Introduction. 90% of the Kuzbass population lives in an industrial zone with a high level of anthropogenic load. Novokuznetsk is classified as a city with a critically high level of environmental pollution and the risk of developing diseases. The incidence of congenital malformations in the Kemerovo region is on average 3–5 times higher than in the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. The average annual concentrations of pollutants in the Novokuznetsk urban district for 2020–2022 were calculated. A survey of sixty young primigravida women living in Novokuznetsk was conducted. In more than 50% of cases, gestational sac death was diagnosed. Variants of the CYP1A2 and GSTM1 genes of the xenobiotic biotransformation system were determined in these women by polymerase chain reaction, and their combinations were considered. Results. A significant excess of the maximum permissible concentrations of benz(a)pyrene, formaldehyde, suspended substances, and nitrogen dioxide was revealed while reducing the total volumes of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere of Novokuznetsk. There was a five-fold increase in the share of congenital malformations and a twenty-fold gain in the number of missed miscarriages over the past 20 years. A statistically reliable association of gestational sac death was found in women with the C/ACYP1A2*1F genotype in combination with a deletion polymorphism of the GSTM1 gene (χ2 = 3.94; OR = 7.00), while the C/ACYP1A2*1F genotype in combination with the normally functioning GSTM1 ”+” gene is associated with the resistance to miscarriage (χ2 = 9.16; OR = 0.19). Limitations. The study was of a pilot nature, so it is advisable to increase the sample in the future. Conclusion. There have been identified combinations of gene forms of phases I and II of the xenobiotic biotransformation system associated with unfavourable pregnancy outcomes which can be used as markers of reproductive losses and taken into account when planning and carrying a pregnancy.

Introduction. Breast cancer is a prevalent and socially significant disease affecting the female reproductive system. The incidence of breast cancer continues to rise globally, making early diagnosis crucial for preserving women's life and work capacity. Aim. This study aimed to analyze the incidence of breast cancer in Novokuznetsk city by age from 2011 to 2020 and identify high-risk areas for disease progression. Study Design and Methods. Using the licensed analytical package IBM SPSS Statistics-19 and data from the Kuzbass Clinical Oncological Dispensary, statistical analyses including estimation of median values, quartiles, Kendall's Tau correlation, and Mann-Whitney U test were conducted. Results. The results revealed a statistically significant increase in the absolute and relative (per 100,000 population) rates of breast cancer among female residents of Novokuznetsk from 2011 to 2020. Specifically, women aged 60-64 and 65-69 were identified as high-risk groups for breast cancer. Conclusion. In conclusion, women aged 60-69 are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis for preserving women's health and well-being.

Introduction. Every second conception in the population ends in failure, in 20% of the cases the cause is a non-developing pregnancy. In the overall structure of early reproductive losses, missed miscarriage accounts for 80%. The development of this pathology is influenced by both endogenous and exogenous factors. Exogenous factors with a teratogenic effect lead to the occurrence of mutations and the formation of an abnormal embryo, which is poorly predicted. The peculiarities of the biotransformation system of xenobiotics of the maternal organism directly affect the severity of the impact of these factors on the embryo. Materials and methods. A survey of eighty six young primigravida women living in Novokuznetsk was conducted. 33 of them were diagnosed with the gestational sac death, 53 women had a standard developed pregnancy. Variants of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes of the second phase of the xenobiotic biotransformation system were determined in these groups by polymerase chain reaction. Results. Novokuznetsk, a city with a critically high level of environmental pollution, has recorded a 20–fold increase in the number of missed miscarriages over the past 25 years. A statistically reliable association of deletion polymorphisms of the genes of the second phase of the xenobiotic biotransformation system with the death of the gestational sac - GSTM1 (χ2 – 5.37; OR – 3.18) and GSTT1 (χ2 – 10.85; OR – 16.64) was revealed, while the normal alleles were associated with a successful outcome of pregnancy - GSTM1 (χ2 – 5.37; OR – 0.13) and GSTT1 (χ2 – 10.85; OR – 0.06). Limitations. The study was of a pilot nature, so it is advisable to increase the sample in the future. Conclusion. The dependence between the activity of enzymes of the second phase of the xenobiotic biotransformation system and the increased risk of miscarriage of the first pregnancy in young women living in the conditions of ecological distress was revealed. The results of the study make it possible to predict possible pregnancy complications and elaborate algorithms for full-fledged pregravid preparation.

