通过对涂层厚度测量方法的研究,比较分析各种方法的测试原理、适用范围,并就光热法开展基于钛合金基体的热障涂层实际测试验证,发现要想获取精准的涂层厚度,需要多种方法结合起来进行测试,而且对于不同形状的构件也需要灵活改变测试方法,以求测试过程能够准确、便捷.

采用扫描电镜、光学显微镜、硬度计和冲击功试验机,对输煤刮板链轮的失效进行了分析,结果表明该零件键槽处材料晶粒粗大,韧性较低,且该处存在应力集中,在设备起停冲击载荷作用下引起开裂.

通过对表示接头板化学成分分析、力学性能测试、断口分析、金相观察等分析方法,并结合其安装形式及工作过程进行了分析.结果表明,表示接头板断裂是由于外力损伤导致形成裂纹源,组织中有变形现象且存在过渡区域,加剧应力集中,进而在使役过程中疲劳扩展,最后形成断裂.建议安装或巡检时避免造成工件损伤,或更换强度更高的材料.

In order to investigate the influence of particle size of powder material and its distribution on the properties of powder liner,W and Cu powders were chosen as the main material of shaped charge liner,and a bit of bismuth powder was added to increase the liquidity of the mixed powders.The parti-cle properties of the W and Cu powders were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy.It showed that the W powder was regular,while the Cu powder was irregular.In the condition of materi-al mixture ratio being certain,three sets of liners were developed through changing the particle size of each component,and their microstructure,density,Vickers hardness and penetration power were stud-ied.The results show that reducing the particle size can effectively improve the compactness,density and penetration power of powder liner when the powder material properties and proportion are un-changed,but it has no significant effect on the Vickers hardness of powder liner.

将X射线法(XRD)的绝对应力测量评定转化为相对应力测量评定,以测量精确度和重复性为评价指标,对各种定峰方法的优劣性进行研究.实验证明,交相关法通过逐差法利用全部衍射峰信息,直接获取XRD法所需的布拉格角差值,有最好的测量精度和重复性.最大值法和抛物线法利用峰顶信息,具有较高的应力测量精度,但由于信息利用区间较窄,测量重复性较差,半高宽法(FWHM)测量精度和重复性很差,不适于对铝合金定峰.远离布拉格角处信息对重心法影响很大,对衍射峰的预处理要求也高,力臂的存在使得测量精度变差;力臂和波谱边缘随机性使测量重复性很差.交相关法对铝合金X射线应力测量有最好的定峰效果.

First established a finite element model of the test-bed to calculate the first five orders of its natural frequency.In contrast,simultaneous taking a experimental modal analysis.The analysis showed that 10 modal parameters MAC check matrices independent of each other in 415 Hz,the top 5 and the theory of finite element calculation results basically accord.The results provides a theoretical basis of the optimization design of the servo drive automatic control system,and play a great significance on the vibration suppression.

B级、B+级铸钢在实际生产检验中发现大珠光体团,并伴随有魏氏组织存在。通过试验分析,认为其原因是单铸试棒本身在与工件一起热处理之前的状态与实际工件之间存在差异,造成了一些假象,给实际检测带来了困扰。

The most suitable diffraction angle of aluminum alloy 3003 used for stress measuring is aimed to be determined in this paper. The experiment makes a stress measurement of a loading aluminum alloy 3003 equal strength beam with the traditional electrical measuring method and the X-ray stress measurement. With the electrical measuring method as reference, the research study the measured values that acquired from the X-ray diffraction method when the diffraction angle are 142° and 156°, and then compare them with that acquired from electrical measuring method. The measurement results demonstrate that the diffraction angle at 156 ° is better than at 142 ° based on the assessment standards of the liner slope and the distribution of data. Thus the optimum diffraction angle for X-ray to measure the macroscopic stress of aluminum alloy 3003 is 156 °. In this paper，the stress caused by the load on the equal strength beam is assumed to be "residual stress" and thus the conclusion has reference values for the standardization of residual stress measurement of aluminum alloy by XRD and has theoretical guiding significance in the production practices.

The modal recognition principle and independent component analysis principle are described,illustrating the correspondence relationship between the ICA mixing matrix and the modal frequency,which uses signal processing techniques in the mechanical system dynamics.Making the model analysis on the rack,using different algorithms to the obtained vibration signals,the natural frequency of the rack is extracted and compared.The result shows that the method based on Independent Component Analysis can be used to identify the modal parameters effectively.The results of modal parameters obtained are valuable to reduce the vibration of the detector to ensure the stable operation of the detector.The results have some theoretical and practical significance for modal parameter identification problem which can only measure response of mechanical systems.

The most suitable diffraction angle of 3003 aluminum alloy used for surface residual stress measurment was determined.The surface stress caused by the load is assumed to be "surface residual stress".The surface stress of loading 3003 aluminum alloy was analyzed by the traditional electrical measurment method and X-ray stress measurement.With the electrical measurment method as reference,the measured values were abtained from the X-ray diffraction method when the diffraction angle were 142° and 156°,and then compared with those obtained from electrical measurment method.The measurement results demonstrate that the diffraction angle at 156 ° is better than at 142 ° based on the assessment standards of the liner slope and the distribution of data.Thus,the optimum diffraction angle for X-ray to measure the macroscopic surface residual stress of aluminum alloy 3003 is 156 °.