金花茶(Camellianitidissima)为山茶科山茶属金花茶族植物,是中国8种国家一级保护植物之首,属《濒危动植物种国际贸易公约》附录物种[1-2].金花茶为广西壮族传统用药,在《广西中药材标准》中记载用于治疗咽喉炎、肾炎、痢疾、肿瘤、便血、高血压和月经不调等病症[3].它以叶和花入药,其叶主要用于咽喉疼痛、肾炎水肿、尿路感染、高血压和预防肿瘤等,其花主要用于便血、月经不调和降压减脂等.2010年中华人民共和国卫生部批准金花茶(茶叶)等5种资源为新资源产品(2010年卫生部第9公告),对于深入开展金花茶营养性及药用活性成分研究,开发新型金花茶功能保健食品、延长金花茶产业链及提高产品附加值具有重要意义4-5].

目的 探讨沙苑苁蓉组合物对小鼠抗疲劳的作用.方法 将160只雄性小鼠分为负重游泳实验组、血乳酸测定实验组、肝糖原测定实验组以及血清尿素测定实验组,每组40只.组内小鼠按体质量均衡随机分为溶剂对照组和受试物低、中、高3个剂量组,每组10只.低、中、高剂量组小鼠分别以0.2、0.4、1.2 g/(kg·BW)的剂量灌胃给予沙苑苁蓉组合物,溶剂对照组小鼠灌胃给予纯净水.灌胃给药每天1次,连续30 d.末次灌胃30 min后检测各组小鼠的负重游泳时长、肝糖原含量及游泳后血清尿素、血乳酸浓度,分别记录给予受试物前和给予受试物后第1、2、3周以及给药结束时的小鼠体质量.结果 与溶剂对照组比较,沙苑苁蓉组合物组小鼠负重游泳时长增加,差异有统计学意义(F=3.158,P＜0.05)、游泳后血乳酸曲线下面积减少(F=3.314,P＜0.05)、肝糖原含量升高(F=4.016,P＜0.05),差异均有统计学意义.结论 沙苑苁蓉组合物能提高小鼠运动耐力,并减少小鼠体内血乳酸堆积、增加肝糖原储备,具有抗疲劳作用.

目的 通过喂养SD大鼠高脂饲料诱导高血脂动物模型,比较造模8 d和14 d的差异,探讨模型中相关检测指标的变化规律,为降血脂评价体系中动物模型的建立提供参考依据.方法 依照同一标准在相同环境条件下进行8 d和14 d两次造模,每次造模将72只雄性SD大鼠随机分为模型组和对照组,用喂饲法分别给予模型饲料和维持饲料,造模结束后测定动物各项指标.结果 两次造模模型组动物血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇均高于对照组(P<0.01),高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇均低于对照组(P<0.01);模型组之间及对照组之间各项指标相关性趋势高度一致,但模型组与对照组比较,检测指标的相关性均存在较大差异;模型组之间动物血清中甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白含量均有明显差异(P<0.01);造模8 d、14 d动物均出现不同程度的肝病理性改变.结论 两次造模均成功,且同为混合型高脂血症动物模型;使用该方法建立的高血脂模型具有造模时间短、关键指标稳定及重现性好的特点.

目的 评价某儿童型蛋白质粉增强免疫力的作用.方法 将受试样品按0.825、1.650、3.300 g/(kg·BW)3个剂量给予小鼠连续灌胃30 d后进行免疫试验.试验项目为细胞免疫功能试验、体液免疫功能试验、单核-巨噬细胞吞噬功能试验和NK细胞活性测定方法.结果 1.650、3.300 g/(kg· BW)两个剂量组ConA诱导的小鼠淋巴细胞增殖能力较溶剂对照组明显增强,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),3.300g/(kg·BW)剂量组单核-巨噬细胞碳廓清能力及小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞功能均明显高于溶剂对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),1.650、3.300 g/(kg·BW)两个剂量组小鼠NK细胞活性(数据转换值)明显高于溶剂对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜Q.05),1.650 g/(kg· BW)剂量组小鼠抗体生成细胞数明显高于溶剂对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 某儿童型蛋白质粉具有增强免疫力作用.

啶酰菌胺为吡啶酰胺类化合物,因其杀菌谱广,几乎对所有类型的真菌病害都有活性,且作用机理独特、不易产生交互抗性、对作物安全而被广泛应用于用于油菜、葡萄、果树、蔬菜和大田作物等病害的防治.目前国内外有关啶酰菌胺毒理学安全性评价的报道甚少.本研究为该农药安全使用提供可靠的实验依据.