Among the causes of maternal mortality in the Russian Federation, infectious and inflammatory diseases after childbirth and abortion occupy fourth position. A systematic analysis of the prevalence, structure and dynamics of postpartum diseases is necessary for making adequate organizational decisions. The purpose of the study – to study the frequency, structure and dynamics of postpartum diseases in Novokuznetsk for the period 2020-2022. Research methods. The analysis was carried out according to the reporting documentation of the gynecological department N 2 of the Novokuznetsk City Clinical Hospital N 1 named after G.B. Kurbatov for 2020-2022. Comparisons were made using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test (pgr) with the calculation of the generalized Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval. Differences were considered statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05. For calculations and plotting, the statistical environment R (v.3d.6, GNU GPL2 license) was used. Results. The prevalence of postpartum diseases during the studied period varies from 6.1 ‰ to 20.1 ‰. Infection of an obstetric surgical wound (29 %) and postpartum endometritis (16 %) were more often recorded. The incidence of postoperative suture seroma and suture failure on the uterus with the development of peritonitis has increased significantly. Postpartum diseases were more often observed in women over 35 years of age, with 3 or subsequent births and high morbidity. In 45.6 % of cases, the diseases were associated with a bacterial factor, while the frequency of detection of microbial associations of opportunistic flora, E. Faecalis and S. Aureus increased 7-8 times. Conclusion. The prevalence of postpartum infectious and inflammatory diseases during the study period remains consistently high. To reduce the incidence of complications in the postpartum period, a balanced approach to the choice of delivery method and a reduction in the length of stay in the obstetric hospital are necessary. At the stage of pre-pregnancy preparation, the following are necessary: timely identification and sanitation of foci of infection, effective diagnosis and treatment of anemia with normalization of weight before pregnancy.

The aim of the research – to study the patterns and patterns of congenital fetal malformations (CHD) in the city of Novokuznetsk for the period from 2012-2021. Materials and methods. The analysis was carried out on the basis of a retrospective analysis of archival data from the gynecological department of the City Clinical Hospital N 1 named after G.P. Kurbatov. To calculate the indicators, data on the number of women of fertile age in the south of Kuzbass was used. Descriptive statistics were calculated using the Clopper-Pearson method. To determine statistically significant changes in the structure of the HF, the Cochran-Armitage test was used. To analyze the trend in the dynamics of relative indicators, the Mann-Kendall test was changed. Results. Frequency of pregnancy terminations due to congenital malformation of the fetus for the period 2012-2021 was generally stable (p = 0.72). Changes in the structure of congenital malformations were established: the frequency of central nervous system defects increased 2,3 times (p = 0.001), the incidence of malformations of the facial bones decreased 2.7 times (p = 0.023), and the incidence of malformations of the musculoskeletal system decreased 3.7 times (p = 0.049) and there is a 1,3-fold decrease in the frequency of multiple malformations (p = 0.001). Conclusion. Frequency of pregnancy terminations (per 100 thousand women of fertile age) due to congenital malformation of the fetus in general for the analyzed period 2012-2021 was stable. The structure of congenital malformations was dominated by multiple malformations. The results of the analysis indicate an increase in the proportion of central nervous system defects in the total number of congenital malformations, and the prevalence of pregnancy terminations for this reason has also increased. At the same time, the number of pregnancy terminations due to malformations of the facial bones has decreased significantly.

One of the main problems of modern obstetrics is the increase in the proportion of surgical delivery. Over the past 20 years, the rate of caesarean sections has increased from 15 % to 20 %. This increase concerns the causes of causes, including the delivery of pregnant women with a pelvic position, which ranks third, which showed a caesarean section. In this regard, external obstetric rotation seems to be a resource measure to reduce the number of surgical deliveries.

