OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine Jiawei Simiao Yongan granules (, JWSMYAG) in the treatment of non-infectious anterior uveitis (NIAU). METHODS:We conducted a single-center, randomized, open-labeled clinical trial in adults with NIAU. Patients received standard treatment or a combination of JWSMYAG (twice daily) for three months, with a 3-month withdrawal period for observation. The primary endpoint was the recurrence rate within six months. RESULTS:A total of 98 patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis, including 49 patients in the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) group and 49 patients in the control group. Compared with the control group, the number of relapses was significantly lower in the TCM group [24.5% vs6.1%, P = 0.0224; Hazard Ratio = 0.208, 95% Confidence Interval (0.059, 0.737)]; in addition, patients in the TCM group had lower symptom scores of eye pain, insomnia, and bitter taste within two weeks (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the difference in best corrected visual acuity change over six months, the number of intraocular pressure elevations > 10 mm Hg, the scoring of anterior chamber cells, the number of patients with keratic precipitates (+) after 1/2 weeks of treatment, and the scores of conjunctival hyperemia, headache, photophobia, and lacrimation. The difference in the number of adverse events between the two groups over six months was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION:JWSMYAG can reduce the recurrence rate of NIAU, alleviate ocular pain, insomnia, and bitter taste symptoms in patients with NIAU, and have a favorable safety profile.

Objective:To observe the effect of the direct stimulation of acupuncture at extraocular muscle attachment point on acquired extraocular muscle palsy. Methods:Thirteen patients with acquired extraocular muscle palsy were treated with acupuncture directly at extraocular muscle (paralytic muscle) attachment point. Firstly, the intraocular conjunctival sac drops of topical anesthetic (procaine hydrochloride eye drops) were administered, 0.2 mL each time, once every 10 minutes, for a total of 3 times. Acupuncture was delivered immediately after the third drop. The sterile acupuncture needle for single use, 0.25 mm×25 mm, was inserted at the anatomical location of the corneal limbal attachment of paralytic extraocular muscle, with an angle of 10° to 15° formed between the needle tip and extraocular muscle, and a depth of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm. Pivoted by the needle tip, the eyeball was moved passively towards the direction of normal action of orbital muscle, 30 to 50 times until the patient felt soreness of the eyeball; afterwards, the needle was removed. After acupuncture, levofloxacin eye drops were administered once (0.2 mL) at the affected eye. The treatment was given twice a week, and completed when diplopia disappeared. Before and after treatment, the diplopia and the synoptophore circumference were observed respectively. Results:After 7 to 24 (15.46±5.56) times of direct stimulation with acupuncture at extraocular muscle attachment point, the symptoms of diplopia disappeared in 13 patients, the eye position restored to orthophoria, and the circumference of synoptophore was reduced to be (4.04±0.82)° from (19.38±3.98)° detected before treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture directly at extraocular muscle attachment can attenuate diplopia and improve ocular muscle function in patients with acquired extraocular muscle palsy.

Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 1 (CDKL1) is a member of the cell division control protein 2-related serine–threonine protein kinase family. It is known to occur in various malignant tumors, but its role in neuroblastoma (NB) remains unclear. We constructed a CDKL1-silenced NB cell strain (SH-SY5Y) and used real-time PCR and western blotting to confirm the silencing. Functional analyses were performed using the MTT, colony-formation, FACS, wound-healing and transwell invasion assays. The expression of CDKL1 was significantly upregulated in NB tissue as compared to the adjacent normal tissue. CDKL1 knockdown significantly suppressed cell viability and colony formation ability. It also induced cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis, and suppressed the migration and invasion ability of SH-SY5Y cells. CDKL1 knockdown decreased the CDK4, cyclin D1 and vimentin expression levels, and increased the caspase-3, PARP and E-cadherin expression levels in SH-SY5Y cells. Our findings suggest that CDKL1 plays an important role in NB cell proliferation, migration and invasion. It might serve as a potential target for NB therapy.

