ObjectiveTo understand the research status of post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） at home and abroad in recent five years， and to grasp the research frontiers and hot spots in this field.MethodsTwo electronic databases， Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， were retrieved for the literature published from January 1， 2017 to December 31， 2021. A total of 8 505 literatures were included， then the visualization analysis of the number of publications， authors， countries， institutions and keywords was conducted based on Microsoft Excel and CiteSpace software.Results① The number of publications in domestic and foreign showed an increasing trend in recent five years. ② In foreign literature， the top five countries in terms of the number of publications were the United States， the United Kingdom， China， Australia and Canada， with Canada having the highest centrality （0.18）. ③ Both domestic and foreign research institutions were dominated by universities. ④ In terms of the number of articles published， the top three foreign scholars were Bryant RA， Ressler KJ and Greenberg N， and the top three Chinese scholars were Wu Xinchun， Li Yuefeng， Yan Xingke and Zhang Guiqing （tied for the third place）. Compared with foreign authors， the number of articles published by Chinese scholars was relatively small. ⑤ In terms of research keywords， PTSD and depression were of more concern in both domestic and foreign.ConclusionIn recent five years， PTSD has been a hot topic at home and abroad， with both domestic and international studies focusing on PTSD and depression， and strengthening international exchanges may help promote progress in the field of PTSD research.

目的 基于Citespace分析近20年国内外间苯三酚研究热点,为该领域科研发展提供借鉴.方法 检索Web of Science(WOS)及中国知网(CNKI)数据库,检索时间2002年1月1日至2022年12月31日.应用Excel和Citespace软件对数据进行文献计量及可视化分析.结果 共纳入4431篇文献.①国内外发文数量均呈增长趋势.②发文最多的国家是中国,国外发文数量最多的是机构是法国国家科学研究中心,国内发文最多的是中国科学院.③国外发文量最多的研究者是Glaser,Thorsten,国内

ObjectiveTo evaluate the methodological quality of systematic review / Meta analysis （SR/MA） of intervention randomized controlled trial （RCT） published in the Sichuan Mental Health.MethodsThe literature databases such as Wanfang Data， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodical （VIP） and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database （CBM） were searched for the SRs/MAs of intervention RCTs published in the Sichuan Mental Health from the initial issue to the issue published on 31 June 2021. Then the methodological quality of eligible SRs/MAs were assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews 2 （AMSTAR 2）.ResultsThe literature search yielded 24 full-text articles， and the mean AMSTAR 2 score of the included SRs/MAs was （5.21±3.63） with a range from 1 to 11. The total AMSTAR 2 score for SRs/MAs showed difference in terms of the publication date prior to or later than the publication of AMSTAR-2 tool （t=-5.499）， number of authors ≤ 2 or ≥ 3 （t=-6.736）， with or without funding support （t=3.329） and author unit nature （F=7.827）， with statistical significance （P<0.01）. All selected studies had deficiencies on explicit statement of a priori design and registrations， list of excluded studies and reasons for exclusion， sources of funding for the research in systematic review， potential conflicts of interest statement， and funding information of the systematic review.ConclusionThe methodological quality of SRs/MAs of intervention RCTs published in the Sichuan Mental Health varies widely， After the release of AMSTAR 2， the methodological quality has improved， but the report still needs to be further standardized to provide high-quality evidence-based evidence.

