以3个不同熟期玉米品种和育187(早熟)、迪卡1563(中早熟)和先达6018(中晚熟)为材料,研究其生育进程、叶面积指数、SPAD值、地上部干质量、灌浆过程中百粒质量和单穗鲜质量的变化以及产量的差异,为晋南冷凉区高产、优质玉米的选择提供依据.结果表明,不同熟期玉米品种生育进程不同,生育期表现为和育187＜迪卡1563＜先达6018,生育期延长主要体现在出苗—吐丝营养生长阶段,其次是吐丝—成熟.不同熟期玉米品种苗期和大喇叭口期叶面积指数无显著差异,灌浆期叶面积指数差异达显著水平,表现为和育187＞先达6018＞迪卡1563.3个不同熟期玉米品种均表现为吐丝后54 d棒三叶SPAD值快速下降,其中吐丝后54 d和育187棒三叶SPAD值最高.成熟期茎、叶和籽粒干质量均表现为先达6018＞和育187＞迪卡1563.和育187和迪卡1563单穗鲜质量表现为先升后降,先达6018单穗鲜质量表现为上升趋势;百粒质量的增长速度呈慢—快—慢的变化趋势,3个玉米品种在吐丝后18 d百粒质量差异开始变大,吐丝后54d差距缩小,吐丝后54d和育187百粒质量最高.3个不同熟期玉米品种穗粒数差异显著,以先达6018最高;百粒质量以和育187最高,显著高于其他2个品种;产量表现为先达6018＞和育187＞迪卡1563,差异未达显著水平.

红小豆食药同源,营养价值和保健价值越来越受到人们的青睐.晋小豆7号由山西省农业科学院隰县农业试验站选育而成,2011—2012年进行产量比较试验,2 a平均产量为2137.5 kg/hm 2,2015年通过山西省农作物品种审定委员会认定.该品种具有早熟、高产、稳产、抗旱及适应性广等特点,适宜山西省北部春播、南部复播及类似生态区种植.

马铃薯营养丰富、产量较高,是适应性很强的一种粮菜兼用作物.我国作为马铃薯的世界第一生产大国已经实现了马铃薯种植栽培产业的全面发展,截止到2018年,我国马铃薯的种植总产量已经达到12000万t,种植面积超过600万hm2,且近年来伴随马铃薯种植技术的不断优化提高,马铃薯的种植规模与效益也正在不断提升.本文以我国晋西南山区马铃薯种植为例,探讨了当地马铃薯不同栽培密度的栽培效果,结合试验进行分析.

隰州小黑豆1号品种(系)是山西省农业科学院隰县农业试验站于2018年优选出的芽苗菜专用小黑豆新品种(系),其百粒重8～10g,具有高产、优质、适应性广、抗逆性强、综合性状优良等特点,适宜山西省春播中晚熟区种植.

兰库8017是以隰332为母本、隰1055为父本选育的玉米杂交种.2014-2015年参加山西省中晚熟区区域试验,产量分别为14518.5,14 479.5 kg/hm2,比对照先玉335分别增产8.5％,9.1％,2a平均产量为14 499 kg/hm2,比对照平均增产8.8％,最高产量达17 610 kg/hm2;2016-2017年参加山西省生产试验,产量为12 923.3 kg/hm2,较对照增产8.34％,而最高产量达16 830 kg/hm2.该品种具有品质优良、产量高、适应广、抗病性强、果穗大等特点,适宜在山西省中晚熟山区及华东华北同生态区种植.

以4个不同种皮(黑、黄)大豆品种为供试材料,用智能催芽机催芽、益生菌芽苗菜专用培养剂浸种、喷淋.结果表明,小黑豆生产的芽苗菜产量高、耐吃、入味、异香、品相好,具有明显的产量优势和产品优势;小黑豆生产芽苗菜最佳播种量为2.51～3.14 kg/m2;用小黑豆生产芽苗菜比黄豆生产成本减少1.25元/kg,纯利润增加10～12元/kg,经济效益显著;智能催芽机催芽比传统催芽法催芽,可大幅提高发芽率、整齐度和效率;用益生菌芽苗菜专用培养剂生产芽苗菜比用自然饮用水浸种喷淋生产芽苗菜有更好地抑制有害菌及提供养分的协同作用.

To evaluate the efficiency and potential development capacity of ultrasonic treatment for plant transformation, we started with the principle of ultrasonic-assisted plant transformation, summarized the validation of method, the receptor materials of ultrasonic treatment and the effects of ultrasonic treatment on exogenous DNA. Then, the research progresses in ultrasonic-assisted plant transformation were reviewed, and the advantages as well as disadvantages and existing problems of the method were discussed. Our results indicated that although the development of ultrasonic-assisted plant transformation was still in the primary stage, it demonstrated that the method was a simple, time-saving, labour-saving and widely applied plant transformation approach. Moreover, we proposed respective solution to the existing problems. Taken together, we consider that ultrasonic-assisted plant transformation method has broad development prospect.

Corn is an important food crop and corn acreage and production has a rapid increase in the country. New variety breeding plays an important role to improve farmers' income. However, limited by existing problems, the development of maize breeding fail to meet the needs of maize production in the country. This article, from the germplasm sources and breeding of maize germplasm base of maize breeding the status quo of China's maize breeding and the problems were analyzed, a clear breeding goals, emphasis applied basic research and new technologies active countermeasures to amplify germplasm resources were put forward.