This study aims to compare the clinical and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) between oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (OBCS) and conventional breast-conserving surgery (CBCS) in early breast cancer (EBC) patients. Additionally, we applied machine learning (ML) to explore clinicopathologic variables associated with satisfaction with breasts, providing exploratory insights into individualized and patient-centered care in breast-conserving surgery (BCS). A retrospective analysis was conducted on 350 breast cancer patients who underwent either OBCS (n = 182) or CBCS (n = 168). Clinical data, including patient characteristics, surgical details, and complications, were collected and compared between the two groups. Patient satisfaction was measured using the BREAST-Q questionnaire. Disease-free survival (DFS) was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival curves. ML models were developed to predict satisfaction with their breasts. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values were employed to determine the importance of variables in the optimal model. Patients in the OBCS group had significantly larger tumor sizes (23.0 ± 9.2 mm vs. 17.5 ± 6.2 mm, p < 0.001) and longer operative times (179 ± 50 min vs. 90 ± 43 min, p < 0.001) compared to the CBCS group. Despite these differences, complication rates were comparable between the groups. The OBCS group reported higher satisfaction with breasts (78 vs. 65, p < 0.001) and better psychosocial well-being (84 vs. 71, p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed no significant difference in DFS between the two groups during the available follow-up period (p = 0.267). ML model performance, evaluated through accuracy, ROC curves and calibration curves, identified the neural network (NN) (AUC: 0.76 and 0.77) as the optimal model in both the training and validation cohorts. SHAP analysis indicated that surgery type, menopause status, location of carcinoma and BMI were among the variables associated with breast satisfaction. OBCS was associated with higher breast satisfaction and psychosocial well-being than CBCS in this cohort, with no significant difference in long-term outcomes during the available follow-up period. ML and SHAP analysis provided exploratory insights into factors associated with breast satisfaction, highlighting the potential value of personalized approaches in BCS.

Gene perturbation is essential for uncovering gene function and its involvement in various biological processes and diseases. GPSAdb 2.0 (https://www.gpsadb.com/) presents a significantly expanded and improved platform for exploring gene expression changes following gene knockdown across diverse cell lines. Compared to GPSAdb 1.0, this new version offers several key upgrades: (i) a substantial increase in data coverage, now featuring 7665 gene knockdown groups, 42 235 samples, and 2810 perturbation genes across a broader array of cell lines and biological conditions; (ii) the introduction of new tools, including "BioTrigger" for flexible gene set enrichment analysis and "fastGPSA" for rapid, advanced differential expression analysis. With these enhancements, GPSAdb 2.0 provides researchers with a powerful resource for investigating gene perturbation effects and gaining deeper insights into transcriptional regulation, making it an invaluable resource for studies on gene regulation, disease mechanisms, and potential therapeutic targets.

ObjectiveProphylactic dissection of lymph nodes posterior to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (LN-prRLN) in clinically node-negative (cN0) papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains controversial due to the inability to preoperatively assess LN-prRLN metastasis.Materials and methodsThis study aims to construct and validate an interpretable predictive model for LN-prRLN metastasis in cN0 PTC using machine learning (ML) method. Data were collected from hospital A and divided into training and testing sets (7:3). Additional data from the hospital B were used as validation set. Nine ML models, including XGBoost, were developed. Predictive performance was evaluated using ROC curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), calibration curves, and precision-recall curves. The best model was compared to a traditional logistic regression-based nomogram using learning curves and the method of Probability-based Ranking Model Approach (PMRA). SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were used to interpret the top ten predictive features and create a web-based calculator.ResultsA total of 2033 patients were included. XGBoost outperformed other models with AUCs of 0.859, and 0.885 for the testing, and validation sets, respectively, compared to the nomogram (0.814, 0.836). SHAP-based visualizations identified the top ten predictive features: ipsilateral paratracheal lymph node metastasis rate, number of total central lymph node metastases, total central lymph node metastasis rate, number of ipsilateral paratracheal lymph node metastases, pretracheal lymph node metastasis rate, ipsilateral paratracheal lymph node metastasis, unclear tumor border, size, and age ≤39 years. These features were used to develop a web-based calculator.ConclusionML is a reliable tool for predicting LN-prRLN metastasis in cN0 PTC patients. The SHAP method provides insights into the XGBoost model, and the resultant web-based calculator is a clinically useful tool to assist in the surgical planning for LN-prRLN dissection.

