为了鉴定引起大白鹅死亡的病原,对两只病死的大白鹅进行临床剖检与无菌采集肝脏和心脏进行细菌分离培养.试验通过临床剖检、分离培养、培养特性鉴定、生化试验和16S rRNA PCR等方法进行鉴定,用琼脂扩散法进行药敏试验和抑菌试验,用腹腔注射法进行动物回归试验.结果显示从两只病死鹅的肝和心中分别分离得到4株革兰氏阴性短杆菌(分别标记为BE-X-1、BE-X-2、BE-G-1、BE-G-2);其生化特性分解葡萄糖、蔗糖等产酸不产气,不分解乳糖;分离菌均在1400 bp处出现目的条带,16S rRNA基因序列与多杀性巴氏杆菌同源性最高;药敏试验结果显示分离菌对头孢曲松等药物敏感,对克林霉素等低敏甚至耐受;鸡唾液乳杆菌、猪小肠乳杆菌对分离菌有较好的抑菌效果;试验动物攻毒12～24 h内死亡.分离菌均为多杀性巴氏杆菌,对头孢曲松等药物高敏,具有致病性且致病性较强,试验为鹅巴氏杆菌病的防治提供依据.

为了确诊某猪场患病猪的病原菌,找到防控办法,对死亡猪肺脏、气管液进行细菌分离鉴定,经过生化试验、药敏试验、体外抑菌试验、动物试验等,得知:分离菌培养特性、生化反应特性与巴氏杆菌基本一致;分离菌高敏药物为头孢氨苄、头孢曲松等,低敏药物为青霉素G、林可霉素等;乳酸菌对巴氏杆菌有明显的抑菌作用;攻毒小白鼠48 h内全部死亡.结论:分离菌为多杀性巴氏杆菌,该病为多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的猪巴氏杆菌病,乳酸菌配合高敏药物能防治该病.

为鉴定外伤感染死亡兔的病原菌,采集病死兔肝、肺、肾等器官进行细菌分离鉴定及体外抑菌试验.结果表明:分离菌靛基质、枸橼酸盐等试验为阴性,凝固酶和过氧化氢酶试验为阳性,分解葡萄糖、麦芽糖等,不能分解淀粉;病菌对青霉素、卡那霉素等高度敏感,对氨卡西林,阿莫西林等耐药;枯草芽孢杆菌和鸡唾液乳酸杆菌对其均有较强的抑制作用.因此,分离菌为兔金黄色葡萄球菌,该病是由金黄色葡萄球菌引起的兔葡萄球菌病,防治首选药物为青霉素,枯草芽孢杆菌和鸡唾液乳酸杆菌可减少或部分取代抗生素对该病的防治.

为了确诊临床疑似猪丹毒病例,采集病死猪的内脏,用常规生化法和PCR法进行细菌分离鉴定,用牛津杯法做体外抑菌试验.结果:分离菌H2S、靛基质、枸橼酸盐等试验为阴性;分解葡萄糖、麦芽糖等,不能分解蔗糖;对青霉素、头孢唑啉等高度敏感,对氯霉素、链霉素等中度敏感;枯草芽孢杆菌、鸡唾液乳酸杆菌和猪小肠乳酸杆菌对其均有较强的抑制作用.结论:分离菌为猪丹毒杆菌,该病是由猪丹毒杆菌引起的急性热性传染病,防治首选药物为青霉素,枯草芽孢杆菌、鸡唾液乳酸杆菌和猪小肠乳酸杆菌可减少或部分取代抗生素对该病的防治.

In order to get biological drugs with no resistance or toxic side effects and to reduce the use of antibiotics, a strain of Bacillus subtilis was isolated from animal intestine, and the isolate was identified by molecular biological method; in vitro antibacterial test of the isolate was performed using agar diffusion method; the optimal fermentation condition of the isolate was screened by conventional culture method;the antibacterial crude protein of the isolate was extracted by saturated ammonium sulfate method; the physicochemical properties of antibacterial crude protein was detected by comparison method; The results showed that the isolate was B. subtilis ,which had antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus and swine erysipelas. The fermentation effect of the isolate was the best under the condition of temperature 30 ℃, pH 7, liquid volume 75 ml/250 ml, inoculation volume 20％ and culture time 48 h. The antibacterial effect of the isolate was the best when extracted by 80％ saturated ammonium sulfate. The antibacterial crude protein had strong resistance to heat and acid. Organic solvent and UV irradiation had some influences on antibacterial crude protein. Proteases had hydrolytic effects on antibacterial crude protein. The isolated B. subtilis can be used to prevent and control the diseases caused by S. aureus, streptococcus and swine erysipelas, and can regulate intestinal microecology by adding into expanded feeds.

Objective:To establish a method for the determination of dehydrocavidine in Yanhuanglian injection. Method:Chromatographic condition included a Luna C_(18)(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)column and the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water(1:1,contained 3.4 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1.7 g of sodium laurylsulfate in 1000 mL).The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min~(-1).The column temperature was at room temperature and the detection wavelength was 347 nm.Results:The calibration curve was linear over the range of 5.48-49.34 μg ·mL~(-1)for dehydrocavidine(r=1.0000).The average recovery was 99.96%,RSD was 0.41%(n=6).Conclu- sion:The developed method can be used for quality control of Yanhuang]ian injection.

