猫膀胱结石已成为宠物医院的常见病之一.为了预防猫膀胱结石形成和防止复发,本试验收集8例猫膀胱结石病例,分析结石的化学成分.结果显示,8例猫膀胱结石病例中,磷酸铵镁结石占75.0％,草酸钙结石占12.5％,磷酸铵镁和草酸钙混合结石占12.5％;公猫比母猫易患膀胱结石,阉割术与膀胱结石的发病无关;采食干猫粮更易发生膀胱结石.通过分析表明猫膀胱结石是复发率较高的营养代谢性疾病,术后制定预防方案是护理重点,定期的尿沉渣镜检和观察猫的排尿情况是预防猫膀胱结石最有效的方法.

T-2 and HT-2 toxins belong to mycotoxins which are found in human foods and animal chow. We investigated the toxicity and oxidative stress induced by T-2/HT-2 in broilers and chicken hepatocytes. Maize cultures of Fusarium poae was fed to broilers for 42 d, and the physiological index, biochemical index and expression of mRNAs related to oxidative stress were analyzed. Chicken hepatocytes were treated with different levels of T-2/HT-2, and the following parameters were detected: cell viability, GSH and MDA concentration, LDH leakage, activities of ALT/AST, ROS, GSH-PX, SOD and CAT, and expression of mRNA related to oxidative stress. In vivo, high levels of mycotoxins (4 mg/kg T-2 and 0.667 mg/kg HT-2) in feed caused significant reductions in body weight, weight gain, and serum total protein, and significant increases in feed conversion ratio, ALP, ALT/AST activities, and expression of mRNA related to oxidative stress. In vitro, cells treated with T-2/HT-2 showed reductions of GSH concentration and significant increases in LDH leakage, ALT/AST ROS, GSH-PX, SOD and CAT activities, MDA concentration, and expression of mRNA related to oxidative stress. Consequently, F. poae culture material and T-2/HT-2 induced toxicity and oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro, respectively.

To investigate the effect of 17β-E2on osteoblasts induced by chicken bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs),the method of invitroculture of BMSCs and its inducement of osteoblasts were established in this experiment.Chicken BMSCs were purified with whole marrow adherent culture and subculture in vitro.The third generation of cells of BMSCs were selected for inducing osteoblastic culture.The growth and morphology,the cell proliferation rate and the cell cycle of osteoblasts induced-BMSCs were detected with inverted phase contrast microscope,methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium(MTT)and flow cytometry,respectively.Induced-BMSCs obsteoblasts were identified by alkaline phosphates(ALP),Van-Gieson staining and Alizarin red staining,respectively.The induced osteoblasts were divided into 5experimental groups and cultured with osteogenic differentiated medium containing different 17β-E2 concentrations of 10-7,10-8,10-9, 10-10,10-11 mol·L-1 for each group,respectively.Cells cultured without 17β-E2as a blank controlgroup.Effects of different concentrations of 17β-E2on the proliferation and differentiation of induced-BMSCs osteoblasts were measured by MTT and PNPP for finding the most effective concentration.Then this effective concentration of 17β-E2 was used for culturing induced-BMSCs osteoblasts,and the percentages of apoptotic cells were measured by flow cytometry.The results showed that BMSCs could be purified with whole marrow adherent culture.Osteoblasts could be induced from purified BMSCs using classic differentiated medium and were typically characteristic of the osteoblastic biology.The induced-BMSCs osteoblasts' ALP,collagen typeⅠand calcified nodules' staining were strongly positive compared with control group.10-9 mol·L-117β-E2concentration represented the most action of promoting proliferation and differentiation and inhibiting apoptosis of induced-BMSCs osteoblasts among the other concentration groups.Thus,it is shown that osteoblasts can be induced from purified chicken BMSCs and estrogen can enhance the function of induced-BMSCs osteobalsts.

<正>以问题为导向的教学方法(problem-based learning,PBL),是基于现实世界的以学生为中心的教育方式,1969年由美国的神经病学教授Barrows在加拿大的麦克马斯特大学首创,目前已成为国际上较流行的一种教学方法。

为探讨“益芪散”对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋品质的影响,采用单因子设计,将120只420日龄海兰灰蛋鸡随机分为4组,分别在基础日粮中添加0、1％、2％、3％“益芪散”饲喂60 d.结果表明“益芪散”可显著提高蛋鸡的产蛋率、饲料报酬,降低蛋破损率及死淘率,显著提高蛋比重.

Through recalling analysis of the clinical use of the external fixatOR treatment of 11 cases of Kunming canine tibia and fibula fracture cases,we explored the clinical effect of external fixator for the treatment of Kunming dog canine tibia and fibula fractures.100 days after the surgery,by a return visit,all fractures were healed,the shortest and longest fracture healing time were 30 and 90 days,respectively,in addition to the few pinholes infection and pins loosening outside,no other significant complications.Results showed that external fixaor was an ideal method for the treatment of the Kunming canine tibia and fibula fracture.

