Under the new demand model of Agriculture 4.0, automated spraying is a very complex task in precision agriculture, which needs to be combined with a computerized vision perception system to distinguish the plant leaf density and execute the spraying operation in real-time accordingly. Aiming at the accurate determination of grape leaf density, an image leaf density determination method based on the lightweight Vision Transformer (ViT) architecture is proposed, which designs a fusion data augmentation method containing a dual augmentation spatial extension and weather data augmentation method, where the former adopts the pixel augmentation and spatial augmentation for the original image processing, and the latter realizes the data augmentation from the empirical point of view adapted to the agricultural operation environment, and fuses the two in order to expand the sample capacity of the grape leaf density image, which then enhances the model's generalization ability and robustness. The lightweight ViT model has self-attention that can automatically and efficiently extract high-frequency local feature representations and use the two-branch structure to mix high-frequency and low-frequency information to form grapevine-leaf density features in the region of interest. The semantic analysis of the feature extraction layer is parsed using t-SNE and histogram methods, which improves the transparency of the model from the multidimensional with frequency domain distribution space. The experimental results show that the fusion data augmentation method can effectively improve the model recognition accuracy, and the accuracy of comparing the included data augmentation methods is improved by 0.55 % and 3.46 %, respectively. The accuracy of recognizing all four types of grape leaf densities exceeded 94 %, and the MCC reached 90.39 %. In addition, the proposed lightweight ViT improves the accuracy by at least 0.34 % with FLOPs of only 0.6 G compared to the popular MobileViT. The proposed method of this work has high recognition speed and accuracy, which can provide practical technical support for plant protection spraying robots and improve the profitability of growers based on the reduction of pesticide residues.

The contradiction between the demand of urban economic development and ecological environmental protection is becoming more and more prominent, and the reasonable construction of ecological corridors is of great significance for the protection of urban ecosystems. Taking Changle District of Fuzhou coastal city as an example, this study proposes an ecological source identification method from the perspective of “structure-function” by combining Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) and Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) methods, and constructs and optimizes ecological corridors by means of the model of Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) and Circuit Theory. The results show that: (1) a total of 20 ecological sources were extracted based on MSPA-RSEI; (2) a total of 31 ecological corridors were extracted based on Linkage Mapper, including 8 Level 1 corridors, 13 Level 2 corridors, and 10 Level 3 corridors; (3) the Pinch Point and Barrier Mapper software was utilized to identify 6.01 km2 and 2.59 km2, respectively, as Level 1 “pinch points” and barrier points within the study area. The land use types of these areas were as follows: The majority of “pinch points” were forested (60.72%), while the majority of barrier points were composed of construction land (55.27%), bare land (17.27%), and cultivated land (13.90%). (4) the optimal width of the corridor was determined by using the buffer zone method and gradient analysis: 30 m for the Level 1 corridor, 60 m for the Level 2 and Level 3 corridors, and the average current density before and after the construction of the eco-corridor was increased from 0.1881 to 0.4992. The results of the study can provide a reference for the decision-making of the ecological construction of the Changle District and the coastal urban areas of eastern China.

The rapid increase in urbanization has brought about a great deal of ecological problems, and thus the systematic protection of the environment is vital. Ecological security patterns are important for maintaining regional ecological stability and sustainable urban development. Human disturbance is a key factor affecting the stability and sustainable development of ecosystems. This paper constructs an ecological security pattern and evaluates the degree of human disturbance in Fuzhou City. Through a comprehensive analysis of both of these factors, the ecological priority restoration areas in Fuzhou were identified. The study shows that (1) there are 40 ecological source areas in Fuzhou, with a total area of 4556.48 km(2); 83 ecological corridors, with a total distance of 179.33 km; and 30 ecological nodes. (2) The human disturbance degree score in the study area is between 0 and 0.8. The degree of human disturbance forms two larger major cores in Cangshan District, Gulou District, and Fuqing City. (3) The scores for the degree of human disturbance with ecological sources range from 0 to 0.42. The high-priority areas in the study area are distributed at the edges of ecological sources and form two high-scoring aggregation areas in Fuqing City and Jinan District. These corridors have a high degree of human disturbance with scores between 0 and 0.56. The I and II priority areas are mostly found in longer corridors in Fuqing City and Cangshan District near coastal or urban centers, and the III priority areas are mainly distributed in ecological corridors near the inland. The human disturbance degree scores of the nodes range from 0.01 to 0.27, and the nodes with higher grades were mainly distributed in the northeast, southeast, northwest and southwest of the study area.

