Agricultural green production (AGP) is a key strategy for ensuring stable and sustainable grain production in developing countries. However, from the perspective of technology acquisition, research on farmers’ willingness to adopt AGP remains limited. Based on this, a survey was conducted on 862 households in major grain-producing counties in the Huang Huai Hai Plain of China with a reliable and effective response rate of 97.44%. The aim was to employ Probit and mediation models to empirically analyze the direct impacts of green perception benefits and environmental regulation intensity on farmers’ AGP willingness, and further examine the intrinsic mechanisms of technology acquisition. The results demonstrated that both green perception benefits and environmental regulation intensity significantly enhanced farmers’ willingness to engage in AGP, with green perception benefits having a greater influence. Among the two-dimensional variables, economic benefits had a stronger promoting effect than identity benefits, with a difference of 0.044 units, while subjective regulation intensity outperformed objective regulation intensity by 0.173 units. This suggested the need to strengthen the subjective impact of AGP policies in practice. Further analysis revealed that technology acquisition mediated 5.87% of the effect of green perception benefits on farmers’ AGP willingness, with acquisition evaluation having the greatest mediating effect, followed by acquisition quality and acquisition channels. However, although the overall environmental regulation intensity did not significantly impact farmers’ willingness to engage in AGP, its two-dimensional indicators played a mediating role to varying degrees. The findings in this study provide valuable empirical evidence for promoting AGP among grain producers, contributing to grain production security and the sustainable development of developing countries. Thus, implementing environmental regulatory policies tailored to local conditions, enhancing farmers’ economic awareness and sense of responsibility, and expanding farmers’ channels for technology acquisition are reasonable policy choices.

文中基于微观调研数据,运用条件价值评估法(CVM)对农户农业绿色生产受偿额度进行测算,通过构建Heckman两阶段模型识别影响农户接受补偿的意愿及补偿额度的因素.在此基础上,运用分位数回归模型探究影响农户受偿水平即强度的关键因素.研究发现:1)有64.54％的农户愿意接受补偿,其受偿金额为233.98元/亩/年时,对农户从事农业绿色生产有促进作用.2)一般价值能显著提升农户接受补偿的意愿,政府激励的促进作用和监管的抑制作用同样不容忽视.当农户感知到环境价值影响深远时,其更希望获得高水平的补偿.3)环境价值、政府激励和成本风险的系数变化呈"V型",宗族网络的系数变化呈"倒V"型.在意愿受偿水平较低的农户中,销售前景对受偿水平的负向作用最强,其次是一般价值和成本风险的正向作用.而对受偿水平较高的农户,排名前三的影响因素依次是政府激励、销售前景、环境价值.

本文着眼于农业支持政策中存在的一些问题,利用2007～2017年23个省份的面板数据,构建动态面板GMM模型,研究了小麦、水稻、玉米产区农业政策支持对粮食生产力的影响效应.结果表明:当前农业政策支持对我国粮食生产力有显著的激励效应.其中,财政支农政策通过同时影响小麦、水稻、玉米播种面积和单产来影响生产力,固定资产投资通过提高小麦、水稻单产来提高生产力,产业结构通过减少小麦、水稻、玉米播种面积来降低生产力,粮食价格对三种粮食生产力影响较小,农业保险政策、抗灾能力、化肥用量、机械化程度对我国粮食生产力都有正向效应.最后提出调整财政支农资金投入方向,增强两区农业基础投入,优化区域布局和要素投入,实行差异化粮食价格、农业现代化技术补贴标准等建议.

Sustainable utilization of grassland resources was an important topic concerned by worldwide countries and regions, and ecological compensation had gradually become the main policy tool for grassland environmental management and ecological protection. This study adopted face-to-face interviews and questionnaires, and multiordered Logit model was then used to explore herdsmen’s satisfaction with Grassland Ecological Conservation Subsidy and Reward Policy (GECSRP) focusing on identifying the key factors behind it. Results showed that herdsmen were not satisfied with GECSRP on the whole, while value perception, environmental regulation and their interaction played a positive role on improving the satisfaction. Specifically, economic benefits had the strongest promotion impacts, followed by social identity in the two-dimensional variables of value perception. The guiding regulation had stronger promoting impacts, followed by the incentive regulation in the two-dimensional variables of environmental regulation. Interestingly, incentive regulation played an enhanced interaction on the influence of economic benefits and environmental value on herdsmen’s satisfaction, yet the interaction between guiding regulation and environmental value was not significant. These indicated that herdsmen paid more attention to substantial subsidies and rewards in the process of ecological livestock husbandry, and environmental regulation formulated by government had a phenomenon of “relative system failure”. Thus, the grassland ecological environment policy should be further adjusted and improved to promote the economic development of pastoral areas.

自2013年贵州省被正式纳入中央财政森林保险保费补贴试点范围以来,森林保险覆盖率显著提升,补贴金额大幅增加,但森林保险发展不够均衡、商品林保险增长缓慢,保险产品难以满足实际需求,保险定价机制不合理、费率厘定缺乏区域差异,保险总体赔付水平较低、风险补偿作用未能充分发挥,保险服务水平有待提高,部分市县配套保费补贴压力较大.因此,建议创新森林保险产品、完善保险定价及费率厘定机制、优化投保与理赔流程、实施差异化补贴标准,以此来促进贵州省森林保险健康可持续发展,并为全国森林保险发展提供借鉴和参考.

内蒙古自治区于2009～2014年实施了由国际农发基金提供高度优惠贷款支持的"内蒙古贫困地区农业综合开发项目",经过6年的实施,实施的项目活动取得了很好的效果,在项目区对诸多利益相关者产生了积极、深刻和深远的影响,自治区、市和县级各级项目管理机构以及各实施单位都积累了丰富的经验,学到了新的理念和知识.这些知识、理念和经验已广泛应用到农牧业生产、精准扶贫、乡村治理、农村金融等领域,特别是2016年以来在产业扶贫方面影响深远,对促进自治区农牧业发展,实施脱贫攻坚产生了积极深远的影响.

In the context of increasingly tight resource and environmental constraints, understanding why and how farmers were willing to engage in agricultural green production (AGP) had become a major practical issue that needed to be answered to promote sustainable development of agricultural economy. This study collected first-hand data of 645 grain growers and used structural equation model (SEM) to explore the impacts of farmers' perceptions on AGP willingness focusing on perceived value and its antecedent factors, namely perceived benefits and perceived risks. Results showed that perceived value and perceived benefits had significantly positive impacts on AGP willingness, while the impacts of perceived risks was significantly negative. Furthermore, it was found that although the direct effect from perceived value (0.364) on farmers' AGP willingness was greater than perceived benefits and perceived risks, the decisive factor that ultimately played a key role in AGP willingness was farmers' perceived benefits (0.501). This was because perceived value played an actively mediating role of 23.1% in the path from perceived benefits to green production willingness. Besides, the multi-group analysis (MGA) found that the variable 'whether to join a cooperative or not' had a positively moderating effect on the relationship between farmers' AGP perceived value and willingness. Meanwhile, the variable 'joining cooperative group' (0.552) had a greater impact on the perceived value-green production willingness path of farmers' AGP than the variable 'non-joining cooperative group' (0.251), which indicated that farmers' AGP willingness could be enhanced by joining a cooperative. This study provides some enlightenment and reference for policy makers and practitioners to design or adjust programs related to reducing rural environmental pollution and implementing AGP.