目的 检测70％异硫氰酸烯丙酯原药的致突变作用.方法 应用小鼠骨髓多染红细胞微核试验、鼠伤寒沙门菌回复突变试验(Ames试验)、哺乳动物细胞基因(TK位点)突变试验和哺乳动物细胞染色体畸变试验对70％异硫氰酸烯丙酯原药的致突变作用进行研究.结果 70％异硫氰酸烯丙酯原药各剂量组对小鼠骨髓多染红细胞微核率无增加作用.在Ames试验中,70％异硫氰酸烯丙酯原药各剂量组回变菌落数均未超过溶剂对照组的2倍,实验结果为阴性.对哺乳动物细胞基因(TK位点)无致突变效应,对哺乳动物细胞染色体无畸变作用,其差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 在本实验条件下,70％异硫氰酸烯丙酯原药无明显致突变作用.

Objective To observe the changes of rat microglial inflammation and migration after exposure to sodium metavanadate(NaVO3·2H2O), and to analyze the possible mechanisms of vanadium neurotoxicity. Methods Primary cultured rat microglial cells were incubated with NaVO3·2H2 O. Morphological changes and the Iba1 expression of microglia were tested by immunofluorescence assay. iNOS, Cox-2, ERK and p-ERK protein expressions were determined by western blotting. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the culture medium were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The migration of microglia was tested by immunofluorescence staining using wound-healing assay. Results Microglia changed from resting state with ramous shape to round shape in activated state after NaVO3·2H2 O exposure, and the expression of Iba1 increased obviously. The protein expressions of iNOS and COX-2 increased significantly compared with the control. The levels of TNF-αand IL-1βwere also increased significantly. NaVO3·2H2 O promotes the migration of microglia through ERK pathway. Conclusions Exposure to NaVO3·2H2 O promotes primary cultured rat microglial inflammation and migration. These results suggest that the inflammatory reaction of microglia may be one of the possible mechanisms of neurotoxicity caused by vanadium exposure.

Objective To explore the subchronic oral toxicity of flutriafol TC, and to preliminarily analyze its effects on the blood system, liver and kidney functions of rats.Methods The experiment was performed according to the requirement of Toxicological Test Methods of Pesticides for Registration (GB15670-1995).80 SD rats of clean grade were randomly divided into four groups based on their body weight, with 10 male and 10 femele rats in each group.The rats in the three flutriafol TC treated groups were respectively fed with diet containing flutriafol TC 37.5, 150 and 600 mg/kg for 90 days.The clinical manifestations, food consumption and body weight of rats in each group were observed.Haematological parameters, clinical chemistry parameters, organ weight, organ coefficients and histopathological changes were examined at the end of the experiment.Results The actual doses of flutriafol TC taken by female rats in the three dose groups were 2.8, 12.2, and 47.2mg/kg respectively, and by male rats were2.8, 11.3 and 47.1 mg/kg.During the period of the experiment, activity, food and water consumption of male and female rats in each dose group were normal, and no obvious toxicity symptoms appeared.Compared with the control group, WBC of male rats in the high-dose group decreased significantly.Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CREA) of rats in the medium-and high-dose groups increased significantly.Total bilirubin (TBIL) of female rats in the high-dose group increased obviously.Aspartate amino-transferase (AST) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) of female rats in the medium-and high-dose groups increased significantly.No statistically significant difference or biological significance was found in organ weight and organ coefficients of male and females rats between each dose group and the control group (P>0.05).General anatomy indicated that no meaningful pathological changes induced by flutriafol TC were observed.Conclusions Long-term exposure to flutriafol TC has toxicity and potential pathogenic risk to the blood system, liver and kidney functions of rats.The maximum non-effect level of flutriafol TC is 2.8 mg/(kg bw · d) in female and male rats.

为建立一种安全、简便和可靠的雄性大鼠亚慢性钒中毒模型,选取32只SD雄性大鼠,随机分组后,每天分别用含4、8和16mg/kg剂量的五氧化二钒溶液灌胃,研究钒离子在不同处理时间对雄性大鼠的损伤情况。结果显示,与对照组相比,钒对动物体重、血清中的乳酸脱氢酶活性以及肌酐含量的影响没有显著性差异。染钒62d后,8及16mg/kg剂量组大鼠血清中的丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性分别为(75.01±9.02)U/L和(65.26±6.58)U/L,显著高于对照组(<0.05)。上述结果可为建立理想的大鼠亚慢性钒中毒模型提供科学参考。