Background. Cervical cancer is considered one of the most common and socially significant cancers of the female reproductive system. Despite the visual localization of the tumor, every second case is diagnosed at stage III–IV of the disease, when little can be done to help the patient, whereas early detection of the disease could help save the life and working capacity of young women.Aim. To analyze the incidence of cervical cancer in Novokuznetsk for the period 2011–2020 by age groups and identify areas of risk for the development of the disease in order to develop effective and timely measures for early diagnosis.Materials and methods. A database was formed on the basis of statistical reports of the Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary (Novokuznetsk branch) for 2011–2020 with a unit of observation of 1 year, for some indicators, information is provided since 2008. The database analysis was carried out in the licensed statistical package IBM SPSS Statistics 19 using the following methods: Kendall’s tau correlation method (Ʈ), calculation of median values of indicators, upper and lower quartiles, Mann–Whitney test (U).Results. In residents of Novokuznetsk for the period 2011–2020 a statistically significant increase in both absolute and relative (per 100,000 population) cervical cancer incidence was revealed. The risk zone for cervical cancer is 40– 44 years old.Conclusion. When conducting preventive examinations and medical examinations of women, one should focus on the identified risk zone for cervical cancer. Conducting adequate and timely medical examinations seems to be a resource measure that contributes to the preservation of the life and health of women.

This literature review provides clinical and experimental data on the possibility of using doppler in obstetrics and gynecology from the first day of the discovery of the Doppler effect in 1942 to the present. Discussion of the practical application of doppler to identify predictors of the different gynecological pathologies. Outlined the prospects for the use of three-dimensional energetic doppler of the common blood flow and this significantly increases the information content of the differential diagnosis of the pelvic organs diseases.

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a rare, hereditary, genetically heterogeneous disease of connective tissue and skeleton caused by mutation of genes encoding collagen, osteoblast differentiation, bone tissue remodulator proteins and many other genes. It is clinically characterized by a combination of different features: brittle bones, skeletal deformities, stunting, blue sclerae, progressive hearing loss and abnormal dentinogenesis. The increased need for calcium during pregnancy and lactation causes a decrease in maternal bone mineral density and an increased risk of fractures. At the same time, carrying the pregnancy to term is contraindicated because of the high incidence of severe and fatal complications for both mother and fetus. This article presents a description of a family observation of four generations of women (maternal grandmother, daughter, grandchildren) with osteogenesis imperfecta, and the outcome of two pregnancies in one of them (daughter), traced directly by the authors. This demonstrates the high frequency of inheritance of osteogenesis imperfecta, the importance of timely genetic counseling and the need to prescribe pathogenetic therapy, which is intended to improve the prognosis of the course of the disease and reduce disability.

Introduction. In Russia, oncology is the leading cause of mortality for women aged 16-54 years. Among female genital tract malignancies, endometrial cancer (EC) is the second most common. Research aim. This study aimed to determine the incidence of EC in Novokuznetsk, as well as to analyze its incidence in the Kemerovo region and in Russia. Materials and Methods. Data from the Kuzbass Clinical Oncological Dispensary for 2008-2020 and the National Medical Research Center for Radiology for 2004-2021 were used for the analysis. Statistical methods such as determination of median values, upper and lower quartiles, Kendall's tau correlation method (Ʈ), and Mann-Whitney test (U) were employed using the IBM SPSS Statistics-19 license package. Results. The results showed that over the past 18 years in Russia, the number of EC cases has increased by 62.5%, with a 57.9% increase in incidence rate and a 72.8% increase in prevalence. However, despite the impact of anthropogenic factors, Novokuznetsk had lower incidence and mortality rates than both the Kemerovo region and Russia. The age group with the highest risk of EC in Novokuznetsk was women aged 65-69 years. Conclusion. These findings are crucial in the development and improvement of programs for gynecological and oncological care, screening options, preventive examinations, and medical examinations.

