目的 对肾结石患者在采用输尿管软镜碎石术治疗后,与经皮肾镜碎石取石术治疗后的效果进行比较.方法 样本选取中,对时间范围进行限制,从2016.10-2020.02时间段内选取110例患者作为研究样本,对照组患者共计60例,采用输尿管软镜碎石术进行治疗,观察组患者共计50例,采用经皮肾镜碎石取石术进行治疗,比较两组患者的治疗效果.结果 治疗后,在采用经皮肾镜碎石取石术进行治疗以后,观察组患者在手术时间方面相对较短,但是在术中出血量方面,对照组要少于观察组,差异显著,P<0.05;在直径在2cm以上的结石清除中,观察组患者的清石率要高于对照组,差异显著,P<0.05.结论 在当前针对肾结石患者进行治疗的过程中,需要结合患者的实际情况,合理的选择手术的方式,在直径2cm以下的患者手术中,可以采用输尿管软镜碎石术的方案进行治疗,2cm以上的患者则采用经皮肾镜碎石取石术的方案进行治疗,改善治疗效果.

目的 探讨不同特殊医学用途配方食品(FSMP)对老年卒中并发低蛋白血症患者临床结局的影响.方法 选择60例老年卒中并发低蛋白血症患者为研究对象.根据FSMP种类,将患者随机分为整蛋白型FSMP组、短肽型FSMP组及匀浆膳FSMP组,每组20例.分析各组营养指标、生化指标、胃肠道功能、并发症及预后情况等差异.结果 短肽型FSMP在营养支持第4天、第7天、第10天总蛋白高于整蛋白型FSMP和匀浆膳型FSMP,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);短肽型FSMP在营养支持第7天、第10天白蛋白高于整蛋白型FSMP和匀浆膳型FSMP,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);整蛋白型FSMP营养支持在第10天总蛋白高于匀浆膳型FSMP,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);短肽型FSMP组感染并发症、住院时间、住院费用均低于整蛋白型FSMP组和匀浆膳型FSMP组,差异有统计学差异(P＜0.05).结论 短肽型FSMP在老年卒中并发低蛋白血症患者中应用优于整蛋白型及匀浆膳FSMP.

Objective To isolate, enrich and identify prostate cancer stem cells in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells, and investigate the difference in biological behaviors between side population (SP) cells with tumor stem cell characteristics and non-sorted total (NST) cells. Methods PC-3 cells were cultured in vitro by SFM suspension cell agglutination. The suspension sphere-forming PC-3 cells were set as the experimental groups and the single-layer adherent PC-3 cells cultured with SSM conventionally were set as the control groups. The percentages of CD44+CD133+cells and side population(SP) cells in the two kinds of cells were detected with Flow Cytometry (FCM). Differences in proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, and invasiveness between the two cell types were compared by biological functional experiments. Results The PC-3 sphere-forming cells could survive in SFM and form floating cell spheres successfully. The PC-3 sphere-forming cells exhibited the abilities of self-renewal and differentiation, and they grew well in vitro with continuous and stable passage. They can differentiate after adding serum in SFM, and achieved with the transformation of adherent cells by alternating culture in SSM and SFM. The percentages of CD44+CD133+cells and SP cells in the PC-3 floating sphere-forming cells were higher significantly than that of the PC-3 adherent cells (P<0.05). Compared with NST cells, SP cells presented stronger abilities of migration, invasion and angiogenesis. However, SP cells had a relatively weaker proliferative capacity. RT-qPCR and Western blot showed that the gene and protein levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α), angiogenic factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in SP cells were higher than those in NST cells. Conclusion The PC-3 sphere-forming cells possessed some properties of cancer stem cells. Using the suspension culture method with SFM, we isolated and enriched conveniently and effectively prostate cancer stem cells in PC-3 cells. The SP cells isolated from PC3 cells had stronger ability of angiogenesis, migration and invasion than NST cells, but their proliferative capacity was weaker.

