Identifying and clarifying the palliative care needs of patients with heart failure is the first step in the early development of palliative care. This paper summarizes and compares the development, items, and utility of seven domestic and foreign heart failure palliative care needs assessment tools, with a view to provide reference for the subsequent formulation of standardized assessment model of palliative care needs for heart failure patients in China.

目的 分析国内外护士情绪劳动的研究现况与趋势热点.方法 系统检索建库至2022年9月30日收录于中国知网、万方数据库、维普网和Web of Science中有关护士情绪劳动的核心期刊文献,运用CiteSpace 6.1.R3对其进行可视化分析.结果 共281篇国内研究文献和437篇国际研究文献纳入分析,发文时间为2004-2022年,国内外护士情绪劳动领域发文量呈上升趋势.国际主要研究热点包含离职倾向、工作投入、领导力等.我国研究多关注于工作绩效、应对方式、职业倦怠等.结论 我国尚未形成有关护士情绪劳动领域的优质核心机构群与研究团队,下一步应积极推动我国护士情绪劳动研究的多元化发展,进而提升我国在该领域研究的深度和广度.

心力衰竭为多种心血管疾病的严重和终末阶段,准确、可靠的健康评估为构建心力衰竭患者干预策略、开展临床诊治的关键.心力衰竭患者报告结局工具能从生理、心理、社会三大层面为患者提供健康状况评估,现广泛应用于心力衰竭临床试验及实践中.本文对8种国际常用心力衰竭患者报告结局工具进行综述,介绍其心理测量学属性及应用进展,以期为心力衰竭健康评估工具的选择提供参考.

Objective:To evaluate the measurement attribute of Self-Care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) and the methodological quality of corresponding research, so as to provide evidence basis for clinical selection and use.Methods:We searched Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and WanFang Data from the establishment of the database to March 27, 2022. The measurement attributes of the scale and the methodological quality of the research were evaluated based on the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guideline, and the final recommendation for the scale was formed by combining the evaluation results.Results:A total of 14 studies were included. SCHFI v.7.2 was a Grade A recommendation, and there was high-level evidence to support the hypothesis test of "sufficient" internal consistency and structural validity, and the middle-level evidence to support its "sufficient" content validity, structural validity and retest reliability. SCHFI v.6.2 was a Grade B recommendation, and there was high-level evidence to support the hypothesis test of "sufficient" structural validity, and the medium-level evidence to support its "sufficient" content validity, but the results of structural validity, internal consistency and retest reliability were inconsistent.Conclusions:From the existing evidence, SCHFI v.7.2 is an ideal evaluation tool for self-care of patients with heart failure. The number of relevant studies is insufficient, and the test of measurement error, calibration validity and responsiveness is lacking, which needs to be supported by high-quality evidence.

目的 系统评价与整合左心室辅助装置(left ventricular assist device,LVAD)植入患者的生活体验,为更好地帮助该类人群适应与LVAD共存的生活、建立支持体系提供参考.方法 检索Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CINAHL及中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献服务系统中有关LVAD植入患者生活体验的质性研究.检索时间为2008年1月—2022年7月.采用澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所质性研究质量评价标准评价文献质量,采用Meta整合方法对结果进行整合.结果 共纳入15篇英文文献.提取69个主题,归纳为LVAD植入后的健康获益、面临的困境与挑战、自我调适及外部支持对促进恢复与适应至关重要4个整合结果,以及14个类别.结论 患者植入LVAD后健康获益明显,但也面临一系列并发症及生活、心理、社会负担.未来应从医疗、家庭、社会等层面建立多维度支持体系,帮助该类患者进行自我调适,协助其尽早重返社会.

心脏康复是冠心病的一种重要治疗手段.功能评估是康复治疗的基础,冠心病心脏康复评估内容包括对心功能、运动功能、社会功能和生活质量等的评定.当对患者进行身体功能评估时,不应仅局限于心肺功能的评估,还应考虑患者的功能状态、活动水平等.此外,冠心病患者心脏康复身体结构的评定主要包括影像学检查和体格检查.评估生活质量的量表很多,其中西雅图心绞痛量表是目前最适合的评估冠心病心脏康复患者生活质量的量表.未来还需进一步研究并推广适用于冠心病心脏康复的评估工具.

AIMS:This study aimed to investigate the current situation of community nurses' research competence in Shanghai, to provide a basis for curricula design for nursing schools, construction of better research environments and nurturing research talents among community nurses.BACKGROUND:Nurses are expected to not only consume research findings but also produce knowledge. In China, there is more attention on cultivation of community nurses' research competence. However, the current status of it remains unclear.METHODS:This study employed convenience sampling to recruit a total of 2562 community nurses in Shanghai from June to August 2021. The study questionnaire included personal and job-related characteristics, research competence and barriers to nursing research practice. Pearson's χ2 tests (or Fisher exact probability method) and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyse associated factors.RESULTS:Our data showed that the overall research competence was 38.00 (28.00, 60.00) (best possible score, 120), which was at a low level. The binary logistic regression analysis results showed that nurses at the vice-senior level and above, those without management roles or those who had research education/training experience had a higher level of research competence (p < .05). Besides, a higher level of research competence was also seen in nurses who had attended academic conferences above the municipal level in the last 5 years, those with plans to upgrade educational levels or those who had positive attitude towards research (p < .05). Our analysis demonstrated that limited English proficiency, data analysis and thesis writing, and lack of up-to-date research information and research mentors were the main barriers to effective community research practice.CONCLUSIONS:Our analysis showed that most of the community nurses had high demand for research training courses. Their research competence should be improved. In nursing educational and professional context, nursing administrators should pay more attention to provision of better learning, working and research environments.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT:Nursing administrators should establish a community nursing research culture, develop continuous training on research and prioritize recruitment and cultivation of scientific research talents.

