Objective: To investigate the differential expression of serum-and-glucocorticoid-inducible-kinase-2 (SGK2) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and normal liver tissues and the related mechanism mediating signal transduction of GSK-3 β / β catenin in HCC cells. Methods: Twenty pairs of matched HCC and normal tissues were collected and the situation of expression of SGK2 mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Western blot was used to detect the levels of SGK2 protein in human HCC cell lines (Huh-7, SMMC-7721) and normal human liver cell line (L02). SGK2 siRNA was used to transfect human HCC cell lines (SMMC-7721 and Huh-7), and then the protein expression levels of GSK-3 β/ β - catenin was successfully detected with the above-mentioned transfected cell line by western blot. Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (x±s), and the Student t -test was used as the statistical method. Results: SGK2 mRNA expression was up-regulated in all 20 HCC samples than that of the expression of matched normal liver tissues. SGK2 protein levels were significantly higher in Huh-7 and SMMC-7721 than normal human liver cell lines (P < 0.01). The downregulation of SGK2 expression in human HCC cell lines (SMMC-7721 and Huh-7) had inhibited the expression of unphosphorylated GSK-3 β. In addition, the downregulation of SGK2 expression in HCC cell lines had decreased the dephosphorylation of β - catenin to prevent degradation of the β - catenin proteasome. Conclusion: SGK2 is overexpressed in HCC and mediates GSK-3β/β- catenin signaling in HCC cells.

Objective: To investigate the change in expression of anti-senescence marker protein calmodulin (RGN) in liver tissues of rats with immune hepatic fibrosis, and to observe the effect of compound glutathione inosine injection (CGII) on it. Methods: Rat liver fibrosis model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of porcine serum, and CGII intervention was administered at the appropriate time. Rat liver tissues were stained with HE and Masson. RGN and protein expression at mRNA in liver tissues was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. One-way Anova was used for measurement data. LDS test was used for two-way comparison, and pathological semi-quantitative results were analyzed by rank-sum test. Results: The relative expression of RGN mRNA and protein in liver tissue of fibrotic rats was 82.23 ± 15.21 and 12.52 ± 3.23, respectively, which were significantly lower than that of normal rats 176.39 ± 11.35 and 59.23 ± 9.13 (P < 0.01). The degree of liver fibrosis in fibrotic rats after CGII intervention was significantly lower than fibrotic rats. The relative expression of RGN mRNA and protein in the intervention group was 168.78 ± 21.31 and 46.42 ± 4.71, respectively, which were significantly higher than fibrosis and spontaneous recovery group. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The relative expression of RGN mRNA and protein in the spontaneous recovery group was 86.23 ± 17.16 and 14.34 ± 5.16, which was higher than model group. The difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The expression of RGN in liver tissue of rats with hepatic fibrosis induced by porcine serum is decreased, while the expression of RGN increases with the decrease of fibrosis after CGII intervention, suggesting that the protein may play an important role in the development of liver fibrosis.

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of XTP4 gene in apoptotic hepatoblastoma HepG2 cell line. Methods: HepG2 cells were transiently transfected with small interfering RNA of XTP4 genes, plasmid pcDNA3.1/myc-His(-) A-XTP4, and hepatitis B virus X protein transactivated x gene 4 (HBX protein trans-activate gene4, XTP4) and their respective negative controls. After 48h, the overexpression and interference expression condition of XTP4 in HepG2 cells were detected by Western blot. HepG2 cells apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins P53, Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 in HepG2 cells were detected by Western blot, and Bcl-2/Bax ratio was calculated. The chemiluminescence assay was used to detect activity of caspase-3 in HepG2 cells. The measured data were presented as (x ± s), and independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Results: HepG2 cells had successfully achieved the overexpression and interference expression of XTP4 protein. Compared with the control group, the overexpression of XTP4 in HepG2 cells had significantly decreased the number of apoptotic cells (P < 0.05), and increased Bcl-2/Bax (P < 0.05) ratio, but decreased the expression of P53 protein (P < 0.05). The protein expression of Caspase-3 and activity of caspase-3 was decreased (P < 0.05). However, interference with XTP4 expression in HepG2 cells had significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells (P < 0.05) and decreased Bcl-2/Bax (P < 0.05) ratio, but increased the expression of P53 protein (P < 0.05). The protein expression of Caspase-3 and activity of caspase-3 was increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: In HepG2 apoptosis XTP4 has inhibitory effect, and its effect on inhibiting HepG2 apoptosis may be achieved by regulating the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and the P53 protein may be involved.

