Energy-absorbing properties of cellular materials with D, G, IWP*, N, P, Q, PJ triply minimal energy surface geometries were investigated. Materials were made of glass-filled polyamide by selective laser sintering. Mechanical properties of cellular structures were determined depending on the geometry: the highest specific compressive strength a sp.max >8 MPa center dot cm3/g is possessed by samples with the geometry IWP* and PJ; the highest specific energy absorption A sp = 14.5 MJ/m3 is in the sample with the geometry N. A mass-strength criterion for cellular structures is proposed. The maximal values of mass-strength criterion are from samples with geometries N, IWP* and PJ; 4.16 MPa2/g, 3.51 MPa2/g, and 2.88 MPa2/g. The adequacy of applying the Gibson-Ashby equation for fabricated cellular materials with triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) geometry has been proven.

Triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMSs) are found in many natural objects including butterfly wings, sea urchins, and biological membranes. They simultaneously have zero mean curvature at every point and a crystallographic group symmetry. A metamaterial can be created from such periodic surfaces or used as a reinforcement of a composite material. While a TPMS as a mathematical object has been known since 1865, only novel additive manufacturing (AM) technology made it possible to fabricate cellular materials with complex TPMS shapes. Cellular TPMS-based metamaterials have remarkable properties related to wetting/liquid penetration, shock absorption, and the absence of stress concentrators. Recent studies showed that TPMSs are also found in natural crystals when electron surfaces are considered. Artificial crystal-inspired metamaterials mimic such crystals including zeolites and schwarzites. These metamaterials are used for shock, acoustic waves, and vibration absorption, and as structural materials, heat exchangers, and for other applications. The choice of the crystalline cell of a material, as well as its microstructure, plays a decisive role in its properties. The new area of crystal-inspired materials has many common features with traditional biomimetics with models being borrowed from nature and adjusted for engineering applications.

Ceramics is widely used as a material for impact protection due to its mechanical properties and density, which provide high specific strength of barriers. The main function of the barrier is to prevent structural failure of the protected object. The choice of specific ceramics for barriers depends on the mass, ability to absorb impact energy, resistance to multiple impacts, etc. A review of criteria and methods for evaluating the properties of ceramic materials intended for protection against impact loads is given. The existing selection criteria can be divided into two groups: criteria based on the physical (fundamental) properties of the material and criteria for evaluating the service properties of barriers. There are also experimental methods for evaluating the quality of barriers. It is shown that the coefficient of relative penetration of the indenter, proposed by V.Ya. Shevchenko, is universal, taking into account the properties of the penetrating body and allowing to construct a reliable representative series for most ceramic materials in brittle fracture.

The paper presents experimental data on the physical and mechanical properties of cellular materials with the geometry of triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS). It has been established that the dependence of the strength and Young’s modulus on the relative density of materials with the TPMS geometry corresponds to the Gibson – Ashby equation with a fairly high accuracy. Such materials are superior in mechanical properties to classical cellular materials and have high isotropy of mechanical properties.

Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) reinforced with detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) based on styrene-butadiene rubber are developed. The mechanical characteristics of the reinforced compounds with different DND contents are investigated. The developed material shows a 30% increase in compressive strength compared to the unfilled composite and a 10% increase in the tensile strength of the material with the introduction of 0.1% DND.

The search for load-bearing, impact-resistant, and energy-absorbing cellular materials is of central interest in many fields including aerospace, automotive, civil, sports, packaging, and biomedical. In order to achieve the desired characteristic geometry and/or topology, a perspective approach may be used, such as utilization of atomic models as input data for 3D printing of macroscopic objects. In this paper, we suggest a new approach for the development of advanced cellular materials-crystallomorphic design based on selection of perspective crystal structures and modeling of their electron density distribution and utilization of isoelectronic surfaces as a generatrix for 3D-printed cellular materials. The ATLAS database, containing more than 10 million existing and predicted zeolites, was used as a source of data. Herein, we introduced a high-throughput screening of a data array of crystalline compounds. Several perspective designs were identified, implemented by 3D printing, and showed high characteristics. A linear correlation was found between the strength of the samples and the minimum angle and minimum bond length in the simplified crystal structures. A new cellular geometry with reinforcement struts and increased strength was discovered. This property was found by us independent of the other works, in which the cellular structures were developed by an explicit method. Thus, the developed approach holds perspective for the design of new cellular structures with increased characteristics and for the prediction of their properties.