为研究不同发展情景模式下城市蓝绿空间变化,以福州市中心城区为研究对象,基于CA-Markov模型,模拟自然-生态-协调三种情景模式下城市蓝绿空间的格局变化,并利用InVEST生境质量模型进一步揭示蓝绿空间的生境质量演化特征.结果表明:(1)福州市2000―2020年蓝绿空间面积不断减少,绿色空间面积共减少了143.18 km2,蓝色空间面积增加了5.28 km2.其中耕地面积减少最多,为110.36 km2.主要转出为人造地表(26.32%).(2)不同情景模式下,自然发展情景的蓝绿空间减少最多,共减少了79.63 km2,人造地表增加了75.38 km2;生态保护情景下,蓝绿空间增加了3.76 km2,人造地表增加了0.96 km2;协调发展情景下,蓝绿空间减少了49.23 km2,人造地表增加了46.01 km2.(3)2000―2020年福州市生境质量进一步恶化,平均生境质量指数呈下降趋势,分别为0.673 0、0.658 2、0.624 8.3种情景模式中,生境质量指数均值从高到低分别为生态保护情景＞协调发展情景＞自然发展情景,分别为0.635 6、0.617 0、0.574 4.为改善区域生态环境,维持地区生境质量,应采取适当的生态保护措施,同时严格限制城市人造地表的扩张,开展可持续的国土空间整治工作.

Urban street greening is an important part of urban green infrastructure, and Green View Index (GVI) is widely used to assess urban street quality and ecosystem service value as an important indicator to quantify the perception of green street landscape from a pedestrian perspective. However, the distribution of street greenery is imbalanced. Therefore, to explore the differences in street greening levels within urban cities, we crawled streetscape data using the Internet to assess the spatial distribution patterns of urban street GVI using deep learning and spatial autocorrelation, and combined 11 surrounding environmental features with multi-source geographic data to further analyze the key factors influencing the spatial variation of block GVI using ordinary least squares, geographically weighted regression (GWR) models, and multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) models. The results show that the mean value of GVI in Fuzhou city is low (23.08%), with large differences among neighborhoods and a significant spatial autocorrelation. Among the regression models, MGWR has the best fit with an R2 of 0.702, where the variables of NDVI, house price, accessibility of water bodies and parks, and the proportion of built-up land have a greater impact on GVI, and the factors do not have the same spatial effect size. The results can provide a scientific basis for promoting green visual equity in different blocks.

旅游者环境契合度、沉浸体验与游憩体验质量是关乎旅游地可持续发展的话题.本文以武夷山国家公园为案例地进行研究,以SPSS 22.0为统计工具,对收集到的236份问卷进行数据分析处理,构建并验证了旅游者环境契合度的影响因素与关系模型.研究结果显示,环境契合度显著正向影响沉浸体验,国家公园游憩区开展旅游应开发与旅游者产生高契合的游憩项目及活动,吸引旅游者沉浸式体验.另外,沉浸体验显著正向影响游憩体验质量,国家公园游憩区应通过不断完善解说系统、丰富国家公园导览解说参与等方法提高旅游者的沉浸体验程度,从而提高旅游者游憩体验质量.最后,研究根据环境契合度越高,对应的游憩体验质量就越高这一作用关系,提出国家公园管理者不仅要重视旅游者沉浸体验程度,而且要通过完善国家公园环境设施、经营管理等提高满意度和游憩地社区居民的友好度,由环境契合度的提高来助力游憩体验质量的提升.

新冠疫情对我国旅游业造成了巨大的冲击,在当前疫情常态化防控背景下研究居民风险感知和旅游行为意向的变化具有现实意义.文章基于计划行为理论,引入风险感知变量,构建居民旅游行为意向测量模型,利用SPSS25.0进行实证分析发现:(1)风险感知中的恐惧性变量和不可控性变量直接负向影响居民旅游行为意向;(2)主观规范、行为态度和知觉行为控制直接正向影响居民旅游行为意向;(3)通过人口统计学特征分析,发现性别、年龄在各个变量上不存在差异;学历、职业、收入水平则与各个变量之间呈现部分显著性差异.随后根据实证分析结果提出相关建议.