Aim. To determine the clinical, anamnestic, and immunological predictors of adenomyosis by developing a prognostic model of uterine fibroids with concomitant adenomyosis. Materials and methods. A retrospective single-center study was conducted at Kurbatov Novokuznetsk City Clinical Hospital №1, from 2012 to 2019. The model included 284 women with histologically confirmed uterine fibroids, of which 34.9% (99/284) were fibroids with adenomyosis and 65.1% (185/284) were isolated uterine fibroids. Logistic regression was used to develop the mathematical model. Results. Predictors of adenomyosis in patients with uterine fibroids have been established: age 43 years and older, concomitant endometrial hyperplasia, chronic inflammatory diseases of the cervix, menometrorrhagia, history of childbirth, history of endometrial disorders, varicose veins of the lower extremities, history of appendectomy, blood serum lactoferrin of more than 1.8 mg/L, interleukin-6 levels more than 2.8 pg/mL. The model has an accuracy of 91%, a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 92%, a positive predictive value of 85%, and a negative predictive value of 94%. Conclusion. The established predictors of adenomyosis allow for predicting the risk of adenomyosis in patients with uterine fibroids, facilitating effective treatment choices.

Introduction. Missed pregnancy, as a rule, is caused by a combination of several factors. Exogenous factors can have a teratogenic effect, leading to the occurrence of mutations of varying severity. In such case at the early stages of embryogenesis, serious disturbances occur, leading to a halt in the pregnancy development. The system of their biotransformation is responsible for the elimination of xenobiotics from the body, the inadequate functioning of which increases the activity of mutagenesis, which may raise the risk of breast cancer. Materials and methods. One hundred thirty four women were examined. The first group included 63 women, 28 of them were diagnosed with fetal egg death in primigravida young women, in 35 women the first pregnancy ended with physiological childbirth. The second group included 71 woman, 33 of them were diagnosed with a malignant breast neoplasm, 38 had no suspicion of breast cancer (BC) according to the results of mammography. Polymorphisms of the CYP1A2*1F gene of the xenobiotic biotransformation system in these groups were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Results. In the group of women with a missed first pregnancy, a statistically reliable association of a high risk of the fetal egg death with the A/A CYP1A2*1F genotype and resistance to this pathology in the case of the C/A CYP1A2*1F polymorphism was revealed. In the group of BC women, the association of a high risk of developing a malignant neoplasm with the A/A CYP1A2*1F genotype and resistance to the development of the disease in the presence of C/A CYP1A2*1F polymorphism was shown. Limitations. The study was limited by the number of samples, there is no data on polymorphisms of the BRCA-1, BRCA-2 genes. Conclusion. The results obtained will allow not only adjusting the tactics of pregnancy management in women with a high risk of the fetal egg death or the selection of pharmacological drugs in the treatment of BC under the conditions of serious environmental stress, but also developing preventive measures to reduce the risk of these pathologies.

Significance. Malignant neoplasms are among the leading socially significant diseases. In recent years, the mortality rate from malignant neoplasms among females aged 16-54 in Russia has taken first place, slightly ahead of the traditional leader - mortality from diseases of the circulatory system. Therefore, early detection of oncopathology, including reproductive organs, means preservation of life, health and performance capability, and ultimately, the quality of female life, including young and middle-aged women. Purpose: to identify risk zones of oncopathology of female reproductive organs to ensure timely and adequate control actions and women's health improvement. Material and methods. The study was based on statistical reports of the Regional clinical oncology dispensary (Novokuznetsk branch) for 2011-2020. The reporting information has been translated into a database format (DB) with a 1-year observation unit. The database was created in the licensed statistical package IBM SPSS Statistics-19. The following methods of statistical analysis were used: calculation of median values of indicators, upper and lower quartiles; the Kendall’s Tau correlation method (Ʈ), the Mann-Whitney criterion (U). Results. The risk zones of oncopathology of the female population of Novokuznetsk as a whole and by age groups were identified. In terms of morbidity and mortality per 100 000 population, malignant neoplasms of the breast have the highest morbidity indicator, while ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate during the year. At the same time, the highest detectability of stages III and IV of oncological diseases is in ovarian cancer. The risk zones of oncopathology by age are as follows: cervical cancer in females aged 40-44, breast cancer in females aged 60-64 and 65-69, and endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer in females aged 65-69. In these ages, the highest levels of the studied morbidity in the dynamics in 2011-2020 were revealed. Cervical cancer and breast cancer have a negative trend in crude incidence: a statistically significant growth of both absolute and relative (per 100 thousand population) indicators was revealed. As to ovarian cancer localization, there is a tendency towards a decreasing absolute indicator. Conclusions. The main study results can be used to conduct preventive examinations and medical examinations of women with a focus on identifying risk zones of the reproductive organ cancer by age group and localization. Thus, the results obtained contribute to adopting adequate and timely medical interventions and improvement of women's health.