Introduction: This study aimed to explore the effect and molecular mechanism of Tetrandrine (Tet) onlipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induceduveitis andoptic nerve injury in vivo and in vitro. Methods: Uveitis was induced by LPS injected into the hindlimb foot pad of Wistar rats and was intervened by retroeyeball injection of Tet (100 nM, 1 μM or 10 μM).The anterior segment inflammation was observed by slit lamp. Tunelassay was used to detect the survival state of ganglion cells and nuclear layers of inner and outer. The detection of characteristic markers in different activation states of glial cells were performed by qualitative and quantitative test of immunofluorescence and western blotting. Also, western blotting was used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors in retina and the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signal pathway. Meanwhile, routine blood test and function of liver and renal were performed. Results: The ciliary hyperemia was obvious, and the iris vessels were dilated and tortuous in rats with LPS-induced uveitis. Tet-pretreated obviously elieved these symptoms. In addition, the dilation and hyperemia in Tet group were alleviated compared with LPS group, and the inflammatory scores in Tetgroup were significantly lower than those of LPS group. TUNEL Staining showed that the number ofretinal ganglion cell (RGCs) in Tetgroup was slightly less than that in normal group, but significantly more than that in LPS group, and the cells arranged orderly. Besides, the number of apoptotic cells was significantly less than that in LPS group. Tet reduced LPS-activated gliocyte in a dose-dependent manner. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, interferon gamma (γ-IFN) and IL-2 in retina were increased by LPS but decreased significantly viaTet-pretreatment. Moreover, LPS activate NF-κB signal pathway, while Tet efficiently inhibited this effect.Furthermore, injection of Tet did not damage theroutineblood, liver and kidney. Conclusions: Retrobulbar injection of Tet significantly alleviatedLPS-induced uveitisand optic nerve injuryof rats by activating gliocyte and NF-κB signaling pathway.

AIM:To investigate the mechanism of curcumin inhibiting the choroidal neovascularization(CNV)of brown Norway(BN)rats.METHODS: CNV model of 36 BN rats was established through laser photocoagulation induction, and they were divided into 6 groups with 6 rats in each group. Normal group was fed normally with no intervention, while 532nm laser photocoagulation was used to establish a experimental CNV model in BN rats. Rats after modeling were respectively intervened for 14d and divided into model group, ranibizumab group, curcumin low [100mg/(kg·d)], medium [200mg/(kg·d)], and high [400mg/(kg·d)] dose group. The model group was given intragastric administration of saline for 14d, ranibizumab(10mg/mL, 0.2mL/dose)was injected at 2d after photocoagulation with 5μL once for rats in ranibizumab group, and different concentrations of curcumin were intragastrically administrated to the rats in low, medium and high groups for 14d. Fundus photography, fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)and indocyanine green angiography(ICGA)examination were performed at 14d after photocoagulation. Ocular histopathological specimens of rats with CNV were made, and the central thickness of CNV were observed by HE staining. Ocular histopathological specimens were made, and the expressions of AKT/p-AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway-related proteins were observed by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA relative expressions of AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF factor in CNV tissues were detected by RT-qPCR, and the protein expressions of AKT/p-AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF factor in CNV tissues were detected by Western-blot.RESULTS: CNV generation rates in the model group, the ranibizumab group, and the low, medium and high-dose curcumin groups were 78.18%, 73.21%, 77.19%, 75.86%, 74.55%, respectively, which were higher than 70%. The average absorbance were 182.12±6.59, 119.22±8.03, 166.45±8.33, 164.34±5.69, 149.22±6.45, respectively; the ranibizumab group was significantly lower than the model group(P<0.05); the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups were significantly higher than the ranibizumab group(P<0.05), and the curcumin high-dose group was significantly lower than the model group(P<0.05). HE staining showed that the retinal tissue structure of BN rats in normal group was clear and neatly arranged. The central thickness of CNV in the ranibizumab group was significantly reduced at 14d after photocoagulation compared with the model group(P<0.05); While the curcumin high-dose group was significantly reduced compared with the model group(P<0.05), but increased when compared with ranibizumab group(P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry results showed that AKT, p-AKT, HIF-1α, and VEGF factors were negatively expressed in the retinal tissue structure of BN rats in the normal group, and no brown-yellow reactants were found. The expression of AKT, p-AKT, HIF-1α, and VEGF factors in the model group were higher than that in the normal group at 14d after photocoagulation(P<0.05); the ranibizumab group was lower than the model group(P<0.05). While the expression of the curcumin high-dose group was significantly decreased compared with the model group(P<0.05), but significantly increased when compared with ranibizumab group(P<0.05). The mRNA results showed that the relative expression levels of AKT, HIF-1α and VEGF mRNA in the model group at 14d after photocoagulation were higher than those of the normal group(P<0.05); the ranibizumab group was lower than the model group(P<0.05). While curcumin high-dose group was significantly decreased compared with the model group(P<0.05), but significantly increased when compared with ranibizumab group(P<0.05). Western-blot results showed that there was no significant difference in the relative expression of AKT protein among each experimental groups at 14d after photocoagulation. The relative expression of p-AKT protein in the model group was significantly higher than that in the normal group(P<0.05); the ranibizumab group was significantly lower than the model group(P<0.05); the curcumin high-dose group was significantly lower than the model group(P<0.05). The relative expression levels of HIF-1α protein were significantly higher in the model group than in the normal group(P<0.05), and the ranibizumab group was lower than in the model group(P<0.05). The relative expression levels of HIF-1α protein was lower in the curcumin high-dose group than in the model group(P<0.05)but higher than ranibizumab group(P<0.05). The relative expression level of VEGF protein was significantly lower in the curcumin medium/high-dose group than in the model group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Curcumin at 400mg/(kg·d)has an inhibitory effect on CNV in BN rats. The mechanism may be closely related to inhibiting the activation of AKT/p-AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathways.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture for glaucoma-induced optic atrophy. METHODS:A total of 70 patients (89 affected eyes) with glaucoma-induced optic atrophy were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 35 cases in each group. The control group was given basic western medicine treatment. In the observation group, on the basis of the treatment in the control group, acupuncture was applied at main acupoints i.e. Baihui (GV 20), Shangjingming (Extra), Chengqi (ST 1), Fengchi (GB 20), Zusanli (ST 36), combined with supplementary acupoints based on syndrome differentiation, once every three days, twice a week. The treatment for 3 months was required in both groups. Before treatment, after treatment and in follow-up of 6 months after treatment, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), indexes of visual field (visual field index [VFI], mean deviation [MD], pattern standard deviation [PSD]) and mean thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) were observed in the two groups. RESULTS:Compared before treatment, BCVA was decreased after treatment and in follow-up in the control group (P<0.05); in the follow-up, BCVA in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). On each time point before and after treatment, there was no significant difference within or between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment and in the follow-up, the mean thickness of RNFL was larger than the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:On the basis of the basic western medicine treatment, acupuncture can delay the decline of vision and the thinning of retinal nerve fiber layer in patients with glaucoma-induced optic atrophy.

