Objective:To explore the influencing factors of chronic renal allograft dysfunction (CRAD) after renal transplantation.Methods:The clinical data of 1 457 renal transplant recipients who underwent renal transplantation between January 2008 and December 2018 in the First Hospital of Jilin University were retrospective analyzed. The recipients were divided into CRAD group and control group according to whether or not the recipient with CRAD after renal transplantation. The clinical data including sex, age, body mass index (BMI) before transplantation, protopathy, dialysis before transplantation, type of kidney donor, immunity induction and immunosuppressant regiments. Group t test was used to compare the age and BMI of recipients before transplantation between CRAD group and control group. Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method were used to compare the sex, protopathy, preoperative dialysis form, type of kidney donor, immunity induction and immunosuppressant protocols between the two groups. The variables with statistical difference in univariate analysis were included in Logistic regression for multivariate analysis. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The occurrence rate of CRAD was 4.19%(61/1 457). Among 61 recipients with CRAD 59 recipients received dialysis again after transplantation, and 2 recipients died of interstitial lung disease at 8 and 10 months postoperatively, respectively. The rest recipients (n=1396) were all survived with transplant kidneys. The age, preoperative BMI, preoperative dialysis form, immune induction protocol between of recipients between the two groups had significant difference (t=-2.835 and -2.722, χ2=29.400, 18.310 and 27.250, all P<0.05). Logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that age, BMI, preoperative dialysis form and immune induction protocol of recipients were independent risk factors for CRAD (all P<0.05).Conclusions:Stricter control of age and BMI of renal transplant recipients, early renal transplantation and immunity induction are beneficial to reduce the occurrence of CRAD and prolong the survival time of transplant kidnay.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">目的了解吉林省农村中小学生身高体重变化趋势及生长高峰期,比较男女生生长发育差异,为提高学生生长发育水平提供科学依据。方法对2012—2017年吉林省农村义务教育学生营养改善计划营养健康状况监测数据进行分析,调查对象为常规监测学校小学一年级至初中三年级（共9个班）的32 965名学生,对其进行身高体重测量并分析。结果 2012—2017年共测量32 965名6～15岁农村中小学生的身高体重,男、女生分别调查了16 722和16 243人,男女生平均年龄分别为（10.30±2.61）和（10.22±2.59）岁。2012—2017年,6～15岁男生和8～14岁女生身高均呈升高趋势（P &lt;0.05）;6、7和15岁女生身高无增长趋势（P&gt;0.05）,呈现稳定的状态;6～15岁男女生体重均呈升高趋势（P &lt;0.05）。男生身高增长高峰主要集中在11～13岁,女生为8～11岁;男生体重增长高峰主要集中在7～12岁,女生为9～11岁。结论 2012—2017年吉林省农村中小学生身高体重总体呈现升高趋势,且男女生长发育高峰不同。</span>

Background: Pulse pressure and body mass index were associated with cardiovascular disease, and the relationship of pulse pressure and body mass index exhibited different situation in different study population. We want to access the association among pulse pressure, body mass index, and other factors in different gender Chinese population in Jilin Province. Methods: A multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 3789 residents who without history of taking hypertension medication for questionnaire surveys, physical examinations and laboratory tests. IBM SPSS version 24.0 was used to perform all analysis, and Chi -square test and multinomial logistic regression were applied to analysis data.Results: For males, the multinomial logistic regression analysis shown that overweight was risk factor for other three pulse pressure groups. Besides, the older people(age≥60 years), and hypertension were risk factors for PP3 and PP4. In females results, aged≥45 years, hypertension and waist circumference was risk factor for three higher pulse pressure groups. Body mass index and pulse pressure was no significant association in three pulse pressure groups, and people with higher education level and above were protective factors in the PP3 and PP4 both in males and females.Conclusion: the relationship between body mass index and pulse pressure in different gender displayed different situation, and the association of waist circumference and pulse pressure was stronger than the relationship between body mass index and pulse pressure for women.