The etiology and pathogenesis of ovarian cancer have not been fully studied. The disease proceeds aggressively, is characterized by late diagnosis, high mortality rate and significant prevalence rate in economically developed countries. Novokuznetsk is a major industrial center of Kuzbass, and one of the most environmentally unfriendly regions in the Russian Federation, with a high cancer morbidity and mortality of the population, which is the reason for the analysis. The purpose of the study. To study the dynamics of ovarian cancer rate in the residents of Novokuznetsk from 2008 to 2020 and to conduct a comparative analysis with the average incidence rates in Russia and a number of other countries. Research methods. Statistical reports of the regional clinical oncological dispensary (Novokuznetsk branch) for 2008-2020 were used for the analysis. The licensed statistical package IBM SPSS Statistics-19 was used for the analysis. The following statistical methods were used: calculation of median values of indicators, upper and lower quartiles; Kendall tau rank correlation coefficient method (Ʈ), Mann–Whitney U test (U). Results. During the study period, there was a tendency to decrease the absolute incidence of ovarian cancer along with a significant increase in five-year survival rate. High mortality was recorded in the 1st year of observation, along with predominantly late diagnosis of the disease (III and IV stages). The risk zone included women of postmenopausal age – 65-69 years. Conclusion. High mortality rates of ovarian cancer patients in the 1st year of observation are due to late detection, which requires the legalization of screening programs with the inclusion of biochemical markers of tumors of various histotypes in the algorithm and coverage of women, except for unemployed, but at the same time under high cancer risk (65-69 years).

A case report of prenatal diagnosis of inioencephaly in a fetus at 19 weeks of gestation is presented. During two consecutive ultrasound examinations, multiple echographic markers were identified: an occipital bone defect, rachischisis of all parts of the spine with a complete absence of cervical and thoracic vertebrae, shortening of the spine, a fixed tilted position of the fetal head («face looking at the sky»), oligohydramnios. By decision of the council and taking into account the desire of the family, the pregnancy was terminated at 21-22 weeks. According to the results of pathological anatomical examination, the diagnosis was confirmed.

В статье представлен анализ данных за последние 70 лет, вошедших в базу данных PubMed, о гиперплазии эндометрия (ГПЭ), которая занимает ведущие позиции в структуре гинекологических заболеваний и является основным фактором риска злокачественного новообразования эндометрия – рака эндометрия (РЭ). Отражена хроника классификации ГПЭ с акцентом на изменении в динамике обозначения и актуальности аденоматозной ГПЭ. Показано, как действующая классификация ГПЭ, благодаря тому что спектр синонимов ограничен двумя вариантами, позволяет максимально повысить воспроизводимость диагноза, улучшить взаимодействие акушера-гинеколога с патологоанатомом и снизить долю неэффективного лечения. Результаты последних исследований о распространенности и факторах риска ГПЭ и РЭ отличаются от ранее принятых и разрушают «триаду Бохмана», конкретизированы риски развития ГПЭ при приеме тамоксифена и нюансах менопаузальной гормональной терапии. Обозначены результаты исследований, направленных на диагностику ГПЭ и РЭ. Представленные в обзоре различия в этиопатогенезе, распространенности, диагностике, факторах риска развития и прогрессирования в злокачественный процесс представляют 2 вида ГПЭ (без атипии и с атипией) как абсолютно разные заболевания эндометрия, объединенные в одну классификацию.