AIM: To investigate the effect and mechanism of curcumin on inhibiting choroidal neovascularization(CNV)in vitro. METHODS: Human retinal pigment epithelial(ARPE-19)cells chemical hypoxia model was established by cobalt chloride(CoCl2). CCK-8 method was used to detect the effect of curcumin on the activity of ARPE-19 cells induced by CoCl2. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of AKT, HIF-1α, VEGF mRNA and protein in ARPE-19 cells hypoxia model induced by CoCl2. Cell scratch test, transwell chamber migration test, transwell chamber invasion test and matrigel matrix hose lumen formation test were used to observe the effects of conditioned medium of curcumin in ARPE-19 cells on the proliferation, migration, invasion and lumen formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC)in non-contact condition. RESULTS:Chemical hypoxia model of ARPE-19 cells can successfully establish by CoCl2 at 100μmol/L. CoCl2 at the final concentration of 100μmol/L can promote the expression of AKT, HIF-1α and VEGF mRNA and p-AKT, HIF-1α and VEGF protein in ARPE-19 cells. Curcumin at the final concentration of 100μmol/L can reduce the expression of AKT, HIF-1α and VEGF mRNA in ARPE-19 hypoxia model. Curcumin at the final concentration of 100μmol/L can reduce the expression of AKT, HIF -1α and VEGF proteins in ARPE-19 hypoxia model. The conditioned medium of low(6.25μmol/L), medium(25μmol/L)and high dose(100μmol/L)curcumin in ARPE-19 cells can significantly inhibit the level migration of HUVEC. The conditioned medium in high dose group can significantly inhibit the vertical migration and cell invasion of HUVEC. The conditioned medium of middle and high dose curcumin in ARPE-19 cells can inhibit the lumen formation of HUVEC. CONCLUSION:Curcumin at 100μmol/L can protect ARPE-19 cells from hypoxia induced by CoCl2. Curcumin can inhibit the formation of blood vessels at the cellular level.

