目的 对2010-2015年深圳市某街道公立学校教学与生活环境卫生现状进行调查,为改善学校教学环境卫生提出一些依据.方法 根据《中国卫生监督统计报表学校卫生情况年报表技术规范》《学校卫生监督综合评价》《学校卫生综合评价》中所制定的标准监测及评价学校教学与生活环境.结果 卫生学指标不合格的有:前、后排教室间距、外环境对教室产生的噪声、黑板面照度、教室后墙反射比、黑板下缘与讲台地面的距离、课椅分配符合率和课桌分配符合率.结论 当前深圳市某街道公立学校的学校卫生环境突出问题是前、后排教室间距、外环境对教室产生的噪声、黑板面照度、教室后墙反射比、黑板下缘与讲台地面距离等,这些问题会直接影响学生的生长发育,教育部门应该加大投入,努力为学生提供合格的教学与生活环境.

目的 了解福永街道中小学校教室人均面积与课桌椅卫生状况,为学校以及教育主管部门制定有关干预计划或政策提供基线资料.方法 从福永街道所有学校每个年级随机抽取1个班级,按照《中小学校设计规范》(GB50099-2011)的规定计算教室人均面积,同时每个班级随机整群抽取10名学生及其所使用的课桌椅,按照《学校课桌椅功能尺寸及技术要求》(GB/T3976-2014)规定判定课桌椅分配符合情况.结果 福永街道中学的教室人均面积达标率100％,黑板与前排课桌椅距离达标率83.33％,课桌设置分配符合率41.67％,课椅设置分配符合率50％;福永街道小学的教室人均面积合达标率16.67％,黑板与前排课桌椅距离达标率32.05％,课桌设置分配符合率12.44％,课椅设置分配符合率12.82％.结论 福永街道中学在教室人均面积、黑板与前排课桌椅距离、课桌设置、课椅设置等方面均优于小学,福永街道公立小学在课桌设置、课椅设置分配符合率方面高于私立小学.建议提高小学教室人均面积并改善课桌椅卫生不良状况.

目的 了解深圳市宝安区某街道中小学生营养状况,为进一步开展学校营养卫生工作提供依据.方法 利用学校卫生情况年报数据,对该地区2011—2015年学生的体检资料进行分析.结果 2011—2015年,该地区中小学生营养不良检出率为7.39%(9487/128303),总体呈下降趋势;肥胖检出率为10.18%(13064/128303),逐年上升.总体上看,营养不良检出率男生高于女生(P<0.05),初中生高于小学生(P<0.05);肥胖检出率男生高于女生(P<0.05),初中生高于小学生(P<0.05).结论 营养不良和肥胖的重点防治对象是初中生,尤其要注意男生的营养状况.

目的：分析和评价深圳市某区医疗机构口腔诊疗器械的消毒监测效果现状，有效防控医院感染和医源性感染的发生。方法：采用现场调查与采样检测方法对辖区25家从事口腔诊疗的不同性质医疗机构的口腔器械进行消毒效果监测。结果：深圳市某区2012年医疗机构口腔诊疗器械的消毒效果监测合格率为96．72％，其中公立医疗机构合格率98．33％，民营医疗机构合格率95．16％。除医护人员手表面合格率为84．00％外，其余如使用中的消毒剂、物体表面、一次性使用医疗用品、一次性卫生用品和紫外线灯合格率均为100.00％，它们之间有统计学差异（χ2＝16.05，P＜0．01）。结论：深圳市某区2012年口腔诊疗医护人员手卫生合格率偏低，也是造成民营医疗机构口腔诊疗消毒效果监测合格率低于公立医疗机构的主要原因，建议提高从事口腔诊疗医护人员的手部卫生意识，保证洗手效果，确保手卫生达标。

[目的]了解2011-2013年深圳市宝安区游泳池水质抽检情况及变化趋势,以进一步做好卫生监督工作,保障游泳者身体健康.[方法]依据《公共场所卫生监测技术规范》(GB/T 17220-1998)进行采样,依据(GB/T 5750.2-2006)进行检测,依据GB9667-1996《游泳场所卫生标准》对结果进行卫生学评价.[结果]深圳市宝安区游泳池水抽检合格率分别为73.68％、90.8％和95.3％,呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义.不合格项目主要为尿素、游离性余氯和细菌总数.[结论]宝安区各游泳场所对游泳池水的卫生管理工作还有提升的空间,作为卫生主管部门需切实加强此类场所的监督和指导工作.

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Bao'an District of Shenzhen City,provide scientific evidence for further prevention and control of mumps.[Methods]Descriptive epidemiological method was applied to analyze the data of mumps reported through the National disease reporting information system in Bao'an District from January 1,2008 to December 31,2012.[Results]During 2008-2012,a total of 10 680 mumps cases were reported in Bao'an District of Shenzhen City,and the average annual incidence was 72.59 /lakh.The cases were reported in each month throughout the year,and there was a significant seasonality,which the incidence peaks occurred May to July and December to January.The male-to-female ratio was 1.84∶ 1.Most of the cases occurred in children aged 3-15 years old(75.92%),while students and children were the high-risk population.The incidence rates in Shajing Street and Guanglan Street were higher.[Conclusion]The incidence rate of mumps is relatively high in Bao'an District of Shenzhen City.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of mumps according to the peak season,high-risk population and key region.