Abstract Background At present, the proportion of undiagnosed diabetes in Chinese adults is as high as 15.5%. People with diabetes who are not treated and controlled in time may have various complications, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetic foot disorders, which not only seriously affect the quality of life of people with diabetes but also impose a heavy burden on families and society. Therefore, prevention and control of type 2 diabetes is of great significance. Methods We constructed a logistic regression model, a neural network model and a decision tree model to analyse the risk factors for type 2 diabetes and then compared the prediction accuracy of the different models by calculating the area under the relative operating characteristic (ROC) curve and back-inputting the data into the model. Results The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in 4177 subjects who were not diagnosed with type 2 diabetes was 9.31%. The most influential factors associated with type 2 diabetes were triglyceride (TG) ≥ 1.17 mmol/L (odds ratio (OR) =2.233), age ≥ 70 years (OR = 1.734), hypertension (OR = 1.703), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.674), and total cholesterol≥5.2 mmol/L (TC) (OR = 1.463). The prediction accuracies of the three prediction models were 90.8, 91.2, and 90.7%, respectively, and the areas under curve (AUCs) were 0.711, 0.780, and 0.698, respectively. The differences in the AUCs after back propagation (BP) of the neural network model, logistic regression model and decision tree model were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion BP neural networks have a higher predictive power for identifying the associated risk factors of type 2 diabetes than the other two models, but it is necessary to select a suitable model for specific situations.

目的 探究吉林省部分居民糖尿病患者的治疗状况及影响因素,为糖尿病患者的治疗提供有益参考.方法 2013年6-8月采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法抽取吉林省18周岁以上常住居民3500名作为调查对象,对调查对象进行问卷调查(一般情况、不同行为及健康状况、疾病家族史、疾病治疗情况)、体格检查(身高、体重)和血糖检测,分析吉林省居民糖尿病患者的治疗现状及其影响因素.结果 吉林省居民糖尿病患者的治疗率为37.9%,单因素分析结果显示:不同年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、是否患高血压、是否有糖尿病家族史的糖尿病患者治疗率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析显示职业、有无高血压和有无糖尿病家族史是糖尿病患者治疗率的影响因素,其中脑力劳动(OR=0.535,95%CI:0.303~0.942)、无糖尿病家族史(OR=0.176,95%CI:0.102~0.306)和不清楚有无糖尿病家族史(OR=0.344,95%CI:0.176~0.672)是糖尿病患者治疗率的保护因素,有高血压(OR=1.737,95%CI:1.208~2.498)是糖尿病患者治疗率的危险因素.结论 吉林省糖尿病患者的治疗率仍较低,体力劳动、高血压、糖尿病家族史是糖尿病患者治疗率的相关危险因素,应针对性的采取有效措施进一步提高糖尿病患者的治疗率.

目的:了解吉林省0～5岁儿童出生缺陷状况和分布特征,探讨出生缺陷干预对策.方法:采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,在吉林省东、中、西部区域共抽取15个县(市、区)的共90个乡(镇、街道)作为调查点,对各调查点于2008年10月1日0时-2013年9月30日24时出生的儿童进行回顾性调查.调查共收集吉林省0～5岁儿童样本48 720例,剔除不合格样本291例,有效样本48 429例.使用自行设计的儿童出生缺陷调查问卷进行调查,数据采用Epi Data 3.1软件进行数据录入,采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行统计学分析,儿童出生缺陷发生率组间比较采用x2检验.结果:调查有效样本共48 429例,发现出生缺陷患儿共517例,吉林省0～5岁儿童出生缺陷总发生率为10.68‰.男童出生缺陷发生率(11.52‰)高于女童(9.56‰)(x2=83.768,P＜0.01).农村儿童出生缺陷发生率(11.87‰)高于城镇(9.64‰) (x2=5.651,P=0.017).出生缺陷发生率较高的前五位疾病依次为先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、先天性脑积水、唇裂并发腭裂和脊柱裂.结论:吉林省0～5岁儿童出生缺陷发生率在全国处于较低水平,出生缺陷发生率性别和城乡分布差异明显,先天性心脏病已成为吉林省首位高发出生缺陷.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of hypertension awareness in hypertensive residents and its influencing factors in Jilin Province so as to provide references for prevention and control of hypertension.Methods From June to August,2013,questionnaire surveys,physical examinations and laboratory testings were conducted among 2,996 permanent residents aged ≥ 18 years and selected by stratified cluster random sampling.The awareness rate of hypertension was calculated,and the factors influencing the awareness rate were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression model.Results The awareness rate of hypertension in the hypertensive residents in Jilin Province was 35.68％.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the awareness rate of hypertension was found to be higher in the females (OR =1.349),the age groups of 55-64 (OR =4.794) and ≥65 years (OR=5.906),urban residents (OR=1.467) and residents with mental work (OR=1.633) and retirement and other jobs (OR =1.485),but it was found to be lower in the residents without family history of hypertension (OR =0.267) and residents with unclear history of hypertension (OR =0.418).Conclusions The awareness rate of hypertension in the hypertensive residents in Jilin Province in 2013 was low;and hence,it is necessary to conduct the targeted preventive measures based on the risk factors.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">目的了解吉林省成年居民糖尿病前期的患病情况及其影响因素,为预防或延缓糖尿病患病提供参考依据。方法于2013年6—8月采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法对在吉林省抽取的4168名≥18周岁常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。结果吉林省4168名成年居民中,糖尿病前期患者1162例,患病率为27.88%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥40岁、高血压、腹型肥胖、总胆固醇（TC）过低、甘油三酯（TG）过高和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）过低均为吉林省成年居民糖尿病前期患病的危险因素。结论吉林省成年居民糖尿病前期患病率较高,年龄较大、高血压、腹型肥胖、TC和TG较高以及HDL-C较低者是重点干预人群。</span>