Lactation mastitis is a common postpartum disease. Flucloxacillin is frequently used for treatment, but its efficacy is limited in some cases, potentially causing adverse outcomes such as premature cessation of breastfeeding. This study aimed to identify risk factors for poor treatment outcomes in lactational mastitis managed with flucloxacillin and provide evidence for precise clinical management. A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January to December 2022 at the Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children in China. It included 133 hospitalized patients with acute lactational mastitis treated with flucloxacillin, divided into effective treatment (n = 93) and treatment failure (n = 40) groups. Effective treatment was defined as clinical improvement characterized by a reduction in breast pain and swelling, along with normalization of body temperature within 48 hours of initiating flucloxacillin therapy. Treatment failure was defined as the absence of clinical improvement or worsening of symptoms, necessitating a change in the antimicrobial regimen. Data on patient demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and treatment outcomes were collected and analyzed. Among 133 patients, 93 (69.9

BACKGROUND:The necessity of prophylactic lateral neck dissection for cN0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains debated. This study aimed to compare traditional nomograms with machine learning (ML) models for predicting ipsilateral lateral and level II, III, and IV lymph node metastasis (LNM). METHODS:Data from 1616 PTC patients diagnosed via fine-needle aspiration biopsy from hospital A were split into training and testing sets (7:3). Two hundred forty-three patients from hospital B served as a validation set. Four dependent variables-ipsilateral lateral and level II, III, and IV LNM-were analyzed. Eight ML models [logistic regression, decision tree, random forest (RF), gradient boosting, support vector machine, K-nearest neighbor, Gaussian naive Bayes, neural networks] were developed and validated using 10-fold cross-validation and grid search hyperparameter tuning. Models were assessed using 11 metrics including accuracy, area under the curve (AUC), specificity, and sensitivity. The best was compared with nomograms using the probability-based ranking model approach (PMRA). RESULTS:RF outperformed other approaches achieving accuracy, AUC, specificity, and sensitivity of 0.773/0.728, 0.858/0.799, 0.984/0.935, 0.757/0.807 in the testing/validation sets, respectively, for ipsilateral LLNM. A streamlined model based on the top 10 contributing features that includes ipsilateral central lymph node metastasis rate, extrathyroidal extension, and ipsilateral central lymph node metastasis number retained strong performance and clearly surpassed a traditional nomogram approach based on multiple metrics and PMRA analysis. Similar results were obtained for the other dependent variables, with the RF models relying on distinct but overlapping sets of features. Clinical tool implementation is facilitated via a web-based calculator for each of the 4 dependent variables. CONCLUSION:ML, especially RF, reliably predicts lateral LNM in cN0 PTC patients, outperforming traditional nomograms.

Rationale: This case analysis and literature review aim to identify the causes of bilateral chylothorax following thyroid cancer surgery, a rare yet serious complication. Patient concerns: We report 2 East Asian women who developed bilateral chylothorax after undergoing total thyroidectomy with neck lymph node dissection. Both patients presented with dyspnea and significant pleural effusion postoperatively. Diagnoses: Both patients were diagnosed with bilateral chylothorax based on clinical examination and imaging studies, including chest ultrasonography and X-rays. Interventions: In both cases, conservative management was initially implemented, involving chest tube drainage, total parenteral nutrition, and octreotide therapy. Surgical intervention was considered if conservative measures failed to control the chylous output. Outcomes: Both patients showed gradual improvement with conservative treatment, ultimately resulting in successful resolution of pleural effusion and discharge from the hospital without complications. Lessons: For patients with bilateral chylothorax, conservative treatment should be the initial approach for small effusions. For moderate to large effusions, placement of a chest drainage tube is recommended, and surgical intervention should be considered if chyle volume exceeds 10 mL/(kg/d) for 48 to 72 hours or persists for more than 11 days following conservative treatment.

Depression and sleep disturbances are associated with increased risks of various diseases and mortality, but their impacts on mortality in cancer survivors remain unclear. The objective of this study was to characterize the independent and joint associations of depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances with mortality outcomes in cancer survivors. This population-based prospective cohort study included cancer survivors aged ≥ 20 years (n = 2947; weighted population, 21,003,811) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2018 cycles. Depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances were self-reported. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9). Death outcomes were determined by correlation with National Death Index records through December 31, 2019. Primary outcomes included all-cause, cancer-specific, and noncancer mortality. During the median follow-up of 69 months (interquartile range, 37–109 months), 686 deaths occurred: 240 participants died from cancer, 146 from heart disease, and 300 from other causes. Separate analyses revealed that compared with a PHQ-9 score (0–4), a PHQ-9 score (5–9) was associated with a greater risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.28; 95

