目的:观察中西药合用治疗出血性玻璃体浑浊的效果.方法:30例随机分为两组各15例,两组均用西药治疗,观察组加用丹参注射液治疗.结果:观察组总有效率高于对照组(P＜0.05).观察组治疗后视力高于对照组(P＜0.05),而眼压明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).观察组眼底出血、视力下降、视物模糊等不良反应发生率低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:中西药合用治疗出血性玻璃体浑浊效果较好.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of annular electrode lacrimal duct reconstruction in improving the safety and efficacy of nasolacrimal duct stent implantation for treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction.METHODS:This randomized clinical trial was performed to compare the efficacy, success rate of intubation, time used for stent implantation, intraoperative pain, and extubation-assciated complications between nasolacrimal stent implantation with and without annular electrode lacrimal duct reconstruction.RESULTS:A total of 119 eligible patients were enrolled in this trial. The total curative rate at 6 months of follow up after extubation was 70.9% (83/117) in these patients, and was significnatly higher in pateinets with lacrimal duct reconstruction than in those without [80.6% (54/67) vs 58.0% (29/50); χ(2)=7.093, P<0.05]. The total success rate of stent implantation was 98.3% (117/119) in all the patients initially enrolled, and two patients experienced failure of stent implantation and were excluded; the success rate was signfiicantly higher in patients initially enrolled in the lacrimal duct reconstruction group (χ(2)=6.282, P<0.05). The median time required for intubation was shorter in lacrimal duct reconstruction group (12 s vs 33 s; Z=-36.722, P<0.05). The intendity of intraoperative pain was comparable between the two groups (t=0.833, P=0.405). The total rate of puncta injury was 43.6% (51/117) in these patients and similar between the two groups (χ(2)=1.459, P=0.227). The total rate of extubation difficulty was 9.4% (11/117) in all the patients, and was lower in lacrimal duct reconstruction group [4.5% (3/67) vs 16% (8/50); χ(2)=4.463, P<0.05]. Stent breakage in extubation occurred in 4.3% (11/117) of the patients with similar rates between the two groups (χ(2)=2.964, P=0.085). Spearman bivariate correlation analysis showed that the time required for intubation was inversely correlated with the treatment efficacy (r=-0.584, P<0.05) and positively with the occurrence of extubation difficulty (r=0.491, P<0.05); extubation difficulty was inversely correlated with the curative effect (r=-0.511, P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Annular electrode nasolacrimal duct reconstruction can increase the safety and efficacy of nasolacrimal duct stent implantation for treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

目的：探讨鼻泪管阻塞模型理想的制作方法，以及动物模型鼻泪管阻塞的判断方法等。方法10只新西兰大白兔随机分成3组，金葡组4只8眼行鼻泪管损伤后接种金黄色葡萄球菌，结扎组4只8眼行鼻泪管损伤后缝线结扎，另一组2只4眼作为对照组，行鼻泪管损伤后不做进一步处理。观察损伤后3、7、14 d的临床表现及14 d时的泪道冲洗结果，泪囊造影情况，比较这些制作鼻泪管阻塞模型方法的成功率、临床表现等。结果结扎组鼻泪管阻塞成功率为100％（8／8），金葡组成功率为25％（2／8），对照组为0（0／4）。金葡组与结扎组、金葡组与对照组、结扎组与对照组比较，成功率的差异均有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。泪道阻塞眼均有溢泪，泪道冲洗不通，泪囊造影示泪囊显影，鼻泪管不显影，但分泌物较少，金葡组早期分泌物较多。结论兔可作为鼻泪管阻塞模型较理想的实验动物，结扎法是制作兔鼻泪管阻塞模型的较理想的方法。

1.Department of Pathology, TCM Hospital of Futian District Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, Shenzhen 518040, China; 2.Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Longgang District Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, Shenzhen 518172, China; 3.Experimental Animal Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510006, China <br> and PCNA positive rate in control group. Wall thickness:there was significant difference between the two groups at 7 d (P< 0.05), there was significant difference between 7 d and 0 d in experimental group (P< 0.05). Cell density: there was significant difference between the two groups at 7 d (P<0.05), there was significant difference between 7 d and 0 d, 14 d, 28 d in experimental group (P < 0.05). PCNA positive rate: there was significant difference between the two groups at 3 d and 7 d (P<0.05 or P<0.01), there was significant difference between 3 d and 0 d,14 d, 28 d in experi-mental group (P<0.01), there was significant difference between 7 d and 14 d in experimental group (P< 0.05). Con-clusion In the early stage after extubation, fibroblast proliferation is obviously, so it is necessary to apply appropriately antiproliferative drugs to reduce the recurrence after extubation.