目的 探索高血压合并糖尿病的危险因素,为居民预防和控制疾病的发生提供科学依据.方法 2013年采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法抽取吉林省4 608例18周岁以上居民(累积居住6个月以上)进行慢病问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测,从中筛选1 434例高血压患者作为研究对象,应用logistic回归分析高血压患者中发生糖尿病的危险因素.结果 1 434例高血压患者中,合并糖尿病患者占23.71％,多冈素logistic回归分析结果显示:城市(OR=1.362,95％C1:1.052～1.763)、年龄(45～55岁:OR=2.184,95％CI:1.181 ～ 4.040;≥65岁:OR=2.357,95％C1:1.234～4.500)、肥胖(OR=1.740,95％CI:1.223～2.475)和高血脂(OR=1.914,95％CI:1.466～2.498)是居民高血压合并糖尿病的危险因素.结论 吉林省居民高血压合并糖尿病的患病率较高,应该重视及时干预城市居民的高血压、肥胖、高血脂、糖尿病,降低居民高血压合并糖尿病的发生率,提高患者生活质量.

BackgroundTo explore the risk factors of coexisting prediabetes and prehypertension, to provide theoretical basis for early intervention.MethodsA multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to randomly select adult residents from Jilin Province in 2013 for questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory tests.ResultsThe prevalence of coexisting prediabetes and prehypertension in Jilin Province was 11.3%. The binary Logistic regression results showed that age, sex, education, triglyceride (TG), BMI, waist circumference and alcohol consumption were the effects of factor coexisting prediabetes and prehypertension.ConclusionIt is important to pay attention to the early stage of hypertension and diabetes, control the transition from prehypertension and prediabetes to hypertension and diabetes, and improve the health of residents.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">目的了解吉林省居民高血压治疗现状及其影响因素,为控制高血压的发生和发展提供参考依据。方法于2013年6—8月采用分层随机抽样方法在吉林省长春市南关区、德惠市、吉林市丰满区、集安市、龙井市5个国家监测点对抽取的2 996名年龄≥18岁的常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。结果吉林省2 996名年龄≥18岁居民中,检出高血压患者1 281例,高血压检出率为42.76%;1 281例高血压患者中,治疗者363例,高血压治疗率为28.34%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,女性、年龄≥55岁、有和不清楚是否有高血压家族史的吉林省居民高血压治疗率较高,居住在农村的吉林省居民高血压治疗率较低。结论吉林省居民高血压治疗率较低,性别、年龄、居住地和高血压家族史是影响吉林省居民高血压治疗率的主要因素。</span>

