OBJECTIVESTo understand the prevalence and risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) among freshmen from a university in Hunan Province in 2018.METHODSA cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1 685 freshmen from a university in Hunan Province in 2018. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, creatinine, uric acid, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, and other laboratory indicators were measured. The risk factors of hematuria, proteinuria, and CKD were analyzed by logistic regression.RESULTSAmong the 1 685 students, the detection rates of proteinuria, hematuria, and renal dysfunction were 2.14%, 6.65%, and 0.95%, respectively. The prevalence of CKD was 10.86%, mainly at stage 1 and 2. The awareness rate in the patients was 6.56%. The detection rate of proteinuria was not significantly correlated with gender, and the detection rate of hematuria and renal dysfunction was higher in women than in men, and the prevalence of CKD was higher in women than in men. Independent risk factors associated with CKD were hypertension and diabetes.CONCLUSIONSIn 2018, the prevalence of CKD among freshmen in this university is roughly the same as the national level. CKD patients and people with hypertension and diabetes should be checked regularly, and early intervention should be performed to delay the occurrence and development of the disease.

目的:调查长沙市城区社区医院医生对慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)知晓情况,为长沙市制定CKD管理政策提供数据.方法:采用随机抽样的方法,抽取长沙市城区各社区医院共58个,由其在职医生填写问卷来获取数据,问卷自行设计,包括医生的基本信息和CKD知识选题,其中CKD选题共14题,每题10分,共140分.共发放640份问卷,回收问卷640份,有效回收率100％.结果:总体知晓率为37.11％,CKD基础知识知晓率为44.23％,CKD管理知识知晓率为31.99％.总体及格率为12.03％,不同性别、职称、学历、工作年限、培训经历对CKD相关知识的得分情况差异有统计学意义.结论:湖南省长沙市社区医院医生对CKD相关知识的知晓率较低,应加强基层建设和人才引进.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among the children with hearing disorder in Hunan province, China. METHODS:In this cross-sectional study, the multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 1 500 children as subjects. Questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory examinations were performed on the spot. RESULTS:Among the 1 500 children, 1 459 with complete data were included in analysis. Among the 1 459 children, 43 had CKD, with a prevalence rate of 2.95%. The <7 years group had a significantly higher prevalence rate than the 7-14 years group [5.8% (35/604) vs 0.9% (8/855); P<0.05]. Among the 43 children with CKD, 31 (72%) had proteinuria, 27 (63%) had hematuria, and 11 (26%) had a decreased glomerular filtration rate. Among the 43 children with CKD, stage 1, 2, 3a, 3b, 4, and 5 CKD accounted for 30% (13 cases), 44% (19 cases), 12% (5 cases), 7% (3 cases), 7% (3 cases), and 0% (0 case) respectively. The prevalence rate of CKD increased with the severity of hearing disorder (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The prevalence rate of CKD is higher among the children with hearing disorder in Hunan province. Most children have early-stage CKD. CKD is commonly seen in preschool children. Severity of hearing disorder is associated with the prevalence of CKD.

目的 调查长沙市城区65岁以上老年人群中慢性肾脏病(CKD)的患病情况.方法 在长沙市6个市区采用多阶段抽样方法,选取65岁以上人群进行问卷调查、体格检查、肾损害有关指标、相关危险因素的检测.结果 在最终获得的资料完整的1 139例老年人中,蛋白尿、血尿和肾功能下降的患病率分别为5.44％、6.675％、19.75％,CKD的患病率为19.75％,知晓率为14.66％.蛋白尿、血尿及eGFR下降的患病率均随着年龄增加而增加.logistics回归分析结果显示性别、年龄、高血压、高血脂与CKD独立相关.结论 长沙城区65岁以上老年人群CKD患病率较高,知晓率较低,危险因素包括女性,年龄,高血压,高血脂.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among adults in Hu-nan Province. Methods Using cross-sectional study, take the method of multistage sampling, the survey was performed in part of residents (aged≥18 years) from 5 cities of Hunan Province, data was obtained by questionnaire of risk factors of CKD, physi-cal examination, and laboratory examination. Results The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Hunan province was 10.81%, it increased with the growth of the age, the awareness rate among CKD population was 20.8%. The prevalence of albuminuria was 1.85%, and the prevalence of albuminuria in males were significantly higher than females, and it increased with age; The prevalence of hematuria was 7.40%, females were higher than males, there was a significant statistical significance about the prevalence of hematuria in different ages. The prevalence of reduced eGFR was 2.65%, There was a significant statistical sig-nificance about the prevalence of reduced eGFR both in different genders and ages. Multiple factor logistic regression analysis results show that age, high systolic blood pressure, diabetes were closely related to CKD. Conclusion The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the adult population of Hunan is similar to that in China. Age, high systolic blood pressure, diabetes were closely related to CKD.