目的:选用Meta分析评价国内应用鼠神经生长因子药物对于脑出血患者的治疗效果.方法:检索国内三大数据库:万方数据库、中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)和维普科技期刊全文数据库(VIP),检索时间限定为2007至2017年.对纳入的随机对照试验(RCT)整理并进行文献质量评价,使用StataSE 12.0软件进行分析.结局指标为总有效率.结果:经过全面筛查,共有14篇有关随机对照试验的文章被选入,包括1172例患者.Meta分析结果显示,鼠神经生长因子对于治疗脑出血的总体有效率高于对照组[OR=2.1,95％CI=(1.17,3.75),P=0.001].结论:鼠神经生长因子对于治疗脑出血具有较好的效果,但对于改善脑出血疗效仍需开展高质量的药物临床试验.

目的 观察尼莫地平注射液在颈动脉内膜切除术(CEA)围手术期应用的临床疗效.方法 通过对患者临床病例的收集、整理,再进行科学的分析和研究.结果/结论 尼莫地平能平稳、安全、有效的降血压,在颈动脉内膜切除术围手术期的应用疗效肯定.

目的 分析探讨儿童颅骨生长性骨折的发病机制以及手术治疗效果.方法 35例颅骨生长性骨折患儿,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,观察患儿的颅骨修补手术治疗效果,并总结其发病机制.结果 本组所有患儿均顺利完成手术,手术治疗后均无皮瓣坏死、感染以及脑脊液漏等情况发生,通过对患儿进行随访1年,钛网均固定良好,无移位或松动等情况,头颅生长无畸形.结论 颅骨生长性骨折在婴幼儿中具有较高发病率,婴幼儿颅脑快速发育和硬脑膜外伤导致的颅骨向外扩张力,是儿童颅骨生长性骨折的重要发病机制,经颅骨修补手术治疗具有较好疗效.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, conserved segments of non-coding RNA which play a significant role in prostate cancer development and progression. To identify miRNAs associated with castration resistance, we performed miRNA microarray analysis comparing castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with androgen dependent prostate cancer (ADPC). We identified common underexpression of miR-4638-5p in CRPC compared to ADPC samples, which were further confirmed by quantitative PCR analysis. The role of miR-4638-5p in prostate cancer androgen-independent growth has been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. We also identified Kidins220 as a target gene directly regulated by miR-4638-5p and shRNA-mediated knockdown of Kidins220 phenocopied miR-4638-5p restoration. Subsequently, we revealed that Kidins220 activates PI3K/AKT pathway, which plays a key role in CRPC. Loss of miR- 4638-5p may lead to CRPC through the activity of Kidins220 and PI3K/AKT pathway. Furthermore, we found that miR-4638-5p, through regulating Kidins220 and the downstream activity of VEGF and PI3K/AKT pathway, influences prostate cancer progression via angiogenesis. The identification of miR-4638-5p down-regulation in CRPC and the understanding of the functional role of miR-4638-5p and its downstream genes/pathways have the potential to develop biomarkers for CRPC onset and to identify novel targets for novel forms of treatments of this lethal form of PCa.

Objective To investigate the expression of miR-363-3p in human prostate cancer cells and normal prostate epithelial cells, and explore its impact on the biological behaviors of prostate cancer cells. Methods Total RNA in human prostate cancer cells DU145, PC3 and normal prostate epithelial cells RWPE-1 were extracted respectively. The expressions of miR-363-3p in prostate cancer cells and normal prostate epithelial cells were detected by SYBR Green real-time PCR(RT-PCR). DU145 cells and PC3 cells were infected with the synthesized PCDH, miR-363-3p and miR-363-3p sponge, respectively. CCK 8 and Colony assay were utilized to evaluate cell proliferation, transwell assay was applied to detect migration ability, and microtubule assay to measure tube formation ability. Results The expressions of miR-363-3p in the DU-145 and PC3 cells were all significantly lower than that in the RWPE-1 cells (P<0.05). Compared with the control, overexpression of miR-363-3p can significantly enhance cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and microtubule formation of DU-145 and PC3 cells (P<0.05). In contrast, knockdown of miR-363-3p significantly reversed these changes in biological phenotypes mentioned above (P<0.05). Conclusion miR-363-3p was upregulated in prostate cancer cells. Overexpression of miR-363-3p can promote cell proliferation, invasion and migration and microtubule formation. miR-363-3p may play an important role in the development of prostate cancer, which may become a new target for treatment of prostate cancer.