目的 探讨血清S-100钙结合蛋白β(S-100β)和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)对急诊脑出血患者预后的预测价值.方法 选择2016年10月至2019年10月该院急诊收治的128例脑出血患者的资料进行回顾性分析.根据出院时患者的改良Rankin评分(MRS)将患者分为预后良好组(0～3分),预后不良组(4～6分).比较两组的一般临床资料.对比两组的病理资料,进行脑出血患者预后的单因素分析及多因素分析,探讨急诊脑出血患者预后的影响因素.计算血清S-100β和NES水平对于急诊脑出血患者预后的预测价值.分析血清S-100β和NES的相关性.结果 本研究中预后良好组共96例,预后不良组共32例.年龄、BMI、血清S-100β、血清NES、出血进入脑室、出血量、脑疝、糖尿病均是急诊脑出血患者预后的影响因素(OR=1.031、1.059、1.074、1.070、26.258、1.068、10.880、3.553,P<0.05).血清S-100β和NES水平判断急诊脑出血患者预后的最佳截断值分别为209.93 ng/mL和15.46 pg/mL,约登指数分别为50.00％和38.54％.血清S-100β和NES之间呈正相关(r=0.256,P<0.05).结论 血清S-100β和NES水平能够对急诊脑出血患者的预后进行良好的预测,两种指标对于脑出血患者的病情变化具有良好的指示作用.

Objective:To investigate the long-term influence of strengthening management under transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring in prognosis of patients with severe craniocerebral injury during hospitalization.Methods:According to the randomized parallel controlled clinical trial, from June 2016 to December 2019, 84 patients from First Ward and Neurological Intensive Care Unit of Department of Neurosurgery, Xianyang First People's Hospital, 12 patients from Third Surgical Department, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Linqu County, and 10 patients from First Brain Surgical Department, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Linqu County were randomly divided into control group and observation group ( n=53). Patients in the control group used postoperative management plan proposed by BTF Guidelines for Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (4 th Edition) , and patients in the observation group accepted strengthening management plan formulated by our research group on the basis of treatment in the control group: TCD monitoring of middle cerebral artery and extracranial internal carotid artery was daily used to record or calculate blood pressure, systolic peak velocity, end-diastolic velocity, vascular resistance index, mean arterial pressure, noninvasive cerebral perfusion pressure, cerebral vascular resistance, noninvasive intracranial pressure, and Lindegaard index; and individualized strengthening management was given according to the monitoring indicators. The average length of hospitalization, proportion of subdural effusion during hospitalization, and Glasgow outcome scale-extended (GOSE) scores at 6 months after injury were compared between the two groups. Results:The average length of hospitalization ([20.7±4.2] d) and proportion of subdural effusion during hospitalization (9.4%) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ([28.2±4.4] d, 20.7%, P<0.05). The GOSE scores at 6 months after injury (5.5±1.2) were significantly higher than those in the control group (3.2±0.9, P<0.05). Conclusion:Strengthening management under TCD monitoring during hospitalization can more effectively improve the long-term prognosis of patients with severe craniocerebral injury.

目的:探讨中枢神经特异蛋白(Soluble protein-100β,S100β)和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(Neuron specific enolase,NSE)水平预测急诊高血压脑出血患者预后的价值.方法:回顾性分析我院2018年04月至2019年07月期间急诊入院的190例高血压脑出血患者血清S100β蛋白和NSE水平,统计患者入院后30天的病死率.采用Pearson分析血清S100β蛋白、NSE水平与预后的相关性;以ROC曲线评估血清S100β蛋白和NSE水平单独和联合预测高血压脑出血患者的预后.结果:Pearson相关性分析结果显示患者血清S100β蛋白与NSE含量呈正相关(r=0.16,P<0.05).ROC曲线显示:S100β、NSE均可单独预测患者预后,而预测的准确性依次为:S100β>(S100β+NSE)=NSE.结论:S100β、NSE作为生物学指标可以预测患者预后,S100β准确性更高.