脉络膜新生血管(CNV)是多种眼底疾病共同的病理表现,建立成模率高、重复性好、成本低的CNV动物模型对于深入研究CNV的发病机制、病理改变及临床治疗等具有重要意义.目前常用的CNV动物模型的建模方法有激光诱导、视网膜下注射生长因子诱导及基因诱导等;评价方法主要有眼底荧光血管造影、吲哚菁绿血管造影、苏木精-伊红染色、免疫组织化学染色及脉络膜血管铺片等;其中以激光诱导的CNV动物模型应用最为广泛,选择合适的造模参数尤为关键.现将各建模方法及成模评价方法综述如下.

目的 观察加减驻景方对CNV动物模型缺氧信号因子表达的影响.方法 氪激光诱导BN大鼠建立CNV动物模型,造模后大鼠被随机分为模型组、中药组、西药组和联合组.模型组大鼠用生理盐水灌胃,中药组用加减驻景方灌胃,西药组用玻璃体腔注射康柏西普,联合组用加减驻景方灌胃+玻璃体腔注射康柏西普.光凝后7 d、14 d、21 d处死大鼠取材,通过免疫组织化学法、实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)和蛋白免疫印迹(Western blotting)技术检测CNV组织中AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路mRNA和蛋白的相对表达量.结果(1)免疫组化:模型组和各治疗组AKT、mTOR、HIF-1α、VEGF蛋白表达均呈阳性,随光凝时间延长,各治疗组目的蛋白表达量均低于模型组(P<0.05).(2)RT-qPCR:模型组与各治疗组各目的基因mRNA相对表达量较空白组均显著增多(P<0.05).除mTOR以外,各治疗组目的基因mRNA相对表达量均低于模型组(P<0.05).各治疗组AKT、mTOR、VEGF mRNA相对表达量由高到低依次为中药组、西药组和联合组(P<0.05).中药组HIF-1αmRNA相对表达量高于西药组和联合组(P<0.05),西药组和联合组之间比较无统计学意义(P>0.05).(3)Western blotting:模型组与各治疗组目的蛋白相对表达量,较空白组均显著增多(P<0.05),除AKT蛋白以外,各治疗组目的蛋白相对表达量均低于模型组(P<0.05).AKT和HIF-1α蛋白相对表达量中药组高于西药组和联合组(P<0.05).mTOR与VEGF蛋白相对表达量由高到低依次为中药组、西药组和联合组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路的激活促进了CNV的生成,加减驻景方可通过抑制AKT/mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路活性,发挥抑制CNV的作用,联合组作用最强.

目的 观察中药单体丹参酮ⅡA对脉络膜新生血管(CNV)动物模型中HIF-1α和VEGF表达的影响,探讨丹参酮ⅡA对CNV的干预作用及其机制.方法 将7～8周龄雄性BN大鼠60只随机分为空白对照组(A组)、模型对照组(B组)、雷珠单抗组(C组)、丹参酮ⅡA低剂量组(D组)、丹参酮ⅡA中剂量组(E组)、丹参酮ⅡA高剂量组(F组)各10只.给药后第7、14、21 d行右眼底照相、荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)检查、脉络膜血管造影(ICGA)检查.RT-qPCR法检测HIF-1α和VEGF的表达情况.结果 (1)CNV形成率:7 d时CNV形成率增高,14 d时CNV形成率达高峰值,21 d趋向稳定.各时间点各组CNV形成率均达到56.7％以上.(2)荧光素渗漏平均光密度:14 d时各组荧光素渗漏平均光密度比较(F=47.894 P=0.000);雷珠单抗组和丹参酮3个剂量组均较模型组降低,均有统计学意义(P<0.05);丹参酮3个剂量组间两两比较无统计学意义(P>0.05).(3)VEGF表达:7 d时,除模型组外,雷珠单抗组和丹参酮各组均能对VEGF产生抑制作用(F=40.775 P=0.000),且雷珠单抗组抑制VEGF作用最强,与模型组(t=16.720,P=0.000)、丹参酮低剂量(t=3.440,P=0.026)、中剂量(t=23.518,P=0.025)、高剂量(t=5.621,P=0.005)比较,均有统计学意义;丹参酮各组间两两比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),VEGF蛋白表达量并不随丹参酮浓度升高而呈现剂量依赖性.(4)HIF-1α表达:各组间HIF-1αmRNA比较(F7 d=19.544,P=0.000、F14d=221.593、F21d=67.754,均P=0.000);各组间HIF-1αmRNA相对表达量趋势相似.结论 丹参酮ⅡA可降低CNV动物模型眼脉络膜视网膜中HIF-1α和VEGF的表达,抑制由半导体激光光凝而产生的实验性CNV.

