在烟叶烘烤技术中,与传统的挂杆式密集烘烤技术相比,箱式烤房烘烤技术具有自动化程度高的显著优点.本文根据实践,提出将传统挂杆式密集烤房改成为箱式密集烤房的方法.

烟叶烘烤阶段智能识别是实现烟叶智能烘烤至关重要的一步,通过烟叶实时状态科学确定烘烤阶段是实现烟叶精准烘烤的必然要求.目前密集烤房烘烤主要通过烘烤师主观设定烘烤曲线的方式来确定烘烤工艺,难以保证烘烤工艺的实时精准匹配,为提高烟叶烘烤质量,减轻烘烤劳动负担,该文通过烟叶智能烘烤仪采集大量现场图片数据,并通过双边滤波方式进行去噪,创建烘烤阶段数据集.提出一种采用高效ECA注意力模块的MobileNetv3-ECA模型对图像数据进行识别.对训练参数进行优化调整后,在MobileNetv3-ECA网络上准确率达到91.38％,优化后的模型提高烟叶烘烤阶段控制的精准性,可以根据烟叶实际状态推算合适的烘烤工艺,并提高烟叶烘烤工艺的精准度,对提高烟农收入、促进区域经济发展具有实际意义.

本文通过烘烤试验对箱式烘烤与挂竿烘烤用工、能耗及烤后烟叶的经济性状、内在质量等方面进行了研究.结果表明,箱式烘烤用工数明显少于挂竿烘烤,但因箱式烘烤使用风机功率较大,导致其能耗大于挂竿烘烤.烤后烟叶方面,箱式烘烤烤后烟叶的上等烟比例比常规挂竿烘烤提高4.11个百分点,干烟均价提高0.78元.箱式烘烤中下部烟叶的评吸质量优于挂竿烘烤,主要表现在评吸总分、香气质、香气量和余味较好.

本文介绍了烟草烤房环保节能炉研发的关键内容,通过对比烤房环保节能炉和普通加煤炉的使用效果,探讨了烟草烤房环保节能炉使用的有效性和可行性.

通过小区对比试验,研究了不同降解速度地膜对烤烟生长发育和烟叶品质的影响.结果表明,30 d左右开始降解的地膜对烤烟生长的影响与揭膜培土处理基本一致,且对烟叶品质具有一定的提升作用,较适合在生产上推广应用.

结合诸城市烟叶生产、烘烤实际,分析了上部烟叶烤坏烟形成的主要原因,并提出了防止出现上部烟叶烤坏烟的相关对策,以期为提升烤房烟叶质量提供参考.

In order to study the effects of water stress on photosynthesis and associated physiological characteristics of cotton,and to reveal the relationships between photosynthetic traits,physiological indexes and drought tolerance,drought and rewatering treatments were employed on Xinluzao 19 by weighting the pot to control water amount.The treatmeres included drought for 0,2,4,6,8 d and rewatering for 2 d,then the changes in MDA content,H2O2 content,SOD,POD,and CAT indexes and photosynthetic fluorescence parameters of cotton were measured.Reactive oxygen,conductivity and MDA content of cotton leaf were increased with the enhancement of drought stress.Except for H2O2 content,the others were reduced to the control values after rewatering.SOD and CAT of antioxidant enzymes reached the highest activities to clear the excessive reactive oxygen species when the active oxygen content was the highest in cotton leaf.The photosynthesis,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of cotton function leaf became decreased with the increase of drought stress,and reached the lowest at the 8 th day after drought,then rebounded after rewatering.Photochemical quenching (qP) and yield were reduced with the severity of drought stress,and could not become rebounded after rehydration.Obviously,excessive reactive oxygen species were cleared by increasing the antioxidant activity of cotton under water stress through controlling the stomatal conductance to inhibit photosynthesis and transpiration rate of cotton under water stress.