目的 对苏州市姑苏区2013年居民恶性肿瘤死亡资料进行分析,为防治恶性肿瘤提供基础信息,并为当地政府科学决策提供有力依据.方法 采用国际疾病分类ICD-10进行编码,采用EXCEL软件进行统计分析.结果 恶性肿瘤前5位死因依次为肺癌、胃癌、肠癌、肝癌、胰腺癌,占恶性肿瘤死因的68.6％,其中肺癌占25.81％、胃癌占14.38％、肠癌占11.03％、肝癌10.80％、胰腺癌占6.59％.男性的恶性肿瘤死亡率高于女性,是其1.75倍.恶性肿瘤的死亡率随年龄的增长而增高.结论 恶性肿瘤已成为姑苏区死亡谱第2大死因,加大高危人群筛查和十预力度成为公共卫生重中之重.

Objective To investigate the adverse effect of long-term exposure of radon and its daughter on lung and tracheal-bronchial epithelial cells and to clarify the mechanism of radiation damage in terms of miR-34a in rats exposed to different cumulative doses.Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to radon and its daughter for cumulative doses up to 90 and 120 work level month.The tracheal-bronchial epithelial cells were segregated.Lung tissues were collected for pathological examination.The miR-34a expression was detected by quantitative real-time PCR.Results A series of pathological alterations including hyperemia and edema in the alveolus,emphysema,infiltration of acute or chronic inflammatory cell and alveolar septum fracture fusion were observed compared to the control group.It showed that the survival rate of tracheal-bronchial epithelial cells in 90 WLM group was significantly dropped to 73.2% compared to the control group.In 120 WLM group,it dropped to 60.2%.The colony formation efficiencies of tracheal-bronchial epithelial cells decreased to 74.3% and 61.9% respectively in 90 WLM group and 120 WLM group.The miR-34a expressions(7.04,6.26)were increased in exposed group compared to the control group(6.03).Conclusions Long-term inhalation of radon and its daughter into rats can cause pulmonary pathological damage and lower the survival rate and colony formation efficiency of tracheal-bronchial epithelial cells.MiR-34a may participate in the development of radiation injury of pulmonary tissues.

To investigate the impact of ionizing radiation on the immune system,healthy C57BL/6J mice were irradiated at a dosage of 8 Gy to establish an acute radiation injury model.The survive curve was drawn,and the femurs,the peripheral blood,the thymus and the spleen were obtained at different time points after irradiation.The organ coefficient and the pathology of the spleen and the thymus were examined,the number of hematopoietic stem cells and white blood cells in the bone marrow were determined,and the number of blood cells and levels of GM-CSF and TNF-α in the serum were detected.The results showed that the hematopoietic stem cells and white blood cells in the bone marrow on day 3.5 after irradiation were decreased(P0.05).The number of white blood cells and platelets in peripheral blood are decreased dramatically soon after irradiation(P0.05).Different populations of immune cells in the spleen and the thymus showed obvious differences in sensitivity to radiation with lymphocytesmonocytes,B lymphocytesT cellsNK cells,CD4+ T cellsCD8+ T cells and DCM.The above results show,in addition to the bone marrow,other organs and cells of the immune system are very sensitive to radiation also.So difference in the sensitivity to radiation among various subsets of immune cells may be the main cause of radiation-induced immune disorders and related pathological injuries.

miR-34a resides in the region of chromosome 1p36.23,which regulate a plethora of target genes.Ectopic miR-34a expression can induce apoptosis,cell cycle arrest and differentiation,meanwhile reduce migration of tumour cell which known as tumour inhibiting factor.p53 was shown a capability of activating miR-34a expression and miR-34a was also shown a feedback regulation to p53 gene in reverse.Ectopic expression of miR-34a induced by ionizing radiation plays an important role in DNA damage repair,apoptosis,cell cycle and cellular radiation sensitivity.This article reviews the progress in produce of miR-34a during ionizing radiation and its participation in biological response and relative mechanism in control.