To study the pharmacokinetics of prostaglandin F2α tromethamine in cows,18 healthy adult Holstein cows were divided into three groups injected with a single dose of injection of the drug 10,5,2.5 mL,respectively.ELISA was used to carry out the determination of serum drug concentration.The serum concentration-time data derived from experiments were analyzed by residual method based on statistical moment theory.The kinetics of prostaglandin F2α promethamine was fitted to one compartment model with first order.The main parameters of the high,medium and low groups were as follows:Ka (18.22±2.17),(15.30±0.64),(20.09±5.03) h-1;t1/2Ka (0.04±0.004),(0.05±0.002),(0.04±0.01) h;Ke (1.32±0.14),(1.27±0.12),(1.40±0.16) h-1;t1/2Ke(0.53±0.06),(0.55±0.05),(0.50±0.06) h;tmax 0.17 h;Cmax (6.34±0.59),(5.94±0.27),(4.81±0.16) μg/L;AUC0～t(14.40±2.19),(10.14± 1.07),(13.15±4.34) μg/(L· h).After treated with the prostaglandin F2α tromethamine,its concentration of the serum reached the Cmax at 10 min,and recovered at 100 min.According to the concentration-time data and clinical pharmacodynamics studies,it is proposed that a single dose of IM injection of the drug should be 5 mL(25 mg).

为了观察中兽药制剂丹参酮乳房注入剂对奶牛乳房炎的临床治疗效果,试验将甘肃某公司奶牛场的40头乳房炎奶牛随机分为丹参酮乳房注入剂高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组及双丁对照组,每组10头,每日乳室灌注2次(早晚各1次),连续灌注7d为一个疗程,进行乳样体细胞数(SCC)计数,并结合临床诊断结果以丹参酮乳房注入剂进行临床治疗.结果表明:奶牛连续灌注丹参酮乳房注入剂1个疗程之后,奶牛乳房炎的临床症状大部分消失,乳汁外观正常,产奶量恢复,体细胞数降至正常范围(50万个/mL以下).说明丹参酮乳房注入剂对奶牛乳房炎有很好的治疗效果,且效果明显优于双丁注射液.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of Tanshinone breast filler (TBF) against cow mastitis.TBF on bacterial activity in vitro by the method of Oxford cup and the mice were treated by TBF before given the mixed bacterial by intraperitoneal injection in vivo.The effect of TBF against acute inflammation was studied by xylene-induced ear edema and egg white-induced paw edema in mice.The activity of TBF against chronic inflammation was assessed by the cotton pellet.TBF significantly inhibited staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus dysgalactiae and escherichia coli in vitro and vivo.TBF showed significant activity against acute inflammation on ear edema induced by xylene and paw swelling induced by egg white in mice.In chronic inflammation, TBF inhibited significant effects on cotton-induced mice granuloma.In conclusion, TBF had obvious effect against acute inflammation and chronic inflammation in mice and suppressed pathogenic bacteria in vitro and vivo.

对内蒙古阿拉善左旗发生的以消瘦和高度营养不良为特征,当地俗称为“青干病”的绵羊进行了临床诊断、病理学检查、血液学和生化指标测定.剖检可见血液稀薄,心脏肿大,变软,消化道萎缩,部分黏膜脱落.组织病理学检查可见肾小管上皮细胞肿胀;肝细胞肿胀,组织间隙可见含铁血黄素沉积;心肌部分肌纤维萎缩;脾组织间隙可见含铁血黄素沉积.血液学检测结果显示,红细胞数、血红蛋白含量、红细胞压积显著降低;葡萄糖、总蛋白、白蛋白含量降低;谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、总胆红素、肌酐、尿素含量显著升高.结果表明,绵羊青干病是以机体极度消瘦、贫血、肝肾损伤和机能下降为主要特征的营养不良性疾病.

