ObjectiveTo assess the relationship between smoking and mortality among tuberculosis (TB) patients after successful treatment for providing evidences to TB control and prevention. MethodsDuring March – August 2010, we consecutively recruited 634 first diagnosed TB patients with successful treatment registered in two counties of Jiangxi province; a baseline questionnaire interview and a 7-year follow-up survey were conducted among all the patients. Cox proportional risk regression model was adopted to evaluate the correlation of smoking with mortality among the patients. ResultsTotally 59 deaths were observed among the patients by the end of follow up till August 30, 2018, with a mortality rate of 9.31%. The results of Cox regression analysis revealed following risk factors of mortality among the patients: being male (versus female: hazard risk [HR] = 2.474, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.166 – 5.247), sputum smear positive (versus negative: HR = 2.204, 95% CI: 1.316 – 3.689), and with a smoking history of more than 30 years (versus nonsmoking: HR = 1.829, 95% CI: 1.020 – 3.279 ). ConclusionSmoking could increase mortality risk among tuberculosis patients after successful treatment.
目的 了解中国空巢老人机构养老意愿及其倾向、使能和需求影响因素,为空巢老人养老服务政策的制定提供参考依据.方法 利用2014年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS)中2662名≥60岁空巢老人机构养老意愿的相关数据,基于安德森模型理论框架应用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析影响中国空巢老人机构养老意愿的倾向、使能和需求因素.结果 2662名≥60岁中国空巢老人中,有机构养老意愿者的比例仅为1.7％.多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,倾向因素中,女性和在婚的空巢老人机构养老意愿较低;使能因素中,自评经济状况一般或富裕和社区提供医疗服务的空巢老人机构养老意愿较低;需求因素方面,自评健康状况好的空巢老人机构养老意愿较低.结论 中国空巢老人的机构养老意愿较低,性别、婚姻状况、自评经济状况、社区是否提供医疗服务和自评健康状况是影响我国空巢老人机构养老意愿的倾向、使能和需求因素.
目的 基于中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查2014年数据,本研究评估了我国老年人吸烟行为的影响因素,并讨论可能的健康教育干预策略.方法 采用面对面访谈入户调查的方式,以调查问卷方式收集来自我国22个省份老年人信息.通过二分类变量的Logistic回归进行单因素和多因素的分析,评估老年人吸烟行为的影响因素.结果 调查显示,男性缺乏吸烟危害认知(OR=1.34;95％CI:1.07～1.67)、规律饮酒(OR=2.10;95％CI:1.69～2.60)、缺乏体育锻炼(OR=1.40;95％CI:1.13～1.73)、自我感觉健康状态良好(OR=1.94;95％CI:1.80～2.10)、感觉孤独(OR=1.28;95％CI:1.01～1.64)和单独居住(OR=2.07;95％CI:1.05～2.10)与吸烟行为正相关;本研究发现,女性饮酒和吸烟行为相关且非常显著(OR=3.05;95％CI:1.60～5.82).结论 本研究发现心理和行为生活方式与老年人吸烟行为高度相关,提示了有针对性的心理干预和行为干预的必要性.
