目的:初步探索研究磺胺类化合物与蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(PTP1B)的作用模式,建立具有良好预测能力的三维定量构效关系(3D-QSAR)模型.方法:通过分子对接(Surflex-Dock)研究阐明磺胺类化合物与PTP1B的结合模式,采用比较分子场分析(CoMFA)和比较分子相似性指数分析(CoMSIA)进行3D-QSAR研究.结果:分子对接结果显示,该类化合物可以与PTP1B酶的Site A位点很好地结合.建立的CoMFA模型交叉验证系数(q2)为0.516,CoMSIA模型q2为0.503.结论:该类化合物可与PTP1B酶很好地结合,建立的CoMFA模型和CoMSIA模型均具有良好的预测能力,为该类化合物的下一步设计提供理论依据.

目的 调查分析我院肿瘤科癌症患者化疗辅助药的使用情况,为促进临床合理用药提供依据.方法 采用回顾性分析法,统计并分析2016年化疗辅助用药的用药频度(DDDs)、药物利用指数(DUI)、销售金额及销售数量等情况.结果 用药金额占比分别为生物免疫调节剂46.09％、扶正祛邪中成药38.00％、保肝药8.45％、抑酸药3.19％、止吐药2.46％、升白细胞药1.81％.DDDs居前5位的是注射用核糖核酸Ⅱ、注射用奥美拉唑钠、参麦注射液、艾迪注射液、注射用还原性谷胱甘肽.排序前15位化疗辅助用药中DUI≤1的药物占66.67％,DUI>1的占33.33％,表明有一些药物使用不当,提示临床医务人员必须加强用药的合理性.结论 化疗辅助用药可以提高机体免疫力,降低抗肿瘤药物的毒性,但用药情况不够规范,滥用辅助用药的情况值得重视.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">目的观察迷迭香酸对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖及凋亡的影响,并探讨Vimentin/NLRP3在此过程中的作用。方法不同浓度迷迭香酸(25、50、100μmol·L^-1)作用于HepG2细胞, MTT法检测细胞增殖;TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡;Western blot检测相关蛋白的表达水平。结果迷迭香酸能抑制HepG2细胞的增殖,促进其凋亡,且呈浓度依赖性。与对照组相比,迷迭香酸组能明显上调caspase-3的表达,降低Bcl-2的表达（P&lt;0.05）,其作用机制与下调Vimentin/NLRP3信号通路有关。结论迷迭香酸能抑制HepG2细胞增殖并诱导细胞凋亡,其作用主要是通过下调Vimentin/NLRP3蛋白的表达来实现的。</span>

目的 调查胃息肉患者的病例资料,评估胃息肉的危险因素,为胃息肉的防治提供理论依据.方法 选择2014年1月至2016年1月在西安医学院第一附属医院接受胃镜检查确诊为胃息肉的110例患者作为胃息肉组,选择同期因消化系统疾病接受胃镜检查排除胃息肉的101例患者作为对照组,回顾性分析患者的一般资料、伴有疾病、职业特点和幽门螺杆菌(Hp)检测结果等数据,采用χ2检验评估胃息肉发生发展的相关因素.结果 胃息肉组与对照组患者的性别、年龄、职业特点和Hp阳性率差异无统计学意义;胃息肉组患者中约40.91%体质量指数异常,在体质量指数异常患者中,超重和肥胖患者占82.20%;胃息肉组患者中伴有窦性心动过缓、脂肪肝、慢性胃炎和胆囊炎的患者,胃息肉发生率均高于对照组(P均<0.05).结论 胃息肉发生可能与体质量超重、伴有窦性心动过缓、脂肪肝、慢性胃炎和胆囊炎等因素相关.

目的 了解并分析我院麻醉药品的临床应用情况及用药趋势,为临床合理用药提供参考. 方法 采用回顾性调查方法,对2009-2011年我院麻醉药品的使用量、销售金额、用药频度(DDDs)、药品限定日费用(DDDC)等进行统计、分析.结果 我院麻醉药品的用药金额、用药频度均呈逐年上升趋势,盐酸布桂嗪片是我院临床应用最经济的麻醉药品,芬太尼透皮贴剂应用较少,新型麻醉药品的应用有上升趋势. 结论 我院麻醉药品的使用基本合理,但哌替啶的使用量应进一步加强规范管理和使用控制.

