To screen the high yield cultivation techniques for the new cultivar Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Yunyan116, the effect of nitrogen rate, plant spacing, remained leaves,topping stage and their interactions were analyzed through L27(313) orthogonal test. The results showed that, the variation extent of experimental field soil nutrients was small and was in accordance with the normal distribution, met the statistical needs. The remained leaves was the most influential factor on the agronomic traits of N. tabacum cv. Yunyan 116; and its correlation coefficient between plant height was 0.8226. Variance analysis showed that the effect of plant spacing and nitrogen rate × topping stage was significant on yield; and the effect of plant spacing on the output value reached significant level. The cultivation techniques of maximum yield were plant spacing=0.60 m, topping at early blooming stage; and of the highest output value were spacing=0.60 m. The two models were able to explain 47.8% and 37.9% of the dependent variable changes.

[目的]研究适合红花大金元栽培的氮钾比,为该品种的抗性栽培提供理论依据.[方法]采用不同氮钾比配施,对红花大金元农艺性状、生理指标、营养元素和化学成分进行比较.[结果]氮钾比较低的情况下,红花大金元的株高、茎围、叶面积系数、最大叶面积等都有所增加;POD、CAT、PPO、类黄酮、总酚、可溶性糖含量较高,烤烟蛋白质、总氮的含量较低;随着施氮量的提高,红花大金元品种在移栽后前期长势相对较好,烟叶生理指标有所提高,化学成分有所改善;过高的施氮量导致化学成分协调性下降.[结论]施氮钾比在1∶5的情况下,红花大金元品种的农艺性状、生理指标和化学成分的表现最好,氮钾比为1∶3的情况下各项指标表现最差.

为进一步研究烟草黑胫病对烟叶品质的影响,在相同的田间条件下,以烤烟‘红花大金元’(以下简称‘红大’)、‘K326’和‘云烟85’品种为材料,比较了不同烤烟品种的生理指标、黑胫病发病率和相关化学成分之间的关系.结果表明,‘红大’品种的黑胫病发病率、病情指数最高,‘K326’次之,‘云烟85,最低;‘云烟85’的POD、PPO、CAT抗性酶活性和总酚、类黄酮含量接种时最高,且增加量最大,‘K326,次之,‘红大’最小;PPO、CAT、POD活性和类黄酮、总酚含量呈负相关关系,与蛋白质、可溶性糖含量呈正相关关系.

为提高上部和下部烟叶的使用价值,进行了不同部位烟叶叶组配方设计研究.在对配方中各单等级烟叶进行化学成分分析、感官评吸和重量分析基础上,首先以目标样品的化学成分为依据设计叶组配方.然后以单料烟感官质量评吸结果为依据设计各等级的使用比例,最终以叶组配方产品的感官质量确定叶组配方组合.结果表明:可以在不使用C3F的情况下,根据各单料烟化学成分检测结果和评吸结果进行综合分析设计模块,能够达到C3F的感官质量水平,从而提高了上部和下部的综合使用价值,降低了原料成本,缓解中部烟叶短缺的矛盾.

The relationships between the appearance quality and chemical composition index in flue-cured tobacco leaves in Baoshan tobacco-growing areas were studied.The results indicated that:1 )descriptive statistics results showed that the flue-cured tobacco appearance quality in Baoshan area indicators,on aver-age belong to the upper level,nicotine,total nitrogen was in the appropriate scope,total sugar,reducing sug-ar,protein and potassium content were higher and the chlorine content was low.2 )simple correlation showed that tobacco appearance quality index had significant correlation with chemical composition.3)ca-nonical correlation analysis results showed that the Canonical variable significant difference at 1% level (λ1 =0.882 6**),group Ⅰ(u1 ,v1 )typical variables,a linear combination of reflect in a certain range,with the increase of nicotine,total nitrogen and alkaline nitrogen ratio,sugar alkali than the decrease of the value,the appearance quality of the tobacco leaf color and oil content has a tendency to increase;Canoni-cal variable significant difference at 1%level (λ2 =0.760 7**),the firstⅡfor typical variable (u2 ,v2 ), suggests that within a certain range,with the chemical composition of potassium,total sugar and the rise and fall of chlorine,tobacco maturity with the same change trend.4)grey correlation analysis showed that the smoke and baoshan district tobacco appearance quality correlation was the largest chemical composition of protein,total nitrogen,total sugar and reducing sugar,etc.