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hyperlipemia and its influencing factors amomg residents in Jilin Province in 2013, and to provide a scientific basis for developing hyperlipemia prevention, treatment and intervention measures. Methods Multistage stratified random sampling method was used to select 4, 595 residents aged 18 years and above in Jilin Province in 2013. A questionnaire survey (including the surveyed subjects' general demographic data and behavior pattern), physical examination (including height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure) and blood tests (including routine blood test, fast blood glucose and blood lipid tests) were conducted, and then the prevalence of hyperlipemia in the residents was analyzed. Results The prevalence rate of hyperlipemia in the resident in Jilin Province was 39.8％. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the prevalence rate of hyperlipidemia among residents with different genders, ages, nationalities, residence and BMI as well as between residents with or without smoking, drinking, hypertension and diabetes mellitus (all P＜0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male (OR =1.300, 95％CI =1.120-1.509), other ethnic groups (OR=1.378, 95％CI =1.142-1.664), the age group of 55-65 years (OR =1.464, 95％CI: 1.004-2.136), 18.5≤BMI< 24 (OR=1.761, 95％CI: 1.105-2.808), 24≤BMI<28 (OR =3.799, 95％CI: 2.381-6.061), BMI ≥ 28 (OR =5.631, 95％CI:3.482-9.106), urban residence (OR=1.231, 95％CI: 1.083-1.398), smoking (OR =1.261, 95％CI: 1.074-1.481), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.926, 95％CI: 1.621-2.289), hypertension (OR=1.402, 95％CI: 1.222-1.609) were the risk factors for hyperlipemia. Conclusions The prevalence rate of hyperlipemia in the residents aged 18 years and above in Jilin Province in 2013 was relatively high. Overweight, obesity and suffering from diabetes and hypertension were the main risk factors for the occurrence of hyperlipemia in the residents.

Objective To explore the unknown rate of diabetes in diabetic residents and its influencing factors in Jilin Province so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention strategies and measures of diabetes mellitus.Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to investigate 2,996 research subjects,and the subjects' general information and the data about unknown rate of diabetes patients were investigated through a questionnaire survey,physical examination and blood glucose testing.Results The unknown rate of diabetes patients in permanent residents in Jilin Province was 58.0％.Multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that family history of diabetes,educational background and whether or not having medical insurance were the factors influencing the unknown rate of diabetic patients (OR=0.320-4.311),and the unknown rate was found to be higher in patients without family history of diabetes (OR=4.311),patients with college degree and above (OR=3.356) and patients with medical insurance (OR =3.125).Condusions The unknown rate of diabetes in diabetic residents aged 18 years and above in Jilin Province still needs to be reduced.It is necessary to increase the propaganda about diabetes-related health knowledge and improve the awareness rate of diabetes.

目的 探讨妊娠合并梅毒的不良妊娠结局及其影响因素.方法 收集2015年1月1日-2015年7月31日在某医院分娩的91例妊娠合并梅毒患者的临床资料,对其一般人口学特征、产科特征和临床特征等变量进行单因素分析和多因素分析.结果 单因素分析结果显示,妊娠合并梅毒患者的年龄、母亲梅毒快速血浆反应素试验滴度和是否进行抗梅毒治疗与不良妊娠结局的发生有关.多因素分析的结果显示,妊娠合并梅毒患者的母亲梅毒快速血浆反应素试验滴度(OR=4.388,P=0.017)和是否进行抗梅毒治疗(OR=0.064,P=0.001)与不良妊娠结局相关.结论 妊娠合并梅毒患者的母亲梅毒快速血浆反应素试验滴度≥1:16以及未进行治疗是发生不良妊娠结局的危险因素.