目的 对急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血(ANVUGIB)患者应用消化内镜治疗的临床效果进行探析.方法 对2017年2月-2018年2月周口市中心医院消化内科收治的87例ANVUGIB患者的临床资料进行回顾分析,根据治疗方法不同分成观察组(45例)和对照组(42例);对照组采取常规专科治疗,观察组应用消化内镜治疗,对比分析两组临床效果.结果 观察组止血有效率为97.78％,显著高于对照组的85.72％ (P＜0.05);观察组止血时间、住院时间均短于对照组,且再出血率低,差异有统计意义(P＜0.05).结论 采用消化内镜治疗ANVUGIB止血效果确切,可有效缩短止血时间和患者住院时间,且可减少再出血发生,有着重要临床价值.

目的:观察内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗早期胃癌的临床疗效.方法:选取2013年9月～2015年12月我院收治的早期胃癌患者84例为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组各42例.对照组予以常规手术治疗,观察组予以内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗.比较两组临床疗效、术后并发症发生率及复发率.结果:观察组治疗总有效率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组术后并发症发生率及复发率低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗早期胃癌,可明显提高临床疗效,降低术后并发症的发生及复发率.

目的：探讨经皮穿刺内镜下胃造瘘术对经口进食困难的肿瘤患者的影响。方法选取由于经口进食困难、胃肠功能正常、需管饲胃肠营养的79例患者作为研究对象，采取知情同意的原则，按照随机数字表法将患者分为两组，一组为胃造瘘组36例，另一组为鼻胃管组43例，观察比较两组患者的生活质量和并发症发生情况。结果胃造瘘组患者在胃食管反流、脱管率、鼻咽不适、仪表仪容、自尊感等方面均优于对照组（P＜0．05）。结论经皮内镜下胃造瘘术可减少胃食管反流机会，减少患者鼻咽不适，维护患者仪表与自尊，降低脱管率，且具有操作简便的优点。

目的对胃结石成因、内镜治疗方案临床疗效以及术后并发症进行分析,探讨内镜治疗胃结石的临床价值。方法取2011年7月至2012年10月间在院治疗的胃结石患者20例为研究对象,分别在胃镜直视支持下采用圈套器以及活检钳对结石进行反复钳取,将结石表层物质加以破坏,然后给予患者口服奥美拉唑和碳酸氢钠,对患者治疗后的效果进行观察分析。结果本组20例胃结石患者中,4周内排除结石者17例,内镜治疗失败者为2例,剩余1例患者并发胃穿孔,遂对其实施手术治疗。结论对于胃结石患者来说,内镜治疗方案大多可将结石有效排除,但随着结石病程增长,碎石难度也随之增加,且胃结石大多存在胃溃疡以及胃黏膜损伤等伴发,有可能导致胃出血、胃穿孔以及肠梗阻等各类并发症的出现,值得在临床上予以重视。

Objective To study the effect of endoscopic therapy on large polyps in the digestive tract. Methods 45 patients were divided randomly into the observation group and the control group. The observation group was removed by endoscope with metal clip and coagulation; The control group was removed by endoscopic electric coagulation. Results The successful removal rate for one time in the observation group( 72%) was higher than the control group( 60%)( P<0. 05). The hemorrhage rate was 12% in the observation group,30% in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant( P<0. 05). Conclusions Endoscopic therapy on large polyps was more safty and feasible with metal titanic clip,as it reduced the hemorrhage rate.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) in the disinfections of endoscopes.Methods Sixty used endoscopes were equally randomized into two groups:the experiment group and the control group.OPA and 2% glutaral were used to disinfect the endoscopes in the experiment group and in the control group,respectively.Samples were collected from the channel and surface of all the endoscopes for bacteria culture after disinfection.The disinfection efficacy,time and cycle of the disinfections were compared between the two groups.Result The disinfection efficacy of two groups was not significantly different (P > 0.05),but the disinfection time in the experiment group was shorter than the control group.Conclusions OPA was an efficient and convenient antiseptic for the disinfection of endoscopes.It may shorten the disinfection time,accelerate the turnover of endoscopes and raise work efficiency.