A method for reinforcing a compound based on styrene-butadiene thermoplastic elastomer has been developed. The mechanical characteristics of reinforced compounds have been studied. A comparative analysis of various methods for introducing a nanofiller into a polymer matrix has been carried out. The developed technique shows an increase in the compressive strength of the composition by 50%, as well as tensile strength by 20%.

The paper investigates the physical and mechanical properties of structures with the geometry of triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS). Test samples were made from polyamide using SLS (selective laser sintering) 3D printing technology, from polylactide using FDM (Fused deposition modeling) 3D printing technology, and from a photopolymer based on acrylates using LCD (liquid crystal display) technology; samples were made in the form of a cube with edge size 30 mm. The strength and energy-absorbing properties of TPMS-based cellular samples have been determined. To analyze the features of the geometry of the samples, the skeletal graph method was used. It is shown that this approach makes it possible to predict the physical and mechanical characteristics of products with TPMS geometry.

The study of isotropy of mechanical properties of cellular structures was carried out. The studied objects are based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (“Schwarz primitive”) with various cell size parameter t. The mechanical loading was applied with different loading directions. It was shown, that triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS)-based materials have high isotropy of mechanical properties.

— Thermoplastic elastomer based on butadiene–styrene rubber has been developed for 3D printing using fused deposition modeling (FDM). The influence of the intensity of the flow and the direction of printing on the physical and mechanical characteristics of the material was investigated. A comparative analysis of 3D printed products and products made by thermal pressing was carried out. The developed material shows an increase in strength during manufacture using fused deposition modeling by 18% compared to the molded sample, as well as an increase in strength by 25% and elongation by 50% with increased print intensity.

Thermoplastic elastomer based on styrene-butadiene rubber was developed for 3D printing using fused deposition modelling. 3D modeling of simple and complex geometric structures from the developed material is performed. Optimal 3D printing parameters for this material were obtained.

Products based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) are promising for use in various applied fields: from mechanical engineering to medicine. Despite the fact that TPMS have been known for more than 2 centuries, their applied application became possible only in recent decades with the development of additive technologies. Computer modeling of samples based on TPMS for 3D printing is a relevant problem.

In this study, a new method for generating cellular materials with improved physical and mechanical characteristics is proposed. The mechanical properties of products based on ABS-polymer with topologies, the prototypes of which are isoelectronic surfaces of a number of crystalline substances, are investigated by the method of computer simulation. As an example, in this study, we choose carbon in the crystal structure $$Im\bar {3}m,$$ since its isoelectronic surface is closest in shape to the known topologies of triply periodic minimum energy surfaces (TPMESs). As a result of the study using Autodesk Inventor Professional, the distribution of mechanical stresses, and the appearance of deformed products at various values of the applied mechanical stress are obtained. As a result of the study, strong physical and mechanical characteristics of samples with the proposed geometry are found.

A new thermoplastic elastomer based on styrene-butadiene rubber and polypropylene for 3D printing using FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) technology is obtained and studied. The physical and mechanical characteristics of products made of a new material with high strength and elasticity at the same time are studied. The developed material will find application in the automotive industry, civil shipbuilding, aerospace engineering, shock-absorbing systems for railway transport, and other areas.

The article presents the results of a study of the physical and mechanical properties of cellular structures fabricated by means of additive manufacturing. The structural elements are repeating in three directions, and have a geometric shape of Schwarz-P surface. Samples in the form of a cube (size 30x30x30 mm) were created by layer-by-layer fusion of thermoplastic polymer on a FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) 3D printer. Compression tests of samples with different geometry have shown that with an increase in the characteristic size of a repeating structural element with a decrease in the parameter (t), the strength of the samples increases and is maximal at t = -0.6. According to the calculations performed by the finite element method, this is associated with an increase in the area of ​​the dangerous section. However, specimens with t = 0 have the highest specific strength. This is because the average curvature of products with t = 0 is zero at each point, which contributes to the effective distribution of mechanical stresses in the specimen. When t ≠ 0, the average curvature is constant, but has a non-zero value.

In this work, using polymer 3D printing, we obtained ceramic parts of complex shape with the topology of a triple periodic minimal surface (TPMS), of the “Schwarz primitive” type. The technology of manufacturing ceramic products from a diamond-silicon carbide composite ("Ideal") with the geometry of TPMS by pressing is described. The properties of 3D ceramics are similar to those of a monolithic material.