Objective To observe the clinical features and efficacy of conservative treatment of patients with chronic dacryocystitis in their early stage.Methods Prospective study designed to observe the clinical characteristics of dacryocystitis patients in their early stage and those of the common dacryocystitis from 2005 August to 2012 November in dacryocystitis in patients over 14 years old admitted in the Department of Ophthalmology,Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen City,a total of 428 eyes of 460 cases.to observe the efficacy of conservative treatment of dacryocystitis patients in their early stage,and its correlations with epiphora and pyorrhea.Results The average visiting age of early dacryocystitis patients is younger than normal dacryocystitis patients (t =37.412,P ＜0.05).The correlation coefficient between epiphora and efficacy is r1=-0.634,P ＜0.05,and the correlation coefficient between pyorrhea and efficacy of conservative treatment is r2=-0.613,P ＜0.05;Early dacryocystitis patients are more reluctant than ordinary dacryocystitis to undergo surgery(x2=10.460,P ＜0.05); Those early dacryocystitis patients who want to undergo surgery have better outcome of conservative therapy(x2=5.579,P ＜0.05);and have same outcome of surgical therapy(x 2=0.409,P =0.815).Early dacryocystitis patients have better outcome of conservative therapy than normal dacryocystitis patients(x2=108.924,P ＜0.05); patients with nasal obstruction than those without in patients have better outcome of conservative therapy(Fisher's exact test,P =0.010).Conclusion The outcome of conservative treatment in early dacryocystitis is encouraging,and which has a negative correlation with epiphora and pyorrhea duration time.

Objective To study the protective effect of ginsenoside Rg 1 on rat optic nerve injury.Methods The models of rat optic nerveinjury were separated into experimental group and control group.performing intraperitoneal injection of ginsenosides Rg 1(10mg/kg)was given to experimental group of rats for continuous 20 days,and the intraperitoneal injection with same volume of saline was given to the control group.F-VEP examination was done.The eyeball and optic nerve were taken out from the optic nerve injury eye and the normal eye in both groups:HE staining,SABC immunohistochemical staining:Bcl-2,Neurocan statistical analysis were done.Results The F-VEP examination result showed the significant difference in the data of injury eye from experimental group and control group,but no significant statistical difference.It needs further study.HE staining result showed the morphological difference on optic nerve cells from health rat group and the optic nerve injury group.Immunohistochemistry showed the neuronal cell apoptosis was significantly increased after optic nerve injury.The intraperitoneal injection of ginsenoside Rg 1 could significantly improve the situation of cell apoptosis.The significant increment of fiber protein may be partly related to the improvement of cell apoptosis,but the principle is not clear.Conclusion Ginsenoside Rg 1 has protective effect on rat optic nerve injury.

Objective To study the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on the pathological changes of rat optic nerve injury. Methods The model of rat optic nerve injury was established, the rats were divided into the experimental group and control group,intraperitonealiy injected ginsenosides Rgl (10mg/kg) to experimental group of rats for 20days ,meanwhile intraperitonealiy injected the same volume of saline to the control group,took eyeball and optic nerve from the optic nerve injury eye and the normal eye in both groups ,HE staining,SABC immunohistochemical staining of Bcl-2, neurocan were analyzed. Results HE staining results showed the morphological difference on optic nerve cells from control group and the optic nerve injury group. Immunohistochemistry showed the neuronal cell apoptosis was significantly increased after optic nerve injury. The intraperitoneal injection of ginsenoside Rg1 could significantly improve the situation of cell apoptosis. The significant increment of fiber protein may be partly related to the improvement of cell apoptosis, but the principle was not clear. Conclusion Ginsenoside Rg1 had protective effect on rat optic nerve injury.

目的:观察青光眼睫状体炎综合征早期临床特点,以期帮助诊断。方法:选取我院2004-06/2011-02,最终能诊断Posner-Schlossman综合征且能观察到完整早期临床资料的患者31例31眼,观察患者发病24h内和随后连续2d的视力、眼球充血、角膜水肿、角膜后沉着物（KP）、前房Dyndall现象、瞳孔光反射、眼压等。记录患者的症状和当天的诊断情况。结果:即使最终31例患者都能诊断为青光眼睫状体炎综合征,但在发病24h内就诊时仅15例（48%）能诊断,随后连续2d能诊断的依次为23例（74%）,29例（93%）。结论:KP型和高眼压型早期诊断较为困难。眼胀和KP是其重要的症状和体征。

AIM:To observe the effect of neonatal dacryocystitis treated by lacrimal sac massage.METHODS:Twenty-six patients(26 eyes)with neonatal dacryocystitis aged 15 days to 4 months accepted lacrimal sac massage for 2 months.Complications and compliance and success rate were observed.RESULTS:Complications occurred in three patients,and compliance were very well in all patients.16 of 26 patients(61.5%)were cured.CONCLUSION:Lacrimal sac massage seems to be the first treatment for neonatal dacryocystitis patients aged within 4 months.