目的 系统评价氨磺必利和利培酮治疗老年精神分裂症的效果和安全性,为老年精神分裂症患者药物治疗的选择提供参考.方法 检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库,纳入关于氨磺必利和利培酮治疗老年精神分裂症效果和安全性的随机对照试验(RCT).由两名评价员独立评价文献质量和提取数据,采用RevMan 5.3进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入7篇RCT,Meta分析结果显示:①老年精神分裂症患者使用氨磺必利和利培酮治疗后2周、4周、6周、8周的PANSS总评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);②老年精神分裂症患者使用氨磺必利与利培酮治疗后4周、8周阴性症状评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);③老年精神分裂症患者使用氨磺必利与利培酮治疗后4周、8周阳性症状评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);④氨磺必利组和利培酮组失眠、心动过速、震颤、头晕、头痛、静坐不能、肌肉强直、胃肠反应比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 氨磺必利和利培酮在治疗老年精神分裂症的效果和安全性相当.

隐睾是一种小儿泌尿系先天性发育畸形中的一种,早期治疗有助于减少睾丸癌及不孕不育发生率.目前的治疗方式有激素和手术治疗,而手术治疗是金标准.可扪及型隐睾有多种手术方式,每种手术方式各有优势.现将可扪及型隐睾的手术方式做一综述.

Objective To explore whether it is worthy of clinical attention of hiccup can be regarded as the first symptom of Cushing ulcer with bleeding or not. Methods A retrospective study of 42 cases with Cushing ulcer and bleeding as the first symptom of hiccup was given to analyze the relationship between the first appearance time of hiccup and the first 24 h gastrointestinal decompression drainage, compare the difference in duration of hemorrhage, incidence of hemodynamic instability, and mortality between patients who received comprehensive therapy within 1 h and those who received more than 1 h of treatment. Results There was a correlation between the first appearance of hiccup and the gastrointestinal decompression drainage within the first 24 h (pearson correlation coefficien r=-0.802). The group of intervention within 1 h had shorter duration of bleeding, lower incidence of hemodynamic instability and mortality (P<0.05). Conclusion The first moment of hiccup has a negative correlation with gastrointestinal decompression and drainage volume within 24 h, the diagnosis of Cushing ulcer combined with hemorrhage within 1 h of hiccup occurres, and timely comprehensive treatment is more beneficial for patients. Key words: Stress ulcer; Cushing ulcer; Hiccup

目的 系统评价1 470 nm激光汽化术与经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)比较治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的有效性和安全性.方法 计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、CBM、CNKI、WanFang Data和VIP数据库,搜集有关1 470 nm激光汽化术与TURP比较治疗BPH有效性和安全性的随机对照试验(RCT)和非随机对照试验(non-RCT),检索时限均为建库至2018年10月22日.由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入6个RCT和4个non-RCT.Meta分析结果显示:相比TURP,1 470 nm激光汽化术术中出血更少[MD=-103.87,95％CI(-148.08,-59.65),P＜0.000 01]、住院时间更短[MD=-3.82,95％CI(-4.35,-3.28),P＜0.000 01]、留置尿管时间更短[MD=-2.24,95％CI(-3.45,-1.02),P=0.000 3]、术后血红蛋白下降更少[MD=-1.63,95％CI(-3.14,-0.12),P=0.03]、继发性出血发生率更低[OR=0.13,95％CI (0.03,0.48),P=0.002].但两组在手术时间、术后膀胱冲洗时间、短暂性尿失禁及尿道狭窄、术后3个月国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)和最大尿流率(Qmax)变化方面的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 当前证据显示,1 470 nm激光汽化术在减少术中出血及继发性出血方面优于TURP,可能更适用于抗凝状态或有凝血功能障碍患者的前列腺手术.受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,上述结论尚待更多高质量研究予以验证.

