Objective:To explore the influencing factors of chronic renal allograft dysfunction (CRAD) after renal transplantation.Methods:The clinical data of 1 457 renal transplant recipients who underwent renal transplantation between January 2008 and December 2018 in the First Hospital of Jilin University were retrospective analyzed. The recipients were divided into CRAD group and control group according to whether or not the recipient with CRAD after renal transplantation. The clinical data including sex, age, body mass index (BMI) before transplantation, protopathy, dialysis before transplantation, type of kidney donor, immunity induction and immunosuppressant regiments. Group t test was used to compare the age and BMI of recipients before transplantation between CRAD group and control group. Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method were used to compare the sex, protopathy, preoperative dialysis form, type of kidney donor, immunity induction and immunosuppressant protocols between the two groups. The variables with statistical difference in univariate analysis were included in Logistic regression for multivariate analysis. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The occurrence rate of CRAD was 4.19%(61/1 457). Among 61 recipients with CRAD 59 recipients received dialysis again after transplantation, and 2 recipients died of interstitial lung disease at 8 and 10 months postoperatively, respectively. The rest recipients (n=1396) were all survived with transplant kidneys. The age, preoperative BMI, preoperative dialysis form, immune induction protocol between of recipients between the two groups had significant difference (t=-2.835 and -2.722, χ2=29.400, 18.310 and 27.250, all P<0.05). Logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that age, BMI, preoperative dialysis form and immune induction protocol of recipients were independent risk factors for CRAD (all P<0.05).Conclusions:Stricter control of age and BMI of renal transplant recipients, early renal transplantation and immunity induction are beneficial to reduce the occurrence of CRAD and prolong the survival time of transplant kidnay.

正>亲属肾移植手术中,因左肾静脉较长,术中易与髂外静脉行端侧吻合,同时左侧肾蒂容易暴露,便于夹闭左侧肾动脉近心端,因此左肾常常成为供肾的首选。本文回顾性分析我院2012年1月至2019年9月63例右侧供肾的原因,为亲属肾移植右侧供肾的选取提供临床依据。1资料与方法1.1一般资料63例亲属供肾者,男性25例,女性38例,年龄21-64岁,平均年龄50.7岁,平均体

近年来,因供肾短缺,我国亲属活体肾移植数量呈明显上升趋势.由于解剖学优势,亲属活体供肾通常首选左侧肾脏,但当存在肾脏血管变异、肾盂结石、肾囊肿及女性供者未生育等特殊情况时,需要选择右侧供肾.本研究回顾性分析吉林大学第一医院亲属活体肾移植供者临床资料,观察左、右侧供肾对供者的影响.

目的研究心肌缺血再灌注损伤过程中,环氧化酶-2（COX-2）表达水平与心肌细胞损伤之间的分子机制。方法通过缺氧/复氧（H/R）实验,模拟心肌缺血再灌注过程,在H9C2心肌细胞系中检测COX-2及其相关蛋白的表达水平,并通过COX-2特异性抑制剂NS398抑制其活性,观察细胞变化情况,并研究其作用机制。结果 NFκB的激活诱导COX-2表达上调,COX-2促进H/R介导的促炎症因子转录,以及ROS活性增强。结论心肌细胞受到H/R刺激时,NFκB的激活诱导COX-2表达上调,抑制COX-2活性能够降低H/R诱导的促炎症因子转录以及ROS活性增强,从而发挥对心肌细胞的保护作用。

采用分光光度法测定自来水、蒸馏水,以及用铸铁锅烧过的自来水、蒸馏水中铁的含量.从吸收波长、溶液酸度、显色剂用量、显色时间等角度优化实验条件,然后在此条件下测定了水中铁二价离子的含量.蒸馏水以及用铸铁锅烧过的蒸馏水中并未检出铁二价离子,自来水及铸铁锅烧过的水中检出一定量铁二价离子,且二者含量基本一致,为0.20～0.21μg/mL.说明铸铁锅烧水,铸铁锅溶于水中铁二价离子的量,在分光光度实验条件下基本检测不到.

子宫内膜异位症(ureteral endometriosis)是女性特别是育龄期女性的常见病之一.育龄期女性子宫内膜异位症的发病率为 15％-20％,其中泌尿系统内异症的比例仅为 1％-2％,输尿 管内 异症则更为少见[1].由于输尿管内异症临床表现不典型,难以早期发现,约 25％-50％ 的患者在出现明显症状前就已经出现肾功能损害[2].由于其发病率低,且目前临床诊疗经验不足,易被误诊为输尿管癌及输尿管结石等.本文回顾性分析 2010-2018 年吉林大学第一医院泌尿外二科收治的 18 例输尿管子宫内膜异位症患者的临床资料,并结合国内外相关文献复习讨论,报道如下.