Objective:To investigate and analysis the epidemiology and risk factors of chronic kidney disease(CKD) in the adult population in Changsha urban area.Methods:We assisted the community health service center to carry out the free physical examination to obtain epidemiological data.Using a multistage sampling,3900 residents(older than 18) from May to July in 2016 were selected to be interviewed and tested for the kidney damage indicators and the associated risk factors with CKD.Results:In this survy,it showed that the prevalence of albuminuria was 1.34％,the male was higher than the female;the prevalence of hematuria was 6.18％,the female was higher than the male;the prevalence of reduced eGFR was 5.79％,the female was higher than the male;the prevalence of CKD was 11.76％,the female was higher than the male.And the prevalence of CKD increased with the increase of age;age,female,low level of education,hyperlipidemia,diabetes were independently correlated with high risk factors for CKD.Conclusion:It showed that the awareness rate of chronic kidney disease in Changsha urban area was 28.73％.We need much healthier check-up related to chronic kidney disease to improve the awareness of illness in residents,which is helpful to early diagnosis and early treatment of chronic kidney disease.

Objective To understand the family endowment intention of the middle-aged and elderly and analyze its influencing factors, and to provide a theoretical reference for endowment choice and the development of the social endowment. Methods By stratified random sampling method, a total of 427 middle-aged and elderly people were investigated with a general information questionnaire and endowment policy and situation awareness questionnaire. Dualistic logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Results Totally 88.3% of the middle-aged and elderly (377/427) chose family endowment and the overall score of understanding of the endowment policy and situation was 20.69 ±5.02. Multivariate analysis showed that gender, place of residence, children's desire for their parents' endowment were independent influence factors (P<0.05). Conclusion The middle-aged and elderly lack understanding of current endowment policy and situation. In future endowment, we should not only pay more attention to the importance and the positive role of family endowment, but also promote the diversification of pension mode to improve the quality of life of the elderly.

Objective To assessment the treatment efficacy of modafinil versus placebo for hypersomnia.Method A system-atic review of randomized controlled trials with meta -analysis by searching databases of PubMed,EMBASE and the Cochrane Central.Randomized controlled trials comparing modafinil and placebo therapies in hypersomnia patients.Results Four trials were analyzed,132 patients involved.Meta -analysis showed that modafinil for clinical cure rate in hypersomnia patients (χ2 =1.68,P<0.05).Conclusion Modafinil is effective for treatment of hypersomnia patients.

[目的]探讨实习护生的主观幸福感、自我效能感及应对方式的特点及三者之间的关系。[方法]采用幸福感指数量表、一般自我效能量表、特质应对方式量表对135名实习护生进行问卷调查，并运用 SPSS 18.0软件进行统计数据分析。[结果]实习护生主观幸福感总分为9.94分±2.45分，处于中低水平；主观幸福感与一般自我效能感、积极应对方式呈正相关(P<0.05)，与消极应对呈负相关(P<0.05)。[结论]一般自我效能感和积极应对方式是实习护生主观幸福感的主要影响因素。

[目的]探讨养老机构老年人的生活体验，为老年人生活质量的改善和养老事业的发展提供理论参考。[方法]选取长沙市4家养老机构共10名老年人进行半结构式访谈，运用现象学分析法进行资料分析。[结果]将被访者生活体验归纳为正性情绪和负性情绪，提炼出4个主题，分别为生活照料需求、医疗服务需求和精神慰藉需求、对重要养老政策的了解。[结论]养老机构老人的生活感受各不相同并且受到各方面因素影响。养老机构应该根据老人实际情况和要求制定相应的方案，在保证低层次需求的同时还应该尽量满足高层次的需求。

在国家实施依法治国方略的背景下,图书馆立法刻不容缓。文章分析了我国图书馆立法现状,阐述了我国图书馆立法的现实意义,并提出了图书馆立法的基本策略,以期为我国图书馆立法提供参考。

Audio-visual materials’ status and role become increasingly important in university libraries. This paper analyze the lack of audio-visual materials in university libraries by using the methods of literature analysis and expert interviews, then propose measures to resolve this situation with a view to provide references to the management of audio- video materials in university libraries, and hope the materials can be better to serve the university teaching and research.

对高校图书馆与院图书资料室目前存在的问题进行了研究,认为高校要实现校内资源的共享,必须协调图书馆与院图书资料室的关系,并提出了自己的建议.

针对高校图书馆计算机联机编目工作中存在的问题,提出自己的见解。