Objective Both flee triiodothyronine (FT3) level and Glasgow Coma scale (GCS) scores have been separately described as prognostic predictors for mortality in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH).This study is conducted to investigate the relationship and prognostic impact of low-T3 syndrome and GCS in HICH patients.Methods Two hundred and thirty patients with HICH,admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to January 2016,were chosen and performed thyroid hormone levels examination (FT3,FT4 and thyroid stimulating hormone [TSH] 3).According to the thyroid hormone results,these patients were divided into low T3 group I (FT3＜3.1 pmol/L,normal TSH level) and normal thyroid function group (normal FT3,FT4 and TSH levels).According to best cut-off levels defined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve,these patients were divided into low GCS scores group (GCS＜7.5) and high GCS scores group (GCS＞7.5),and low T3 group Ⅱ (FT3＜2.85 pmol/L) and high T3 group (FT3＞2.85 pmol/L).Telephone follow-up was performed every 6 months,and using death or re-bleeding during follow-up period as end point of the event,prognostic values of FT3 level and GCS scores defined by ROC curve in mortality and re-bleeding rote were recorded;survival rate of these patients were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves and compared between each two groups;multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze the relations of FT3 level and GCS scores with mortality and re-bleeding rate.Results As compared with normal thyroid function group,low T3 group Ⅰ had significantly higher re-bleeding rate,percentage of patients with blood loss＞30 mL,and rate of breaking into the ventricles,and statistically lower GCS scores at admission and FT3 level (P＜0.05);the mean age in patients of low T3 group Ⅰ was significantly elder than that in patients of normal thyroid function group (P＜0.05).ROC results indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of GCS scores in predicting mortality and re-bleeding rate were 63％ and 73％,and those of FT3 level were 45％ and 73％.Kaplan-Meier curves showed that both low GCS group and low T3 group Ⅱ had significantly increased mortality and re-bleeding rate as compared with high GCS group and high T3 group (P＜0.05).Unified prediction results indicated that patients from low T3 and low GCS group had significantly higher mortality and re-bleeding rate as compared with patients from low T3 and high GCS group,high T3 and low GCS group,and high T3 and high GCS group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Low T3 syndrome is common in patients with HICH;FT3 level and GCS scores appear to be important predictors for mortality and recurrence in patients with HICH.

Objective To analyze the application value of SCS score in prognostic prediction of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in emergency department.Methods A total of 350 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Mianyang from January to December of 2015 were selected.MEWS and SCS scores were used respectively after admission to emergency department.The scores were compared between survival group and death group.The mortality rates of each group with SCS score less than 5,6-11,and 12 points were compared.The difference and correlation between SCS score and MEWS score were compared.The accuracies of SCS score and MEWS score were compared.Results With the increase of SCS score,the mortality rate and MEWS score increased (P＜ 0.05).There were significant differences between any two groups(P ＜ 0.05).The SCS score and MEWS score in the death group were higher than those in the survival group (P ＜ 0.05).SCS was positively correlated with MEWS score (r =0.647,P ＜ 0.01).AUCSCS =0.908,AUCMEWS =0.896,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion SCS score is more reliable and accurate for evaluating the condition and prognosis of patients with acute hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage,which is worthy of clinical promotion.

患者女,42 岁,主诉"双眼视物模糊半年,进行性加重1个月",于2017年4 月6 日至咸阳市第一人民医院就诊.眼科检查:左眼裸眼视力3. 0、右眼2. 0 ;光学相干断层成像检查示左眼生理性盲点扩大(图1A),右眼鼻下视野缺损(图1B).头颅MRI 示鞍区占位,大小约 1. 4 cm ×0. 9 cm × 2. 0 cm,考虑垂体瘤(见图 2).

Objective: To explore the protective effect of Erigeron injection on hemorrhagic brain injury in rats.Methods: The intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) model was established in rats with a mixture of collagenase and heparin injected into caudate-putamen,and then the rats were randomly divided into three groups:control,model and treatment groups,respectively.Animals of treatment group were killed on the 3rd,5th and 7th day after drug injection.Neurological functional scores of each group were evaluated according to the Berdson Scoring Criteria.The expression of TNF-α and IL-8 in brain areas around hemorrhagic focus were tested by immunohistochemical methods,and apoptosis rate of nerve cells was examined by flow cytometry.Results: Compared with the model group,neurologic function scores of treatment group were significantly increased(P<0.05).Nerve cell apoptosis rate of Erigeron-treated group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);and inflammatory factors,TNF-α and IL-8 in brain areas around hemorrhagic focus were significantly decreased in treatment group(P<0.05).Conclusion: Erigeron injection can protect neurons and promote the recovery of neurological function.

