水平升高的主要影响因素.在认知功能损害和大脑病理变化出现前用B族维生素治疗可能是有效的预防性干预措施.

ObjectiveTo explore mental health status and bio-psycho-social factors affecting prognosis in patients with chronic prostatitis.Methods200 patients with chronic prostatitis and 100 healthy controls were involved in the study.The mental health status and the related factors were evaluated with BCL-90, SAS, SDS and related factors inventory.ResultsThe prevalence of psychological problems in patients was 21%, and significantly higher than that in controls. There were severe psychological problems in the patients who had blue-collar occupation, poor education, the experience of negative life events, dissatisfaction with marriage, complex and serious symptoms. ConclusionPsychological problem exit in patients with chronic prostatitis. Synthetic measures should be made to prevent and treat the disease according to mental status and the related factors.

介绍单相抑郁患病率的性别差异及可能引起这种差异的原因.

ObjectiveTo investigate the related factors of behavior problems in pupils. Methods 744 pupils in the first grade of a district junior school were assigned by cluster sampling method and were assessed with CBCL (Child Behavior Checklist) and a self-designed questionnaire.113 pupils had behavior problems according to CBCL Chinese model. The related factors between problem children and normal children were compared. ResultThe prevalence of behavior problem in pupils was 15.2%;the related factors included mother's emotional problems or physical diseases during pregnancy, baby's noisiness before one-year-old, child's physical diseases, lower educated parents, mono-parent's family, parents' relationship, child-parents' relationship, parents' nurture style and conflicts between grandparents and parents when educating child. ConclusionMany factors related to family played important roles in the occurrence of pupils' behavior problems.

目的:比较氯硝西泮与氟哌啶醇肌注治疗酒精所致精神障碍兴奋的疗效和副反应.方法:对100例符合CCMD-3酒精所致精神障碍诊断标准的兴奋患者,分别应用氯硝西泮(50例)与氟哌啶醇(50例)肌注治疗7天.用临床疗效总评量表(CGI)的病情严重程度(S1)、疗效总评(G1)和副反应量表(TESS),评定药物的疗效和副反应.结果:氯硝西泮与氟哌啶醇肌注疗效相当,而氯硝西泮起效快,副反应较氟哌啶醇轻.结论:氯硝西泮肌注治疗酒精所致精神障碍的兴奋疗效肯定,副反应轻.