宠物犬真菌性角膜溃疡是由真菌感染所致的一种致盲率很高的疾患,角膜的生产性外伤为真菌的感染提供了机会.抗生素、皮质激素及抗病毒药物的广泛应用,角膜接触镜使用增多,致使眼部真菌病的发病率逐年增加.由于大多数抗真菌药物毒性较大,眼组织穿透力小,治疗相对棘手,而早期确诊真菌性角膜溃疡对治疗有较好的指导作用.2008年以来,笔者对玉溪博爱动物医院12例真菌性角膜炎患犬施行角膜移植手术,并对手术后病变的角膜进行病理学检查及分析,现报告如下.

目的:探讨藏獒眼睑内翻矫正手术效果.方法:使用改良霍尔茨-塞勒斯氏(Holtz-Celus)成形术.结果:30例藏獒病例效果较好,手术后没有出现肉翻和外翻现象,藏獒主人很满意.结论:用改良霍尔茨-塞勒斯氏(Holtz-Celus)成形术治疗藏獒眼睑内翻效果好.

<正>急性胰腺炎(Acute Pancreatitis,AP)是胰腺消化酶对胰腺自身消化引起的化学性炎症,其病因与营养、药物、胆道疾病等有关,临床上以急性腹痛伴恶心呕吐、发热、血尿淀粉酶升高为特征,重症患者可很快出现多脏器损伤及功能衰竭的各种表现。近年来笔者采用中西医结合治疗犬急性胰腺炎取得了较满意的疗效,现报道如下。

The objective of this study was to discuss how to cure skin disease caused by obstinate fungus.Compared treatment was done using Chinese and Western medicine to cure dog fungus skin disease,the cure rate of Chinese medicine was 90% with small adverse reaction and no drug residue and resistance.The results showed that Chinese medicine showed better effects than Western medicine on curing dog fungus skin disease(P<0.05).

通过对犬单肺移植的试验研究,探索如何缩短热缺血时间和提高肺移植的吻合,预防手术并发症。试验用犬12只,选体重接近者配对作为供受体进行单肺原位移植,对供体犬观察两种方法的热缺血时间;对受体犬进行血气分析,观察移植肺气体交换功能;死后进行解剖,观察各个吻合口的情况。试验结果:6只犬肺移植手术顺利,无手术死亡,存活时间为48～168h,1例死于张力性气胸;游离并阻断主肺动脉根部较常规方法热缺血时间缩短最少1min;移植肺气体交换功能正常。试验结论:游离并阻断主肺动脉根部,可缩短热缺血时间;后壁折叠、前壁外翻的连续缝合法保证了肺动脉和左房袖吻合口光滑严密,无血栓和狭窄;在支气管两个软骨环间切断时,尽量多保留无软骨的气管壁,是防止支气管吻合口瘘和狭窄最有效的方法,这对治疗晚期呼吸型犬瘟热、窝咳、肺炎等严重病例提供了有效保障。

1 操作技术 犬妊娠诊断的探查体位最好采取仰卧位,也可以选择将犬仰卧抱在怀里,或是犬自然站立保定.不论采取什么样的保定姿势,一定要有耐心,只有主人、犬和检查者相互配合,才能做好检查.被检查犬腹部要剃毛,使用电推子沿腹壁将待检部位毛剃光,特别是一些被毛比较密的品种,注意一定要将毛剃干净,否则影响检查结果.探查部位从耻骨前缘到最后肋骨后缘或下腹部.探头上涂适量耦合剂,再将检查部位均匀涂布适量耦合剂.准确把握被查部位的解剖位置,扫查时作矢状面、横切面、冠状面等多切面扫查.

1 诊断 1.1 临床诊断患有皮肤真菌病的犬猫常常表现为剧痒,其外观多种多样,一般有不同程度的脱屑、脱毛和结痂.毛发变脆、毛干易断、毛根易脱.毛根萎缩,在显微镜下可见其呈高粱穗样,附有多量竹叶状小孢子,毛干呈管套状,毛干周围包裹着致密的孢子.

鹅球虫耐药性强,发病率高,传统防治药物残留期长,采用中草药防治具有价廉、毒副作用小等优点.因此,我们根据临床发生的鹅球虫病例,应用清球汤与西药进行治疗效果的对比试验,现将结果报告如下.

随着养犬、猫者越来越多,犬的疾病逐渐被人们所重视,对犬各种疾病的诊治研究也在不断深入。近1年来,笔者在玉溪市娃娃宠物医院接诊了1 568例犬细小病毒病病例,开展了该病诊疗方法的研究,采取了综合治疗措施,使该病的治愈率由63%提高到了93%。

2004年7月玉溪市某养殖场饲养的860只雏鹅于26日龄时暴发了急性球虫病,开始死亡112只,死亡率13.02%,共发病380只,发病率44.19%,经及时治疗,得到控制,现报告如下.