Objective:To study the mechanism of the effect of Jiajian-Zhujing Decoction on the expression of VEGF on ARPE-19 cells after AKT transfection. Methods:To prepare the serum and blank serum of Jiajian-Zhujing Decoction and divide ARPE-19 cells into the normal group, model group, blank serum group, medicated serum group, Conbercept group and combined group. Except normal group, this research established AKT transfected cell model. Then cultured the normal group and model group with conventional method, and the blank serum group was cultured with 10% blank serum, the medicated serum group was cultured with 10% medicated serum, the Conbercept group was cultured with 20 μg/ml Conbercept, the combined group was cultured with 10% medicated serum and 20 μg/m Conbercept. The proliferation of ARPE-19 cells in each group was detect by the CCK-8 method. The levels of AKT, mTOR and VEGF mRNA were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Western blot was used to detect the expression of AKT, mTOR and VEGF. Results:After being cultured for 24, 48 and 72 hours, compared with the model group, the cell proliferation rate in blank serum group, medicated serum group, Conbercept group and combined group significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the expression of AKT mRNA (24 h: 3.10 ± 0.48, 1.97 ± 0.14, 1.26 ± 0.24 vs. 4.77 ± 0.68; 48 h: 3.52 ± 0.82, 2.62 ± 0.77, 1.10 ± 0.19 vs. 6.12 ± 1.21), mTOR mRNA (24 h: 3.02 ± 0.26, 2.45 ± 0.75, 1.13 ± 0.15 vs. 4.48 ± 0.80; 48 h: 1.29 ± 0.30, 1.30 ± 0.57, 0.65 ± 0.19 vs. 2.54 ± 0.62), VEGF mRNA (24 h: 3.33 ± 0.62, 2.18 ± 0.20, 1.55 ± 0.28 vs. 5.53 ± 1.02; 48 h: 2.35 ± 0.54, 1.23 ± 0.28, 0.93 ± 0.25 vs. 3.59 ± 0.40), AKT protion (24 h: 0.45 ± 0.09, 0.25 ± 0.05, 0.14 ± 0.04 vs. 0.62 ± 0.04; 48 h: 0.36 ± 0.06, 0.23 ± 0.04, 0.14 ± 0.03 vs. 0.54 ± 0.08), mTOR protion (24 h: 0.35 ± 0.05, 0.24 ± 0.02, 0.18 ± 0.02 vs. 0.52 ± 0.09; 48 h: 0.23 ± 0.04, 0.29 ± 0.04, 0.14 ± 0.03 vs. 0.40 ± 0.10), VEGF protion (24 h: 0.14 ± 0.03, 0.33 ± 0.04, 0.24 ± 0.03 vs. 0.54 ± 0.10; 48 h: 0.24 ± 0.03, 0.17 ± 0.02, 0.11 ± 0.02 vs. 0.42 ± 0.10) significantly decreased ( P<0.05), and the combined group was significantly lower than that of the Conbercept group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:AKT transfection can promote the proliferation of ARPE-19 cells, and Jiajian-Zhujing Decoction can significantly inhibit this proliferation. Jiajian-Zhujing Decoction may inhibit the activity of AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to reduce the expression of VEGF.