Introduction. It is known that hormonal and immune disorders are the background for endometriosis development. In children, ovarian endometriosis is extremely rare. Enucleation of an endometrioid cyst with preservation of healthy ovarian tissue is an enough surgical volume. However, torsion of adnexa in adolescence is quite an often pathology, and even in case of true ovarian tumor absence, it requires adnexectomy which, as a rule, finishes with uterine appendages removal.A clinical observation. An 11-year-old girl with a history of early menarche was admitted to the surgical department with a clinical picture of twisted adnexa: acute abdominal pain combined with repeated vomiting. After gynecologist’s examination, a torsion of the left appendage was suspected; the patient was transferred to the gynecological department where ultrasound examination revealed a volumetric formation in the left ovary. Indications for emergency surgical treatment were outlined. Laparoscopy and left adnexectomy were performed. Histological examination revealed no necrotic changes in the uterine appendages, but an endometrioid cyst was found. On day 7, the patient was discharged from the hospital. The article presents a clinical observation of 11-year-old girl with twisted adnexa and an endometrioid cyst. To treat this pathology, the girl had laparoscopy and adnexectomy.Conclusion. Immediate and correct diagnosis was put due to a typical clinical picture of twisted adnexa in a teenage girl. The volume of surgical intervention is unreasonably large. Early menarche should be considered as a marker of endometriosis in preclinical diagnostics of the disease so as to prevent urgent conditions and to preserve the reproductive potential. Unjustified ovariectomy during the formation of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in a teenager, with the initially unfavorable premorbid background, brings even greater aggravation of hormonal and immune disorders with the stress to homeostasis-regulating systems.

Adenomyosis is a benign neoplastic process of the uterus, one of the forms of endometrioid disease. The negative impact of this pathology on the outcome of ART programs is associated with impaired implantation and loss of pregnancy in the early stages. We studied the levels of regulatory transport proteins (α2-MG, α1-AT, LF and ALB) and cytokines (IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, INF-γ) in the blood serum of infertile patients with grade 1-2 adenomyosis and their influence on the outcomes of IVF programs. The study included 97 women. The main group consisted of 60 infertile patients with grade 1-2 adenomyosis, the comparison group consisted of 37 healthy women with male factor infertility. The embryos were cultured in one-step Irvine medium. The quality of embryos was assessed according to international standards (scale Gardner D.K. et al., 2001). Selective transfer of no more than 2 good quality embryos was performed on the 5th day of development. The effectiveness of IVF programs was assessed by the incidence of clinical pregnancy (CNB) according to ultrasound data on days 21-23 after embryo transfer. The study showed that the immunological profile of some factors of innate immunity: pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, chemokine IL-8 and IFN-γ) and immunoregulatory proteins (a2-MG and a1-AT and Lf) in the blood serum of women with adenomyosis, entering the IVF program, has significant differences from the indicators of healthy women. In particular, they have decreased levels of a2-MG and a1-AT and increased concentrations of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, chemokine IL-8, and lactoferrin. Changes in indicators in response to CVD also differed in patients with adenomyosis and healthy women. Adenomyosis is a benign neoplastic process of the uterus, one of the forms of endometrioid disease. The negative impact of this pathology on the outcome of ART programs is associated with impaired implantation and loss of pregnancy in the early stages. We studied the levels of regulatory transport proteins (α2-MG, α1-AT, LF and ALB) and cytokines (IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, INF-γ) in the blood serum of infertile patients with grade 1-2 adenomyosis and their influence on the outcomes of IVF programs. The study included 97 women. The main group consisted of 60 infertile patients with grade 1-2 adenomyosis, the comparison group consisted of 37 healthy women with male factor infertility. The embryos were cultured in one-step Irvine medium. The quality of embryos was assessed according to international standards (scale Gardner D.K. et al., 2001). Selective transfer of no more than 2 good quality embryos was performed on the 5th day of development. The effectiveness of IVF programs was assessed by the incidence of clinical pregnancy (CNB) according to ultrasound data on days 21-23 after embryo transfer. The study showed that the immunological profile of some factors of innate immunity: pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, chemokine IL-8 and IFN-γ) and immunoregulatory proteins (a2-MG and a1-AT and Lf) in the blood serum of women with adenomyosis, entering the IVF program, has significant differences from the indicators of healthy women. In particular, they have decreased levels of a2-MG and a1-AT and increased concentrations of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, chemokine IL-8, and lactoferrin. Changes in indicators in response to CVD also differed in patients with adenomyosis and healthy women.