目的 分析吉林省2012-2014年流感的病原学及流行特征,为制定流感防控措施提供科学依据.方法 2012-2014年采集吉林省哨点医院流感样病例的鼻咽拭子等标本,采用Real-time PCR方法对标本进行流感病毒核酸检测.对标本的流感病毒检出阳性率、流感毒株分型等进行分析.结果 吉林省2012-2014年共采集流感样病例样本21 532份,其中检出流感病毒核酸阳性标本2 420份,检出率11.24％.近几年流行毒株类型有所变化.2012、2014年主要的流行毒株是H3N2型(分别为64.78％、86.40％),2013年主要的流行毒株是H1N1型(60.27％),并且在2013年新出现H7N9型(0.22％),吉林省流感发病人群的流感病毒检测阳性率与年份、地区、年龄有关,与性别无关.2013年流感病毒检测阳性率较低(10.13％),2014年流感病毒检测阳性率最高(12.13％).辽源地区的流感病毒检测阳性率最低(2.95％),白山地区的流感病毒检测阳性率最高(16.24％).0～岁组的流感检测阳性率最低(9.29％),5～岁组的流感检测阳性率较高(14.04％).结论 吉林省2012-2014年不同监测年度、不同地区、不同年龄的流感病毒检测阳性率不同,不同年度流行毒株类型有所变化.应长期监测流感的流行趋势,及时发现变异株,为制定流感预防措施提供依据.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">目的了解吉林省长春市居民正常高值血压的流行现状及其危险因素,为预防或延迟高血压的发生提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法对在长春市抽取的2 996名年龄≥18岁的常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测,计算居民正常高值血压和高血压的检出率,并应用多因素logistic回归模型分析正常高值血压的影响因素。结果长春市居民高血压检出率为43.19%,正常高值血压检出率为40.75%;不同特征居民正常高值血压检出情况比较,不同性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、体质指数（BMI）、吸烟情况、高血糖、高脂血症和腹型肥胖居民的正常高值血压检出率差异均有统计学意义（均P&lt;0.05）;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,男性、年龄≥30岁、在婚、BMI≥24.0 kg/m²和高脂血症是长春市居民正常高值血压的危险因素。结论长春市居民的正常高值血压检出率较高,受多种因素影响,应加强对正常高值血压人群的生活方式干预,预防或延迟高血压的发生。</span>

Objective To understand the hospital visiting situation and disease burden and to analyze the influencing factors of disease burden of the patients with foodborne diseases in Jilin Province,and to provide the basis for prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Methods 7 353people(3 065 for 2012year and 4 288 for 2013year)lived for 6consecutive months and above from 2012 to 2013were selected from ten monitoring areas of Jilin Province by multi-stage stratified random sampling method,and the data of these residents were collected with questionnaire by face-to-face interview.The hospital visiting and disease burden situation of the patients with different kinds of foodborne diseases were analyzed;the influencing factors of disease burden of the patients with foodborne diseases were detected by univariate and multiple linear regression analysis.Results The rate of hospital visiting of the patients with foodborne diseases was 13.10%,and there were significant differences of the rates of hospital visiting of the patients with different ages,culture degrees,numbers of acute gastroenteritis over the past 4 weeks and disease durations(P0.05).The rate of hospital visiting in the patients of 35-44 age group was higher than those in other groups(P 0.05);the rates of hospital visiting of the patients with university and above degree,occurring 2times and above over the past 4weeks or illness lasting 4dand above were higher than those in other groups(P0.05).The total economic burden and per capita economic burden of 157 patients with foodborne diseases were 5 847.82 and 37.25 yuan.The first hospital level and disease duration were the main influencing factors of economic burden of foodborne diseases.Conclusion The rate of hospital visiting of the patients with foodborne diseases is not high,but it still brings certain economic burden in the patients.It is important to improve the rate of capacity utilization and the treatment of primary health care institutions to reduce the economic burden of the patients with foodborne diseases.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">目的全面了解吉林省食源性腹泻发生状况,为今后合理开展食源性腹泻的预防工作提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,对选取的7 353名常住居民进行入户面对面调查,内容包括人群基本情况、临床症状体征、可疑饮食史、治疗情况、疾病的社会经济影响五大类问题。结果 2012和2013年吉林省居民食源性腹泻患病率分别为3.66%、2.72%;多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男性、大学及以上文化程度、居住在农村、离开居住地、第三季度为吉林省居民食源性腹泻的危险因素。结论 2013年吉林省居民食源性腹泻患病率与2012年相比有所下降,男性、大学及以上文化程度、居住在农村、离开居住地的吉林省居民为食源性腹泻的高发人群,第三季度为高发季节,辽源地区为低发地区。</span>