目的:探讨灯盏花素注射液对大鼠出血性脑损伤的保护作用.方法:用胶原酶和肝素混合液注入大鼠尾壳核建立脑出血(ICH)模型,然后将大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和治疗组.治疗组动物于注射灯盏花素注射液后第3、5、7d后处死.应用Berdson评分标准对各组大鼠进行神经功能评分,应用免疫组织化学方法检测出血灶周围TNF-α和IL-8的表达,应用流式细胞术检测神经细胞凋亡率.结果:与模型组比较,治疗组大鼠神经功能评分明显增加(P＜0.05)；灯盏花素治疗组脑细胞的凋亡率明显减低(P＜0.05)；治疗组出血灶周围炎症因子TNF-α,IL-8明显减少(P＜0.05)；结论:灯盏花素注射液能保护神经元,促进神经功能恢复.

目的:探讨无头架硬通道植入技术微创清除血肿治疗高血压脑出血的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析采用无头架硬通道植入技术微创清除血肿治疗高血压脑出血126例临床资料。结果:术后3～6月按ADL标准对112例生存者行疗效评定,Ⅰ级23例;Ⅱ级54例;Ⅲ级26例;Ⅳ级6例;Ⅴ级3例。结论:无头架硬通道植入技术微创清除血肿操作简便,创伤小,疗效满意,是治疗高血压脑出血的一种有效方法。

目的 比较微波加热修复法和盐酸水解修复法在大鼠脑组织免疫组化中的染色效果.方法 通过使用不同的抗原修复方法,比较大鼠凋亡脑组织Bcl-2免疫组化标记的阳性表达率及阳性表达差异.结果 ①微波加热修复组和盐酸水解修复组Bcl-2阳性表达率分别与不修复组作比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；而微波加热修复组和盐酸水解修复组的Bcl-2阳性表达率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；②微波加热修复组和盐酸水解修复组的Bcl-2阳性表达差异比较具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 与盐酸水解修复法相比,微波加热修复法可作为一种相对更有效的方法应用于大鼠脑组织石蜡切片的免疫组化实验.

烟碱型乙胆碱受体(nAChR)是介导突触间快速信号传递的配体门控的离子通道蛋白.nAChR大体可分为中枢型和外周型两类.中枢型nAChR包括脑nAChR和神经元nAChR;外周型nAChR包括成熟型ε-nAChR和胚胎型γ-nAChR.nAChR由不同的亚单位构成,至今,已确认的16种nAChR亚单位分别为α1-7,α9-10,β1-4,δ,ε,γ,不同亚单位的不同的组合表现出不同的药理学和生理学的特征.

目的进一步提高阿尔茨海默病(AD)的治疗效果。方法取健康雄性SD大鼠50只,随机分为正常组(10只)、模型组(10只)和观察组(30只);除正常组外,其余大鼠均腹腔注射D-半乳糖60 mg/(kg.d)制备AD模型;制模成功后观察组予"益智醒脑"电针法刺激。采用定位航行试验测定电针刺激2、4、6周结束时各组逃避潜伏期;空间探索试验观察各组跨台次数及目标象限游泳时间百分比;免疫组化法检测各组海马区神经元上α7烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(α7nAChR)表达的变化。结果观察组与模型组较对照组逃避潜伏期增长,跨台次数及目标象限游泳时间百分比均减少,CA3区α7nAChR阳性神经元减少、灰度值减低(P均<0.01),但观察组与模型组各指标比较P均<0.01。结论 "益智醒脑"电针法可改善AD模型大鼠空间记忆能力,且呈时间依赖性;海马CA3区α7nAChR是电针刺激改善记忆的作用靶点。