Adenomyosis is a benign neoplastic process of the uterus, one of the forms of endometrioid disease. The negative impact of this pathology on the outcome of ART programs is associated with impaired implantation and loss of pregnancy in the early stages.We studied the levels of regulatory transport proteins (α2-MG, α1-AT, LF and ALB) and cytokines (IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, INF-γ) in the blood serum of infertile patients with grade 1-2 adenomyosis and their influence on the outcomes of IVF programs. The study included 97 women. The main group consisted of 60 infertile patients with grade 1-2 adenomyosis, the comparison group consisted of 37 healthy women with male factor infertility.The embryos were cultured in one-step Irvine medium. The quality of embryos was assessed according to international standards (scale Gardner D.K. et al., 2001). Selective transfer of no more than 2 good quality embryos was performed on the 5th day of development. The effectiveness of IVF programs was assessed by the incidence of clinical pregnancy (CNB) according to ultrasound data on days 21-23 after embryo transfer. The study showed that the immunological profile of some factors of innate immunity: pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, chemokine IL-8 and IFN-γ) and immunoregulatory proteins (a2-MG and a1-AT and Lf) in the blood serum of women with adenomyosis, entering the IVF program, has significant differences from the indicators of healthy women. In particular, they have decreased levels of a2-MG and a1-AT and increased concentrations of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, chemokine IL-8, and lactoferrin. Changes in indicators in response to CVD also differed in patients with adenomyosis and healthy women.Adenomyosis is a benign neoplastic process of the uterus, one of the forms of endometrioid disease. The negative impact of this pathology on the outcome of ART programs is associated with impaired implantation and loss of pregnancy in the early stages. We studied the levels of regulatory transport proteins (α2-MG, α1-AT, LF and ALB) and cytokines (IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, INF-γ) in the blood serum of infertile patients with grade 1-2 adenomyosis and their influence on the outcomes of IVF programs.The study included 97 women. The main group consisted of 60 infertile patients with grade 1-2 adenomyosis, the comparison group consisted of 37 healthy women with male factor infertility.The embryos were cultured in one-step Irvine medium. The quality of embryos was assessed according to international standards (scale Gardner D.K. et al., 2001). Selective transfer of no more than 2 good quality embryos was performed on the 5th day of development. The effectiveness of IVF programs was assessed by the incidence of clinical pregnancy (CNB) according to ultrasound data on days 21-23 after embryo transfer.The study showed that the immunological profile of some factors of innate immunity: pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, chemokine IL-8 and IFN-γ) and immunoregulatory proteins (a2-MG and a1-AT and Lf) in the blood serum of women with adenomyosis, entering the IVF program, has significant differences from the indicators of healthy women. In particular, they have decreased levels of a2-MG and a1-AT and increased concentrations of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, chemokine IL-8, and lactoferrin. Changes in indicators in response to CVD also differed in patients with adenomyosis and healthy women.

The article analyzes and presents data for the last 70 years from the PubMed database on endometrial hyperplasia (EH), which is one of the leaders in the structure of gynecological diseases and the main predictor of endometrial cancer (EC). The chronicle of the EH classification is highlighted with a focus on changing the designation and relevance of adenomatous EH. It is shown how the current classification of EH, due to the fact that a large number of synonyms is limited by two options, allows to maximize the reproducibility of the diagnosis, improve the interaction of the obstetrician-gynecologist with the pathologist and reduce the treatment inefficiency. The results of modern studies on the prevalence and risk factors of EH and EC differ from previously accepted ones and destroy the Bohman triad. The risks of EH development with tamoxifen and menopausal hormone therapy are determined. The data of current research methods aimed at the diagnosis of EH and EC are indicated. The differences in etiopathogenesis, prevalence, diagnosis, risk factors for development and progression to the malignant process presented in the review represent two types of EH (without atypia and with atypia) as completely different endometrial diseases included in the same classification.