目的对不同比重等效剂量罗哌卡因应用于剖宫产麻醉后的效果和不良反应方面进行分析比较,探讨不同比重罗哌卡因在临床效果及安全性方面的区别和优势。方法将192例ASA分级为Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级的满足研究条件的足月待产妇随机均分为2组,一组采用等比重罗哌卡因麻醉(A组),另一组采用重比重罗哌卡因麻醉(B组)。结果等比重组的感觉阻滞起效时间和运动阻滞起效时间明显长于重比重组,感觉阻滞恢复时间和运动阻滞恢复时间明显短于重比重组,改良Bromage评分分值显著高于重比重组(P<0.05)。等比重组发生低血压及恶心呕吐不良反应比例明显少于重比重组(P<0.05);而在利多卡因用量和发生寒战比例方面与重比重组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论等比重罗哌卡因麻醉效果比较满意,产妇血流动力学更加稳定,不良反应有效减少,神经阻滞恢复更快,可以作为剖宫产手术一种安全有效的麻醉方式,有良好的临床使用价值。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of hexapeptide on platelet aggregation activity in rabbit.METHODS The blood of rabbit carotid artery was taken,and then,the anticoagulation blood was obtained by adding sodium citrate into the whole blood.The platelet aggregation rates induced by different inducers were determined by turbidimetry.RESULTS The aggregation inhibition rates of 1×10 5 mol.L 1 hexapeptide induced by ADP,arachidonic acid and thrombin in rabbit,were(66.22±1.40)%,(67.94±2.32)% and(58.18±4.67)%,respectively.The IC 50 of aggregation inhibition rates of hexapeptide in rabbit induced by ADP,arachidonic acid and thrombin,were 3.24×10 6 mol.L 1,1.32×10 6 mol.L 1 and 7.24×10 6 mol.L 1,respectively.CONCLUSION Hexapeptide has the effect of anti-platelet aggregation in rabbit in vitro.

Objective To understand the progress of pharmacotherapy in type 2 diabetes.Method The published articles were reviewed.The findings of regimen selection,the adverse effect and the prevention and cure of complication were summarized.Result and Conclusion The paradigm of treatment is slowly changing.Because of the progressive nature of type 2 DM,the preserving β-cell function has become the priority.The prevention of the complication is important.

Objective To investigate the basic information of outpatient prescription drugs in our hospital,and to improve the level of clinical rational drug use.Methods After 12 000 outpatient prescriptions were selected randomly from outpatient prescriptions of our hospital in 2011,the rational drug use of outpatient clinic was analyzed retrospectively according to the international indicators of rational drug use,the Prescription Management Measures and the Hospital Prescription Review Management Standard(trial).Results In 12 000 outpatient prescriptions,the kinds of drug totaled 23 890 and averaged 1.99.The cost of a prescription averaged 72.99 yuan,the average consultation time was 9.01 min,the average dispensing time was 27.85 s.The percentages were 35.2%for antimicrobial agents using,30.1%for injection using,82.7%for essential medicines using,100%for approved name using,100%for the actual dispensing according to the prescription,100%for the complete drug sign and 96.1%for the patient correctly understanding the usage.Conclusion The results suggest that the majority of international indicators of rational drug use have been controlled well,but the percentages of antimicrobial agents using and injection using are on the high side which should be emphasized seriously.

Objective To understand the progress of insulins and insulin analogues in the treatment of patients with diabetes.Method The publicated articles were reviewed,and the pharmacokinetics,pharmacology,efficacy,and the adverse reactions of insulins and insulin analogues were summarized.Result Rapid-acting insulins,long-acting insulins and inhaled insulins respectively have the special pharmacokinetics.As far as exenatide and pramlintide are concerned,they have the ability to decrease the postprandial glucose excursions,delay the gastric emptying,reduce energy intake,and therefore to lower the body weight.Conclusion Better insulin preparations should be developed to treat patients with diabetes.

克拉霉素是新一代14-元环半合成的新型大环内酯类抗生素,化学名为6-O-甲基红霉素,分子式C38H69NO13,它是从红霉素A出发,经肟化、醚化、硅烷化、甲基化和还原制成[1].具有稳定性好,杀菌能力强,低pH条件下易溶解,口服吸收好,不良反应少,患者耐受性高等优点.