Objective To understand sterilization quality monitoring results of medical institutions in Baoan district in Shenzhen so as to provide scientific basis for strengthening the management of infection and sterilization quality in medical institutions.Methods Analyzed sterilization monitoring data in four consecutive years by on-site sampling and bacteriological test.Results Collected 1611 samples from community health centers,the average YIELD was 99.26%;collected 4146 samples from private clinics,the average YIELD was 98.55%.There was statistical significance between this two samples.There was statistical significance in YIELD of medical workers' hands and disposable medical supplies between this two samples.Conclusions Sterilization quality of these street medical institutions was good,but it still had some problem.It needs to strengthen management of sterilization monitoring,increase sterilization realization and responsibility of medical workers.Helath administrative department should strengthen supervision and inspection.

Objective:To grasp the disinfection effects of nurseries in a district from 2010to 2012,to provide a scientific basis to improve the quality of disinfection,to promote the disinfection standards of childcare institutions.Methods: Referring national GB15982-1995,GB14934-1994and the program standards of disinfection quality monitoring technology of medical institutions,childcare institutions in Guangdong province,monitoring disinfection quality of nurseries in this district.SPSS17.0statistical software was used to analyze monitoring data.Results:The pass rates of disinfection quality monitoring for three consecutive years were 95.61%,94.63% and 93.54%,the differences were statistically significant(χ2=19.701,P0.001).Public nurseries disinfection monitoring pass rate(99.68%)compared to private(95.70%),a statistically significant difference(χ2=11.995,P0.001).The differences of total qualified rates of three years’disinfection quality monitoring of all types of projects were statistically significant(χ2=19.701,P 0.001).Conclusion:In this district of Shenzhen city,the disinfection quality of public nurseries was higher than private nurseries,the staff hand disinfection levels would need to continue to improve,the CDC should increase the private nurseries disinfection monitoring,supervision and work.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristic and risk factors of severe and fatality cases of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in Bao'an District.Methods 51 severe and 2 fatality cases HFMD cases were investigated between 2009 and 2010 in Bao'an District.Data and characteristics of all the cases were analyzed by SPSS 11.5 software.Results Among the 3 967 HFMD cases,the incidence rate was 58.7/100 000.The incidence rate of severe cases was 1.3%.2 cases died with the fatality rate of 3.9%.The severe cases of HFMD were reported in every counties and districts.The peak of severe HFMD was from April to September.50 specimens were detected.The positive rate of EV71 was 82.0%.Conclusions The prevalence of HFMD was serious.The children aged less than 5 should be given more attention and treated timely.

[目的]了解辖区内旅店业公共用品的卫生质量,为制定有效的监督管理措施提供科学依据。[方法]按GB/T17220-1998《公共场所卫生监测技术规范》、GB/T 18204-2003《公共场所卫生标准检验》方法进行采样检验。[结果]共检测辖区内旅店业35家,各类公共用具370份,合格254份,合格率为68.6%。[结论]该区域旅店业各类公共用具监测合格率低,应改善卫生设施,落实《公共场所卫生管理条例》,卫生监督部门应依据新版《公共场所卫生管理条例实施细则》,加大执法力度,以保障广大群众的身体健康。

目的:检测<8月龄麻疹患儿母亲和对照母亲的麻疹IgG抗体水平,探讨其与低月龄婴儿麻疹发病的关系.方法:采用1:1病例对照的方法选取患儿母亲和对照母亲各50名,用ELISA的方法检测麻疹IgG抗体.结果:患儿母亲和对照母亲抗体阳性率分别是40.0%和62.0%,抗体保护率分别是14.0%和34.0%.经比较分析,两组间抗体水平分布差异显著性.结论:应对育龄期妇女实行麻疹抗体检测,根据其抗体水平予以麻疹疫苗加强;建议麻疹初种年龄由现有的8月龄提前至6月龄.

目的:分析宝安区某街道甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情的流行病学特征和处理情况,总结防控经验,为预防和控制甲型H1N1流感在学校暴发提供科学依据。方法:采用面对面个案调查和现场流行病学调查方法,对学校甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情的病例进行个案调查。结果:2009年11月21～23日,该校共报告有流感样症状患者26例,其中3例进行甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸检测,均为阳性。结论:该起疫情是该学校甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情,传播与季节性流感相似。

<正>近年来,深圳市艾滋病疫情进入了快速增长期,经性传播途径感染的报告病例数及比例也呈逐年上升趋势,而娱乐场所女性性服务人员是HIV/AIDS传播的易感人群和桥梁人群之一[1]。为了解深圳市宝安区某街道娱乐场所女性性服务人员艾滋病的知识、行为的基本情况,我们对娱乐场所的女性性服务人员进行了问卷调查,并做了HIV抗体检测。

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Fuyong Street in order to predict its occurrence and reduce its incidence by establishing preventive and control measures.Methods Epidemiological data in Fuyong Street between 2003 and 2007 were analyzed.Results The result showed that 393 measles cases were reported in the whole street during 2003 and 2007,329 were confirmed by laboratory,and 60 were local cases.The measles annual average incidence was 18.29/100 000.The high incidence period was from March to August and the most measles cases were young adults and infants.30.79% cases had no immunization history and 24.68% cases had immunization history.Conclusions The incidence of measles is kept at a high level.It will go on possibly for half a year or a year.A comprehensive control measures should be thaken to strengthen vaccination program especially for foreign people and to reinforce the surveillance and analysis of epidemic situation in order to avoid the outbreak of the disease.

托幼机构是幼儿学习、活动和生活的聚集场所,幼儿机体免疫功能低下,一旦有疾病传入,如果消毒、隔离等防治措施跟不上,极易引起疾病的扩散蔓延甚至爆发流行.做好托幼机构预防性消毒工作足预防、控制和消除传染病的重要措施.为了解和掌握福永街道托幼机构消毒能力和消毒措施效果,我们于2005～2007年对福永街道托幼机构的消毒工作进行常规监测,结果报告如下.