Objective:To explore the methods of lacrimal sac massage which producing the max pressure.Methods:Three press methods on lacrimal sac were proformed on 20 adult patiens with chronic dacryocystitis,when lacrimal passage irrigation were lasting,and the widest range of reflu fluid be measured.The widest range of reflu fluid of the three press methods were compared by pair T test.Results:Among the three mothods,the widest range of reflu fluid produced by pressing on lacrimal sac with index finger was max.Conclusion:Press on lacrimal sac with index finger,and press on the upper and lower lacrimal canaliculi and Rosenmudler valve in the same time,which increasing the resistance of reflu,is the best method of lacrimal sac massage which producing the max pressure.

海绵窦动静脉瘘多由外伤性所致,临床症状典型者较易诊断,现今CT较为普及,CT特别是增强扫描对海绵窦动静脉瘘有确诊价值,一般不易发生误诊.现将笔者遇到的海绵窦动静脉瘘误诊2例的诊断经过报告如下.

Objective To explore the role of IL-18 in the pathogenesis of chronic eczema. Methods Twenty-seven patients with chronic eczema were enrolled into this study along with 12 normal human controls. The severity of eczema was evaluated by eczema area and severity index (EASI) in patients. Skin specimens and vein blood samples were obtained from all the subjects. Reverse-transcription PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression of IL-18 and IFN-γ in the skin tissue, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the protein expression of IL-18 and IFN-γ in the sera of these subjects. Results The mRNA expression level in patients and controls was 1.04±0.29 pg/mL and 0.52±0.15 pg/mL for IL-18, respectively, 0.96±0.34 pg/mL and 0.47±0.12 pg/mL for IFN-γ, respectively; a significant increase was observed in the mRNA expression level of both IFN-γ and IL-18 in the patients than in the controls (both P<0.01). Moreover, the mRNA expression level of both IFN-γ and IL-18 positively correlated with the severity of eczema in patients (r=0.737, 0.883, both P<0.01). The protein expression level of IL-18 and IFN-γ was 475.8±59.4 pg/mL and 10.1±7.0 pg/mL, respectively, in the patients, 123.6 ±29.5 pg/mL and 11.1±3.4 pg/mL, respectively, in the controls; a statistical difference was observed in the protein expression level of IL-18 (P<0.01), but not in that of IFN-γ(P>0.01), between the patients and controls. No significant correlation was observed betweenthe serum level of IL-18 or IFN-γ and sererity of eczema in the patients (both P>0.01). Conclusions IL-18 may be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic eczema. Also, in local lesions, IL-18 seems to correlate with the induction of production of Th1 type cytokines, such as IFN-γ which could subsequently mediate hypersensitivity response.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of eye dropping with high-dose artificial tears and lacrimal sac massage resulted in the high-frequency continuous washing to the formed nasolacrimal duct after the high-frequency electrolacry-ocystoplasty.Methods:114 out-patients with unilateral chronic dacryocystitis and were performed with high-frequency electrolacryocystoplasty were randomly divided into two groups: the 55 patients in control group were treated with routine syphilis of lacrimal passages after operation, and on the basis of routine syphilis of lacrimal passages, the 59 patients in experimental group were also treated with eye dropping with high-dose artificial tears and lacarimal sac massage for 4 times per day and treated for 4 months. Then the cure rate and compliance in the two groups were observed. Results: After one year follow-up, the cure rate of experimental group and control group were 94.9% and 81.8% respectively, a significant was shown in cure rate between the two groups. The complicance of experimental group involved with eye dropping with high-dose artificial tears and lacrimal sac massage was superior to that of control group (the average rate of eye drop in experimental group was 80.0%).Conclusion: The eye droppping with high-dose artificial tears and lacrimal sac massage has a good compliance and can improve the cure rate of high-frequency electrolacryocystoplasty.

角膜缘移植治疗翼状胬肉因其复发率较低而备受推崇。本文详细介绍了角膜缘移植的几种方法,同时介绍了近年来为降低翼状胬肉术后复发率,眼科学者们在手术方法及术中术后用药等方面的努力。

Objective: To investigate the factors lead to recurrence after surgical treatment on primary pterygium. Methods: After performing excision and self-conjunctiva flap transplantation on primary pterygium, we divided patients into 3 groups according to suture quality.There were 39 eyes of 36 patients in good suture quality group, 48 eyes of 41 patients in general suture quality group, and 22 eyes of 19 patients in low suture quality group. To investigate the hyperemia rate in palpebral fissure one month after operation in each group and the relationship between the suture qualities of conjunctiva flap and recurrence. Results: The hyperemia rate in palpebral fissure one month after operation in good suture quality group was 7.2%, general suture quality group was 18.1%, low suture quality group was 30.8%. The recurrence rates were 5.1%,12.5%,31.8% respectively in each group.Difference between low suture quality group and good suture quality group was significant.(P0.05).Conclusion: Good suture quality, reducing healing time after operation, reducing the possibility of conjunctiva hyperemia in palpebral fissure, decreasing the neovascularization under conjunctiva, is an important factor that leads to less recurrence.