目的 观察中药加减驻景方对实验性CNV的干预作用.方法 通过659 nm氪激光诱导BN大鼠建立CNV动物模型.造模后大鼠被随机分为4组:模型组、中药组、西药组和联合组.模型组大鼠用生理盐水灌胃,中药组用加减驻景方灌胃治疗,西药组用玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗,联合组用玻璃体腔注射康柏西普和加减驻景方灌胃治疗.分别于光凝后7 d、14 d、21 d,进行FFA与ICGA检查.检查后每组处死6只大鼠制作病理学标本,通过HE染色观察CNV变化.结果 (1)CNV发生率:光凝后7 d、14 d、21 d,模型组与各治疗组CNV形成率均达70％以上,各组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).(2)FFA荧光素渗漏:模型组在光凝后14 d时最强,随后变化不明显,各治疗组FFA荧光素渗漏在光凝后7 d时最强,随后变化不明显,有荧光渗漏的光凝斑在ICGA呈充盈状态.光凝后7 d,中药组与模型组荧光素渗漏强度较高,西药组次之,联合组渗漏程度最轻,比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05).14 d与21 d时,各治疗组荧光素渗漏强度均弱于模型组,治疗组中,中药组渗漏强度最强,西药组次之,联合组渗漏强度最弱,比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05).(3)CNV中央厚度:随光凝后时间推移,模型组和各治疗组CNV中央厚度逐渐增加,光凝后7 d,西药组和联合组CNV中央厚度均显著低于模型组和中药组(P<0.05).光凝后14 d与21 d时,各治疗组CNV中央厚度均低于模型组,其中,中药组CNV中央厚度最厚,西药组次之,联合组最低,比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 加减驻景方可以降低实验性CNV荧光素钠渗漏强度、抑制CNV中央厚度增加,加减驻景方联合康柏西普抑制实验性CNV生长的作用最强.

目的 观察加减驻景方对实验性CNV动物模型炎症信号因子表达的影响.方法 氪激光诱导BN大鼠建立CNV动物模型,造模后大鼠被随机分为4组:模型组、中药组、西药组和联合组.模型组大鼠用生理盐水灌胃,中药组用加减驻景方灌胃,西药组玻璃体腔注射康柏西普,联合组用加减驻景方灌胃和玻璃体腔注射康柏西普.光凝后7 d、14 d、21 d处死大鼠取材,通过免疫组织化学法、RT-qPCR和Western blotting技术检测CNV组织中TLR-4、NF-κB、IL-6 mRNA和蛋白的相对表达量.结果 (1)免疫组化:模型组和各治疗组TLR-4、NF-κB、IL-6蛋白表达均呈阳性,随光凝时间延长,各治疗组目的蛋白表达量均低于模型组,治疗组中西药组表达量最高,中药组次之,联合组最低(P<0.05).(2)RT-qPCR:模型组与各治疗组各目的基因mRNA相对表达量较空白组均显著增多(P<0.05).各治疗组目的基因mRNA相对表达量均低于模型组(P<0.05).治疗组NF-κB mRNA相对表达量由高到低依次为中药组、西药组和联合组(P<0.05).TLR-4 mRNA相对表达量联合组最低(P<0.05),西药组与中药组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05).IL-6 mRNA相对表达量中药组最低(P<0.05),西药组与联合组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05).(3)Western blotting:模型组与各治疗组目的蛋白相对表达量较空白组均显著增多(P<0.05).各治疗组目的蛋白相对表达量均低于模型组(P<0.05).西药组TLR-4蛋白相对表达量高于中药组和联合组(P<0.05).中药组NF-κB蛋白相对表达量高于西药组和联合组(P<0.05).中药组IL-6蛋白相对表达量低于西药组与联合组(P<0.05).均有统计学意义.结论 TLR-4/NF-κB/IL-6信号通路的激活促进了CNV的生成,加减驻景方通过抑制TLR-4/NF-κB/IL-6信号通路活性,发挥抑制CNV的作用.

"肝开窍于目"是中医学"藏窍理论"经典论述之一,反映了藏象之肝与目窍的密切关系,也是中医学最具影响的理论学说之一.该理论学说首见于《素问·金匮真言论》,其理论内涵可概括为目为肝窍、肝血养目、肝气通目、肝经循目、肝体柔目.肝为五脏之一,主疏泄、主藏血,在体合筋,在窍为目;目属五官之一,主司视觉,通过经络与五脏六腑相连.十二经脉中,唯有足厥阴肝经以本经上连目系,临床上可通过目病推测肝脏气血阴阳的变化.从肝论治是指导中医眼科医家临床诊治目病的重要学术思想,历代医家尤为推崇.本文就"肝开窍于目"的理论内涵及其临床应用作一粗浅探析,以资学习与临证之参考.