The pharmacodynamics of the Chinese herbal compound Rufangyan rehabilitation solution(Ruyankang)liniment(transdermal absorption)was studied to provide theoretical basis for clinical application.Through the tube double dilution method,Ruyankangminimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimal bactericidal concentration(MBC)against the main pathogenic bacteria(Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus agalactiae,Streptococcus dysgalactiae,Streptococcus uberis and Escherichia coli)were detected;the auricle swelling in mice induced by xylene was used to study on the anti-inflammatory activity;the acute toxicity of mice(LD50)and rabbit skin irritation experiments were used to test the safety ofRuyankang.In vitro test,it indicated thatRuyankangMIC against the five kinds of main pathogenic bacteria(Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus agalactiae,Streptococcus dysgalactiae,Streptococcus uberis and Escherichia coli),were 31.25g/L,15.63g/L,31.25g/L, 62.5g/L,31.25g/L,respectively,and the MBC were 31.25g/L,15.63g/L,62.5g/L,62.5g/L, 62.5g/L,respectively,so it showed the depressant effect to the five bacteria.The anti-inflammation test revealed that the inhibitory rates of the Aspirin group,the Ruyankang high,medial and low group were 40.65%,39.65%,51.75%and 39.07%.The result indicated that medium dose ofRuy-ankangcould significantly inhibit ear-swelling induced by xylene in mice(P0.05).Through the acute toxicity test that the LD50was 44 005mg/kg and the skin irritancy test indicated it had no toxicity and irritation.The bacteriostasis,bactericidal effect and the anti-inflammation activity ofRuyankangare remarkable,and it belongs to the non-toxic,no stimulation drug.

利用正交试验设计,筛选、优化处方和工艺,制备阿维菌素纳米脂质体,并考察其稳定性.采用改良薄膜分散法制备阿维菌素纳米脂质体(AVMNL),用透射电镜、激光粒度分布仪等对其理化性质进行研究.用紫外可见分光光度法测定AVMNL中AVM(阿维菌素)的质量浓度,并通过热稳定试验和光照试验考察其稳定性.结果显示,制备方法的最佳处方工艺组合为卵磷脂与胆固醇,其质量比为9∶1,AVM与磷脂质量比为1∶10,缓冲液PBS的pH为7.0,超声裂解时间为5 min,蒸发温度为40℃,冻融3次.AVMNL是乳白色均一稳定的牛奶状液体,其平均粒径为198.2 nm.AVMNL在不同温度下放置0、5、10d后,无分层、沉淀现象发生,色泽均呈乳白色,包封率和药物质量浓度均未发生明显变化.3批AVMNL在光照度为(4 500±500)lx、2.0～5.0℃放置0、5、10d后,其外观未发生明显变化,为乳状均一的液体,无絮凝、药物析出现象,但药物的包封率和质量浓度有所降低.制备的纳米脂质体符合要求,粒径分布范围窄,且比较均匀,对热稳定,对光的稳定性较差,应避光保存.

大熊猫由于食性极为特化，生育能力低下，分布区域相对狭窄，对生存环境的要求苛刻，对疾病的抵抗能力较弱，是我国特有的濒危物种。本文通过综述大熊猫的生存现状，以及大熊猫在临床上常见的寄生虫性疾病、细菌性疾病、病毒性疾病特征，阐述大熊猫在疾病防控方面的措施，从而为大熊猫疾病的防治提供参考。

Pharmacokinetics in goats was studied after subcustaneous avermectin nanometre liposome injec-tion.The avermectin nanometre liposomes concentration in serum was determined by HPLC after extracted from serum by ethyl acetate several times and evaporated through nitrogen stream.The pharmacokinetic characteristics of avermectin in goats were fitted with classic absorbable one-compartment model.Main pharmacokinetic parameters were as followings:absorption half time t1/2Ka=0.24±0.03 d,elimination half time t1/2Ke=6.74±0.80 d,the highest drug concentration in serum Cm= 60.76 ± 5.62 ng/mL,area under the concentration time curve AUC = 664.35 ± 28.14 ng/mL)·d,peak time Tp=1.20±0.08 d.The re-sult showed that effective time of avermectin maintained was more than 30 days.As a result,the release effect of avermectin nanometre liposome was determined,which can be used as long-acting formulations of avermectin in further study.