目的 对比无痛胃肠镜与常规胃肠镜临床效果,选择更适合临床应用.方法 选取2011年7月到2011年12月本院收治的42例消化疾病患者先行常规胃肠镜检查确诊病灶,经过治疗后进行复查时进行无痛胃肠道检查,将初查结果与复查对比.结果 复查时经无痛胃肠镜检查发现有2例溃疡漏诊,4例息肉漏诊,6例有憩室炎症漏诊,漏诊率为28.57%.结论 无痛胃肠镜检查可比常规胃肠镜检查更仔细全面,患者无呕吐、疼痛感,但其收费标准较高,受患者消费能力限制.

Objective To explore the clinical and endoscopy features of MalloryWeiss Syndrome(MWS),and summarize the experience on the diagnosis and treatment of MWS. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of cases of MWS. Results Including 11 cases homeostasis by endoscopy 31 cases received conservative treatment except 1 case by surgery. All cases were cured. Conclusion Endoscopy is the first choice of diagnosing MWS. It,s the effective homeostasis measure.

目的:探讨剥脱性食管炎临床和内镜特点,总结其诊断和治疗经验。方法:回顾性分析收治的20例剥脱性食管炎的临床资料。结果:20例病人均经胃镜确诊,并在内科保守治疗后痊愈。讨论:食管黏膜剥脱有多种诱因,具有特征性的临床和内镜表现,内科保守治疗预后良好。

<正>我院2004年3月～2008年12月开展内镜下逆行性胰胆管造影(encoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography,ERCP),其中治疗性ERCP共159例,本文探讨其在胆总管结石治疗中的临床应用价值,现报道如下:

目的研究内镜微波治疗老年直肠癌的价值。方法根据部位的形态、大小采用不同功率、方法、时间及次数进行内镜微波治疗。结果5例老年直肠癌病人经治疗后肿瘤明显缩小,症状明显改善,无出血、穿孔等并发症。结论内镜微波治疗老年直肠癌效果显著,安全方便,值得临床上推广使用。

食管气管瘘在临床上并不少见,多见于中晚期食管癌患者并发症或术后吻合口瘘,食管癌放疗后,严重影响患者的生活质量.我院近年来开展内镜下置放金属带膜支架治疗食管气管瘘,近期效果满意.现报告如下:

胃镜作为上消化道出血的诊断及治疗手段,应用越来越广泛,被广大患者所接受,并收到了很好的效果,本文就近三年来482例胃镜结果进行分析,报告如下: 1临床资料 2000～2002年近三年中,因呕血、黑便来我院急诊及住院的上消化道出血病人共482例,病例中有33人因反复出血做过2～4次胃镜检查.其中男性305例,女性177例,男女之比1.72:1.50岁以下189例(占39.2%),50岁以上293例(60.8%).

1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料本组病人共92例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组48例,男30例,女18例;年龄15～70岁,平均42.5岁;病程2个月至15年.对照组44例,男28例,女16例;年龄16～72岁,平均43.3岁;病程3个月至14年.主要表现为腹痛84例(治疗组45例,对照组39例),腹泻及大便性状改变92例(包括血便、粘液脓血便、稀糖便),纳差54例,发热26例,消瘦60例,贫血18例,水电解质紊乱12例,低蛋白血症4例,肝功能损伤5例,关节肿痛10例,大便细菌培养均无致病菌生长.

恶心呕吐并不是化疗中最严重的副作用,但却被患者主观认为最难以忍受,严重干扰生活质量的副作用[1],临床上虽采用强力镇吐药物,但这种副作用仍然不能完全消除,化疗引起的恶心呕吐使患者拒绝接受进一步化疗,影响了疾病的转归及患者生存率[2].

1995-01～2002-10我科在内镜下高频电切除小儿大肠息肉68例,效果满意,现报告如下.