Objective:To understand the current situation of scientific research ability and training needs of community nurses in China.Methods:The convenient sampling method was used to select 3 633 community nurses from 16 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities from June to August 2021 to investigate. The contents of the questionnaire included general information, Self-Assessment Scale of Scientific Research Ability for Nursing Staff, scientific research attitude and training needs. A total of 3 633 questionnaires were recovered, of which 3 561 were valid, with an effective recovery rate of 98.0%. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of the total score of self-assessment of scientific research ability of community nurses.Results:The total score of scientific research ability of 3 561 community nurses was 39.00 (28.00, 60.00) . The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that nursing working years, highest education, received research courses/training, working experience in academic organizations/academic journals, participating in academic conferences or above the municipal level in the past 5 years and having plans to improve academic qualifications in the next 5 years were the influencing factors of scientific research ability of community nurses ( P<0.05) , jointly explained 15.4% of the total variance (adjusted R2=0.154, P<0.001) . Community nurses had training needs in data collection and organization, scientific research design, literature retrieval, scientific research topic selection, data statistical analysis and statistical software operation and submission skills. Conclusions:Subjective self-assessment scientific research ability and objective scientific research output of community nurses need to be improved and key scientific research talents need to be cultivated.

目的:旨在基于Rasch模型分析冠心病心脏康复护理相关《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》(Inter-national Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health,ICF)类目的测量学特征.方法:通过便利抽样选取100例冠心病心脏康复患者,对其采用冠心病心脏康复护理相关ICF类目和简明生活质量量表(the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey,SF-36)进行调查,运用 Winsteps 3.66.0软件对每一类目进行测量学检验,统计指标包括单维性检验、类目拟合度、个人和项目分离信度.结果:共58个心脏康复护理评估类目,包括"身体功能"(23个类目)、"身体结构"(2个类目)、"活动与参与"(17个类目)、"环境因素"(16个类目)4个维度.总类目的Cronbach's α系数为0.879,各类目拟合度较高,各维度项目分离信度分别为0.95、0.96、0.91、0.94,与SF-36具有较高的同时效度.结论:冠心病心脏康复护理评估类目具有较好的心理测量学属性,可有效评价心脏康复患者的健康状况.

目的 探究国外营养素养研究现状及趋势,揭示相关主题的内涵、相关性及发展脉络.方法 选取Web of Science数据库(1998-2019年)收录的以"营养素养"为主题的475篇文献,应用CiteSpace 5.5对文献的国家分布、期刊或文献共被引和关键词进行计量学分析,了解该领域研究热点和发展趋势.结果 "营养""健康素养""教育"是节点最大的关键词;营养素养概念、营养素养与健康素养关系、营养素养量表研制、营养素养水平在营养摄入和饮食行为上的影响及如何有效提高人群营养素养的水平等是营养素养的研究热点.结论 营养素养教育干预的理论和实践体系还有待深入开展.

目的 了解医院心导管室空气消毒运行管理的现状,为加强消毒质量管理提供参考.方法 采用问卷调查方法,对国内17个省市区48家三甲医院的心导管室空气消毒运行管理现况进行调查.结果 在所调查的医院中,有14.6％的医院心导管室仍采用污染危险系数高的单通道布局;有47.9％的医院心导管室是根据手术的种类、级别,采用不同的空气消毒方法;83.3％的心导管室只监测静态空气质量.多数层流心导管室至少2周清洁1次空调机组设备,每隔1～2个月更换1次新风机组过滤器,至少每3个月更换1次循环机组过滤器.结论 国内医院心导管室在建筑布局、空气消毒实施、相关设备日常维护管理及空气消毒效果的监测等方面存在差异,心导管室空气消毒卫生的管理规范及细则亟待制订.

目的 探讨经外周静脉输注血管活性药物的风险因素及安全输注方案.方法 系统检索5个指南网站、7个中英文数据库,检索时限为建库至2021年3月7日,定性描述经外周静脉输注血管活性药物并发症的基本特征、风险因素及安全输注方案.结果 纳入14篇文献,其中指南2篇、系统评价4篇、原始研究8篇.经外周静脉输注血管活性药物的安全性受药物因素、患者因素、输注方案影响.1篇指南和8篇原始研究提供了经外周静脉血管活性药物安全输注方案,内容涉及输注速度、输注部位、输注技术、输注时长、监测频率、并发症处理等.结论 实施全程风险评估和安全输注方案,短期经外周静脉输注血管活性药物是安全可行的.

文章介绍北京协和医学院护理学院本科生毕业论文网络指导及线上答辩的过程,并评价其实施效果.研究发现,网络指导及线上答辩在应对突发情况、缩短空间距离、促进学术交流等方面的相对优势较明显;但该形式下仍存在学生学习效率难以管控、论文指导及答辩效果可控性低等问题.建议今后可通过师生协作提高网络指导质量、熟悉软件平台操作及完善应急方案等方式,提升网络指导毕业论文及线上答辩的过程质量.

该文以美国北卡罗莱纳州医养结合Carol Woods养老社区与Seymour Center照护中心为例,介绍美国北卡罗莱纳州医养结合养老社区与日间照护中心的管理模式及护理工作,并结合我国的国情提出建议,从而为我国养老事业的发展提供借鉴.