以福建省5A级景区的官方微信公众号作为研究对象,通过测算景区公众号微信传播指数WCI,运用ROST Content Mining词频分析软件,分析福建省5 A级景区微信公众号的内容运营状况和受众偏好.结果表明:福建省5A级景区微信公众号在运营上存在极端差异;部分公众号推文频率较低且发文时间不固定、无规律,文章形式较为单一;同质化现象严重,整体影响力偏低.在偏好研究上,受众对旅游目的地、景区信息、景区活动、出游时间等方面都有不同程度倾向.基于以上研究结果,建议福建省5A级景区管理者今后应从重视微信公众号运营水平、增强内容吸引力、增加日常内容互动、丰富营销宣传渠道四个方面落实,逐步提升景区影响力.

[目的/意义]为研究抖音短视频传播对厦门城市旅游形象的建构状况.[方法/过程]运用内容分析法与问卷调查法等研究方法,探讨短视频传播过程中厦门城市旅游形象建构的现状、评价、重要性.[结果/结论]抖音对于建构厦门城市旅游形象确实存在很大助力,但仍有提升空间;从加强多方联合与引导,推动优质内容创作,增强线上线下互动,增加地域核心文化展现4个方面提出建议,以期提升厦门市旅游形象.

旅游者分享到网络上的旅行图片蕴含了旅游者对目的地形象的关键信息,在新冠肺炎疫情常态化背景下,深入了解旅游者感知对旅游目的地形象的影响,既能丰富和深化旅游目的地形象群体差异的研究,又可以为旅游精准营销提供理论依据,对于疫后旅游业恢复发展具有重要意义.以张家界国家森林公园为案例地,从Flickr网站上获取张家界国家森林公园15037张有效UGC图片,利用深度学习算法分析出以"形容词+名词"为主要构成的图片表征内容,通过图片表征内容词频的统计进行森林公园旅游形象感知分析.研究发现:1)认知形象方面,旅游者对自然风光、建筑维度具有共性的认知,在人物、文化艺术、食物等维度上却存在个性化认知;2)情感形象方面,86.48％的比例是"令人愉快的"和"兴奋的"等正面形象认知词汇,13.52％的比例流露出"人满为患的""拥挤的"等负面情感词汇.通过对正负面认知词汇和情感词汇的讨论,发现张家界国家森林公园旅游形象感知存在的问题,并以此有针对性地为张家界国家森林公园的旅游形象塑造及营销提出相关参考建议.

城市公园可达性和城市绿地资源公平性,对城市合理规划和提升居民服务水平具有重要意义.基于网络分析方法和两步移动搜索法,总结莆田市区步行、骑车和车行三种交通方式的城市公园可达性和公园服务人口可达性现状.结果表明莆田市公园总体可达性不理想,整体城市公园供需比较低,近50％的城市居民无法在15min内到达城市公园;城市公园的可达性结果受公园数量规模、交通状况和人口分布不均影响.针对服务盲区,未来城市规划应改造闲置绿地,见缝插"绿",平衡城市公园分布格局,提高城市居民绿地的公平性.

以科技文献数据库(web of science,WOS)中的1958篇水景观相关文献为研究对象,采用CiteSpace软件绘制知识图谱,通过文献计量分析和人工检阅相结合,客观定量呈现该领域发展脉络和研究现状.结果表明:①该领域核心作者及研究机构群体较分散,尚未形成足够成熟的合作网络;②水景观研究涉及多学科领域交叉,其中环境科学与生态学对水景观研究领域有重要影响;③景观生态质量的改善和解决城市发展问题,将是拓展水景观研究方向及把握前沿的主要内容;④滨水区驳岸建设和城市生态保护是现阶段该领域的主要热点.针对目前的研究现状,在水景观规划中应注重多学科知识的交叉运用,促进城市发展与生态环境的协调,尝试新的量化工具和评估模型,推动水景观研究在各领域的突破发展,营造良好人居环境.