目的 探讨中药单体人参皂苷Rg3对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)刺激下的猴脉络膜-视网膜内皮细胞(RF/6A)增殖与迁移能力的影响.方法 利用不同浓度VEGF分别在不同时间干预刺激RF/6A细胞,采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖情况,筛选VEGF最佳干预浓度及干预时间;应用不同浓度康柏西普干预VEGF刺激下的RF/6A细胞,观察筛选康柏西普最强作用浓度;应用低、中、高浓度人参皂苷Rg3和康柏西普干预VEGF刺激下的RF/6A细胞,采用CCK-8法检测各干预对细胞增殖的影响;采用细胞划痕实验检测人参皂苷Rg3和康柏西普对VEGF刺激下RF/6A细胞迁移能力的影响.结果 CCK-8法检测结果显示,不同时间点,不同浓度VEGF刺激培养对细胞的增殖影响不同,其中,50ng/mLVEGF刺激RF/6A细胞48 h后,细胞增殖率最大;不同浓度康柏西普干预结果显示,0.5 μg/mL即能有效抑制VEGF刺激下RF/6A细胞的增殖(t=-3.147,P=0.035);低、中、高浓度人参皂苷Rg3及康柏西普组均能抑制VEGF诱导的RF/6A细胞增殖(F=26.546,P=0.000),其中,康柏西普组抑制作用强于人参皂苷Rg3各浓度组.细胞划痕实验各组的迁移率比较,干预培养24h后,联合组对细胞移行的抑制作用强于人参皂苷Rg3组(t=4.639,P=0.010),康柏西普组的抑制作用亦强于人参皂苷Rg3组(t=4.350,P=0.012),而两组间比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05);继续培养至48h,康柏西普和人参皂苷Rg3组均能抑制细胞迁移,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),均低于联合组(t=8.543,P=0.001;t=3.067,P=0.037).结论 VEGF能够促进RF/6A细胞的增殖和迁移,中药单体人参皂苷Rg3和康柏西普均具有抑制这一增殖和迁移的作用,且联合应用抑制作用最强.

仙方活命饮为外科常用方剂,文献报道主要用于疮疡科,如肠痈、乳痈、肛痈、肺痈、牙龈肿痛、痤疮、带状疱疹、盆腔炎及脉管炎等,用于眼科的报道非常少.但是我们在临床上发现,仙方活命饮治疗眼科疾病,尤其是眼表相关疾病,如睑腺炎、睑板腺囊肿、结膜炎以及部分干眼,均可以取得良好的效果,现介绍如下.

冰片在眼科及其他各科应用广泛,文章从以下五个方面进行论述:①冰片的临床应用广泛,尤其是在眼科疾病方面;②关于冰片的寒热属性,各家论述不同;③冰片在眼科应用,应当注意辨证选择;④结合现代研究,可以提高冰片的治疗效果;⑤冰片虽是好药,但临床也要避免滥用.从不同角度论述了冰片在眼科的传统应用以及现代新用,希望能引起眼科同道对冰片临床应用的重视和更加深入的研究.

姜黄素是中药姜黄的主要成分之一,其在抗新生血管生成方面具有显著作用,本文概括了姜黄素抗新生血管作用的研究进展及相关机制,主要有抑制血管内皮细胞增殖、黏附及迁移,促进血管内皮细胞凋亡,抑制促血管生成因子的表达,同时总结了其在眼科新生血管类疾病的研究应用,为今后更好的应用于眼科相关疾病奠定基础.

目的 综述有关中药单体抑制眼新生血管的最新进展,为临床治疗眼新生血管性疾病提供参考.方法 以“眼科”“新生血管”“中药单体”“单体化合物”“天然中药单体”“ophthalmology” “neovascularization”“monomer”“Traditional Chinese medicine”等为检索关键词,组合检索2006～2018年万方数据、中国知网、PubMed等数据库中收录的相关文献,就中药单体对眼内新生血管的治疗作用进行归纳和总结.结果 共检索到相关文献170篇,其中有效文献65篇.体内实验研究主要以抑制碱烧伤角膜新生血管、氧诱导的视网膜新生血管、激光诱导的脉络膜新生血管为主,体外实验主要以抑制猴脉络膜-视网膜内皮细胞(RF/6A)、人脐静脉内皮细胞和视网膜微血管内皮细胞的增殖、移行和成管为主,并探索可能的作用机制.结论 中药单体作为探索潜在的抗血管生成药物,为眼部新生血管性疾病的研究及治疗提供了新思路,对于研发新剂型的抑制眼血管新生的药物具有重要的意义.