西部高原的四月正是春寒料峭,笼罩着灰蒙蒙的土黄色,像一帧尘封了整个季节的老照片或者像是一部年久泛黄的经卷,打开它尚能嗅着呛人的尘土味道.而此时位于浙东沿海的鄞州则已经是烟雨迷蒙小桥流水,一派正宗的江南味道了.

目的 利用生物信息学方法预测调控入骨桥蛋白的微小RNA(miRNA),为进一步实验验证特定miRNA和人骨桥蛋白基因之间的关系提供依据.方法 分别应用miRGen Targets和miRanda数据库确定与人骨桥蛋白有密切关系的miRNA分子.结果 经miRGen Targets数据库预测出28个miRNA分子可能作用于人骨桥蛋白基因;miRanda数据库显示miR-539,miR-181,miR-340,miR-376c和miR-154 5个miRNAs在人骨桥蛋白的负调控过程可能发挥作用;将两个数据库结果交集后发现miR-539,miR-181,miR-33b和miR-377 4个miRNA分子最有可能参与调控人骨桥蛋白.结论 利用生物信息学软件可对调控人骨桥蛋白的miRNA进行预测,为研究骨桥蛋白的功能和生物学特性提供新手段.

目的 构建含有miR-363-3p的慢病毒表达载体,获得能够稳定表达miR-363-3p的DU145细胞株并初步进行细胞形态学实验.方法 利用PCR扩增miR-363-3p片段,插入慢病毒载体pCDH-CMV-MCS-EF1-tRFP中构建重组慢病毒质粒pCDH-miR-363-3p.将慢病毒包装三质粒表达系统的重组慢病毒质粒pCDH-miR-363-3p,包装质粒psPAX以及包膜质粒pMD2.G共转染人胚肾上皮细胞(HEK293T)细胞中,同时以慢病毒空载体pCDH-vector作为阴性对照.收集含有病毒颗粒细胞的病毒上清液,测定Lentivirus-miR-363-3p和Lentivirus-vector的病毒滴度.再用重组慢病毒Lentivirus-miR-363-3p及阴性对照Lentivirus-vector以相同感染复数(MOI)的病毒量分别感染DU145细胞,72 h后,在荧光显微镜下通过观察红色荧光蛋白(RFP)的表达情况观察被感染细胞数.采用反转录实时定量PCR (RT-qPCR)方法检测两组细胞系中miR-363-3p表达情况.将获得的两组细胞进行平板划痕实验,初步观察其细胞生长行为的差异.结果 PCR成功扩增出miR-363-3p片段,插入慢病毒载体pCDH-CMV-MCS-EF1-tRFP后,利用限制性内切酶酶切鉴定和核酸序列测定证实重组慢病毒质粒pCDH-miR-363-3p构建成功.通过慢病毒包装三质粒表达系统获得表达miR-363-3p的重组慢病毒,测得滴度约为1.5×107 efu/ml.以相同MOI的重组慢病毒Lentivirus-miR-363-3p以及Lentivirus-vector分别感染DU145细胞72 h后,在荧光显微镜下能够明显观察到红色荧光,且RT-qPCR检测结果显示,感染miR-363-3p DU145细胞中miR-363-3p表达水平显著高于感染miR-vector DU145细胞,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).平板划痕实验结果显示划痕后24 h时两组细胞生长具有明显差异(P＜O.01),但48 h时两组生长的细胞均已完全覆盖划痕.结论 成功构建了含miR-363-3p的慢病毒表达载体,获得的重组慢病毒能够有效地感染DU145细胞,为下一步实验奠定了坚实的基础.初步的细胞形态学实验-平板划痕显示划痕后24h两组细胞生长存在差异.

岷山脚下<br>　　轻风拂过，摇曳的山花和青草伏下它们谦卑的身子<br>　　这庄严的仪式有着宗教般的秘密和秩序<br>　　岷山脚下。四蹄没入苜蓿地舔草的棕色马<br>　　是通往这个春天更深处的门把手。你看<br>　　它那么小心地打了一声响鼻，整个山冈<br>　　就轻轻地晃动了起来