城市综合公园是居民日常休闲、娱乐、社交的主要场所,其空间布局的合理性和便捷性直接影响居民的生活环境质量.文章以福州市三环内综合公园为研究对象,结合建筑物及城市兴趣点(point of Interests,POI)的空间分布对综合公园服务能力和潜在服务需求进行分析,并运用LA模型合理确定综合公园潜在建设点的数量、位置及服务范围.结果 表明:鼓楼区、台江区和晋安区综合公园服务能力较好,大部分建筑与POI点均能享受综合公园服务,仓山区综合公园服务能力较差,分布不够均衡,且存在大量有综合公园潜在服务需求的区域.经LA模型运算后,确定9个综合公园潜在建设点,为综合公园布局优化提供适宜性建议.

以Citespace软件为研究工具,将2001年3月至2021年3月的2450篇国家公园相关的核心论文作者、研究机构、摘要及关键词进行了共现分析,对突现词进行了检测.结果表明:①国家公园核心作者较多,发表8篇以上高产核心作者共有23位,整体研究程度有待提升.②研究机构已展开领域内协作,但合作不密切、程度低.③国家公园研究的侧重点在国家公园体制、生态旅游、生态保护、国家公园管理4方面.④国内国家公园未来研究、发展的趋势是在生态系统服务方面.最终对研究结果做出了评述,并提出对我国国家公园研究4点相关建议.

为探究冠顶式步道开展森林康养行为的新型功能,以国内首座冠顶式步道——福州"福道"为例,运用ROST CM6软件,从大众点评、马蜂窝、携程等旅游点评网站上筛选出公众对"福道"的评论文本,整理出与康养行为相关的高频词汇,绘制语义网络分析图.以此为基础,对森林康养活动行为特征要素进行编码与赋值,运用SPSS24.0进行IPA分析,探究冠顶式步道游客康养行为的结构特点.最后,结合分析数据提出4点针对性建议.

文章基于网络文本分析法,运用ROST CM 6.0软件研究游客对崇武古城旅游景区形象的感知.通过携程网、去哪儿网和马蜂窝旅游网共获取有效网络评论及游记1723条(篇).研究获取了游客感知形象高频词汇和语义网络结构分布图,并进行情感倾向分析.研究结果:游客对崇武古城的总体印象良好,正向情感为主导,其中"古城""石雕"是崇武古城最关键的旅游吸引要素,其次为滨海风光;游客的旅游感知形象类型表现为景点景观、人文风情、感知体验、旅游服务四方面;消极情绪感知反应出景区旅游项目收费高、私家旅行停车难、基础设施完善弱、旅游管理制度差5项问题.因此,提出优化服务、规范管理制度,强化特色、适度扩大开发,开发文旅、开发智能服务四项提升策略.

以ArcGIS10.5软件模拟步行、非机动车和机动车三种出行方式,结合城市人口分布数据,从公园个体和整体两个角度分析龙岩市主城区内7个城市公园可达性.结果表明:公园地理位置集中于中部,分布不均,城市路网不完善;机动车可达效果最佳,20min内可达面积比为56.62％,人口比为71.23％;整体上公园的可达面积、人口比较低,其中路网不完善是影响公园可达性的重要因素.基于此,提出均衡公园及入口数量、完善路网等优化意见,为提高城市公园服务公平性及优化城市公园空间格局提供参考.

This paper, combining web text analysis and IPA model, takes Jinjishan Park in Fuzhou as the research object to explore the tourism image perception of urban mountain parks from the perspective of Internet big data. The ROST CM6 software is used to filter out public comment texts on Fuzhou Jinjishan Park from tourism comment websites such as Dianping.com, mafengwo.com, Ctrip, and qyer.com, and calculate the high-frequency vocabulary. Based on this, the SPSS24.0 software is used for IPA analysis to explore the structure of tourist destination tourism experience elements and the evaluation of tourist experience satisfaction. The research results show that the overall score of the tourist experience elements of the park is relatively high, indicating that tourists’ overall feeling of tourism activities is better, and the weakest elements should be rectified; the difference in importance scores indicates that tourists are more interested in tourism experience. There are difference in the scores of elements, and the elements with high importance and weak performance shall be upgraded. According to the research results, it is recommended to give priority to the improvement of the park’s identification system, followed by sports and health experience, natural ecological environment, and then the systematic improvement of historical and cultural science to provide tourists with a higher-quality tour experience.