Objective:Studies on correlation of fingerprint between Yanhuanglian injection,Yanhuanglian and its extracts,to establish the fingerprint detecting standard of Yanhuanglian injection.Method:Chromatographic condi- tion included a Shim-pack CLC-ODS(150 mm×6.0 mm,5 μm)column and the gradient elution was adopted with acetonitrile-buffer solution,the detection wavelength was at 285 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL.Use simil- arty evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of TCM to evaluate.Results:Correlation was good between Yanhuanglian injection and Yanhuanglian,either its extracts.Conclusion:This study is useful for establish HPLC fingerprint of Yanhuanglian injection.

Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprint for the quality control of Yanhuanglian Injections.Methods HPLC Chromatography method was used.The conditions included a Shim-pack CLC-ODS column(250 mm×6.0 mm,5 μm),the gredient elution was adopted with acetonitrile-buffer solution(1∶1),the detection wavelength was at 285 nm,and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.The Operating Standard of Similarty Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Chinese Materia Medica(Version 2004A)was used to calculate.Results Similarity of 13 batches of injections was over 0.95,the fingerprint of Yanhuanglian Injections was established,and 12 common peaks were indicated.Conclusion This method can be applied to the quality control of Yanhuanglian Injections.

Objective:To establish HPLC fingerprint of Herba Corydalis Saxicolae.Method:Chromatographic condi- tion included a Shim-pack CLC-ODS(6.0 mm×150 mm,5 μm)column and the gradient was adopted elution with acetonitrile-buffer solution [ 0.05 mol·L~(-1) sodium heptanesulfonate-0.05 mol·L~(-1) potassium dihydrogen phos- phate(1:1),contained 0.2% diethylamine ,adjust to pH 3.0 with phosphoric acid] ,and gradient models were mobile phase from 20:80 to 27:73 in 0-130 min,then from 27:73 to 20:80 in 130-140 min,20:80 maintain for 20 min. The detection wavelength was at 285 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min~(-1),the column temperature was at room temperature.Use similarty evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of TCM to evaluate.Results:Similarity of 10 batches sample were 0.765-0.989,the fingerprint of Herba Corydalis Saxicolae was established and 8 common peaks were indicated.Conclusion:This method can be used for qualitaty control of Herba Corydalis Saxicolae.

OBJECTIVE To establish a method for the determination of polysaccharide in Tianxiong injection. METHODS Polysaccharide in Tianxiong injection was determined by colorimetry. RESULTS The linear range of polysaccharide was 10-50 μg·ml -1 (r=0.9999);The average recovery of this method was 98.7% with RSD of 0.83%(n=6). CONCLUSION The method is simple, accurate , reproducible and suitable for the determination of polysaccharide in Tianxiong injection.

<正> 作者从丹参Salvia miltiorrhiza Bung丙酮提取物中分离到4个具乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)抑制活性的二萜类化合物,并以改良的Ellman方法为导向,研究了它们对AChE的抑制活性。丹参干燥根于55℃用丙酮提取4h,减压回收溶剂至干。提取物经VLC硅胶柱层析,依次用甲苯、甲苯-二氯甲烷(1:1)、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、丙酮和甲醇洗脱,通过TLC检测得到6个部位F1～F6。将显示AChE抑制活性的F1和F2合并,以CC硅胶柱层析得4个部位

<正> 作者发现假荜茇Piper chaba Hunter(即P.retrofractum Vahl.)果实的80％丙酮提取物对乙醇和吲哚美辛诱导的大鼠胃损伤显示胃保护作用。经对该部位进一步分析,分得4个新的酰胺和10个已知化合物。将干燥的该植物果实切碎,用80％丙酮溶液于室温提取,减压回收溶剂。丙酮提取物

天芎注射液由川芎、天麻两味中药组成,用于偏头疼、老年痴呆、头风眩晕、目系眩急、身体拘倦等症.方中川芎的主要成分为阿魏酸.现代药理研究表明,阿魏酸有抑制血小板聚集、降低血小板活性和改善微循环的作用,是天芎注射液中的有效成分之一.因此,本实验选择阿魏酸作为定量指标,采用RP-HPLC法测定川芎及天芎注射液中阿魏酸的含量,方法快速、方便、专属.

作者从三叶木通Akebia trifoliata茎中分离、鉴定了3个新的三萜化合物(1～3)和3个新的三萜皂苷(11～13),以及7个已知三萜(4～10)和12个已知三萜皂苷(14～25).

建立天麻及天芎注射液中天麻素含量的测定方法.采用反相高效液相色谱法:以十八烷基键合硅胶柱(Inertsil ODS-3)为分析柱,乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(3∶97)为流动相,流速为1.0 ml*min-1,检测波长为220nm;采用外标法检测.天麻素的线性范围为0.5850～2.9248μg,r=0.9999;对天麻及天芎注射液测定的平均回收率分别为99.3%、99.0%(n=6).本法快速、方便,专属,适用于天麻药材及天芎注射液中天麻素的含量测定.

建立反相高效液相色谱法测定龙血竭中剑叶龙血素C含量的方法,以Phenomenex C18反相键合硅胶色谱柱为固定相,水一乙腈(33:67)为流动相,流速1 ml/min,检测波长为211nm;柱温35 C;用外标法定量.结果表明,剑叶龙血素C在42.85～342.8μg进样范围内有良好线性关系(r=0.9996).方法回收率为97.87%.本方法简便、准确,重复性好,可作为龙血竭中剑叶龙血素C的含量测定方法.

目的:研究山芝麻的薄层色谱鉴别方法.方法:采取溶剂萃取法、酸水解法和碱水解法三种方法,分别对山芝麻进行了薄层色谱鉴别试验研究.结果:分离效果好,重现性好.结论:三种薄层色谱鉴别方法为中药山芝麻的质量控制提供了依据,并对中成药中山芝麻的薄层鉴别具有一定的参考价值.