滴定分析中,指示剂用量与滴定分析结果有着密切的关系,控制好指示剂用量,可保证分析结果的可靠性.以EDTA滴定金属离子为例,分析并计算了EBT指示剂的用量最高限度为1.85×10-4 g,最低限以肉眼能分辨出为主.以此分析思路为指导,针对具体实验,可做预先设计并估算指示剂的用量.

目的 分析降钙素原(PCT)与红细胞宽度(RDW)在肺炎合并脓毒症患者的病情严重程度以及预后评价中的作用.方法 随机(随机数字法)选取2014年3月至2017年3月吉林大学第一医院感染科收治的肺炎合并脓毒症患者75例与仅患有单纯肺炎的患者48例,将肺炎合并脓毒症的患者分为3组,分别为脓毒症组、严重脓毒症组与脓毒性休克组,48例患有单纯肺炎的患者为对照组,再根据3周内患者是否死亡,将脓毒症患者分为存活组与死亡组.探讨PCT与RDW与肺炎合并脓毒症患者病情的相关程度以及两者在肺炎合并脓毒症的预后评价中的作用.结果 观察组患者的PCT和RDW水平均高于对照组患者,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在三组观察组患者中,随着病情严重程度的加重,患者PCT和RDW水平逐渐升高(P<0.05);死亡组PCT和RDW水平高于存活组;通过绘制ROC曲线可以得知,应用PCT和RDW判断严重脓毒症与脓毒性休克的范围为≥2 ng/mL、≥15.8.结论 PCT和RDW在肺炎合并脓毒症患者的病情严重程度以及预后评价中有一定的价值.

抗体介导的排异反应（Antibody mediated rejection,AMR）是肾移植后导致移植物失功的主要原因之一。而AMR的核心特征是受者循环中出现针对移植物的抗体,此类抗体包括移植前预存于体内的抗体以及移植后新生抗体。当抗体为特异性识别供者所表达的HLA抗原时则被称为供者特异性抗体（Donor specific antibodies,DSA）,而当抗体识别的是自身表达的抗原时则被称为自身抗体。研究

Objective To explore the effect of solution-focused approach nursing on the perioperative anxiety and depression of patients with percutaneous renal needle biopsy.Methods Totals of 60 cases who underwent renal biopsy were randomly divided into control group and experimental group with 30 cases each group.Two groups were received regular health education,while the experimental group from 1 day before surgery to 3 days after surgery received the nursing intervention on the solution-focus approach.Before and after surgery,self-rating anxiety scale (SAS),self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to investigated the patients and compared.Results The incidence of anxiety and depression among all patients was 63.3％ and 66.7％,and no significant difference was found in the score of SAS and before received the percutaneous renal needle biopsy between two groups( P ＞0.05 ).After intervention,the score of SAS and SDS score of experimental group were ( 42.60 ± 6.95 ) and ( 46.80 ± 7.73 ),respectively,and that of control group were ( 50.53 ± 8.63 ),(53.53 ± 10.93 ),and the differences were statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions The intervention solution-focused approach nursing can reduce renal biopsy perioperative patients' degree of anxiety and depression,and improve the quality of nursing.

本文以长春市主要饮用水源地——新立城水库为研究区,在确定生态需水量构成基础上,运用Tennant法、面积定额法等研究方法对新立城水库的生态需水量进行核算。研究结果表明,新立城水库的生态需水总量为2.64×108m3,占总库容的44.6%,其中水生生物及其栖息地需水量(下泄生态流量)为1.60×108m3,占水库生态需水总量的60.6%,占水库多年平均径流量的68.4%。研究结果为水库生态调度、生态环境恢复和城市供水安全提供科学依据。

Drawbacks of requiring highly selective extractants and difficulties of phase-crossing in phase separation were encountered in the conventional chemical speciation analysis.Aiming to the solution of the problems,the systematic clustering method was applied to the simultaneous determination of lead of various species in simulated geological samples,and on the base of the conventional speciation analysis with stable extraction constants,a set of standard samples with various compositional ratios of lead species were established,and analyzed by the prescribed method.As shown by the analytical results,the relative errors obtained were all less than ±11%,and better accuracy was achived by applying the systematic clustering as compared with the conventional chemical speciation analysis.The drawbacks mentioned above were overcome.

报告了8例9次肝移植患者的围手术期各种导管的护理.回顾性总结了肝移植术后各种导管的观察及护理的经验.认为在肝移植术后各种导管带管期间,对导管认真细致的观察及护理,及时配合医生发现各种症状、体征,对移植术后各种并发症的发生,协助诊断急性排斥反应均起到关键作用,是提高肝移植患者生存率的重要保证。