This study aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of breast-conserving surgery plus radiotherapy (BCS + RT) and mastectomy in early breast cancer (EBC) patients who received neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST), and sought to construct and authenticate a machine learning algorithm that could assist healthcare professionals in formulating personalized treatment strategies for this patient population. We analyzed data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database on EBC patients undergoing BCS + RT or mastectomy post-NST (2010-2018). Employing propensity score matching (PSM) to minimize potential biases, we compared breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS) between the two surgical groups. Additionally, we trained and validated six machine learning survival models and developed a cloud-based recommendation system for surgical treatment based on the optimal model. Among the 13,958 patients, 9028 (64.7%) underwent BCS + RT and 4930 (35.3%) underwent mastectomy. After PSM, there were 3715 patients in each group. Compared to mastectomy, BCS + RT significantly improved BCSS (p < 0.001) and OS (p < 0.001). Prognostic variables associated with BCSS were utilized to develop machine learning models. In both the training and validation cohorts, the random survival forest (RSF) model demonstrated superior predictive performance (0.847 and 0.795), not only outperforming other machine learning models, including Rpart (0.725 and 0.707), Xgboost (0.762 and 0.727), Glmboost (0.748 and 0.788), Survctree (0.764 and 0.766), and Survsvm (0.777 and 0.790), but also outperforming the classical COX model (0.749 and 0.782). Lastly, a web-based prediction tool was built to facilitate clinical application [https://jhren.shinyapps.io/shinyapp1]. After adjusting other confounders, BCS + RT was associated with improved outcomes in patients with EBC after NST, compared to those who underwent mastectomy. Moreover, the RSF model, a reliable tool, can predict long-term outcomes for patients, providing valuable guidance for operative methods and postoperative follow-up.

BackgroundThe role of age in metastatic disease, including breast cancer, remains obscure. This study was conducted to determine the role of age in patients with de novo metastatic breast cancer.MethodsBreast cancer patients diagnosed with distant metastases between 2010 and 2019 were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Comparisons were performed between young (aged ≤ 40 years), middle-aged (41–60 years), older (61–80 years), and the oldest old (> 80 years) patients. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. Survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsThis study included 24155 (4.4% of all patients) de novo metastatic breast cancer patients. The number of young, middle-aged, older, and the oldest old patients were 195 (8.3%), 9397 (38.9%), 10224 (42.3%), and 2539 (10.5%), respectively. The 5-year OS rate was highest in the young (42.1%), followed by middle-aged (34.8%), older (28.3%), and the oldest old patients (11.8%). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that middle-aged (aHR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.10–1.27), older (aHR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.32–1.52), and the oldest old patients (aHR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.98–2.33) had worse OS than young patients. Consistently, middle-aged (aHR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.08–1.25), older (aHR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.23–1.43), and the oldest old patients (aHR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.71–2.03) had worse BCSS than young patients.ConclusionThis study provided clear evidence that de novo metastatic breast cancer had an age-specific pattern. Age was an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with de novo metastatic breast cancer.

Lipoma is a common benign soft-tissue tumor. It is mainly located in the subcutaneous tissue. Patients with large lipoma present in a part of the body that is not covered by clothes usually require surgery. Studies on a vacuum-assisted minimally invasive rotary procedure for the treatment of masses on the body surface are rarely reported. We presented a case of a 34-year-old female patient with large lipoma who underwent an ultrasound-guided cutter groove-adjustable minimally invasive rotary cutting, including treatment procedures and recovery postsurgery. The patient was diagnosed with a subcutaneous lipoma (6x5 cm in size) on the right shoulder. Cutter groove-adjustable minimally invasive rotary cutting was used for resection under the guidance of the ultrasound. The incision was small and hidden, and the operation was successfully performed without causing additional scarring. Furthermore, the patient recovered well after surgery. These results suggest that cutter groove-adjustable minimally invasive treatment may be used as a good surgical option for removing benign tumors on the body surface without causing scarring.

BACKGROUND Lymph node metastasis (LNM) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has a certain regularity and occurs first to the central lymph node and then to the lateral lymph node. The pathway of PTC LNM can guide surgical prophylactic lymph node dissection (LND) for clinical surgeons. AIM To investigate the relationship between subgroups of central LNM and lateral LNM in unilateral clinically node-negative PTC (cN0-PTC). METHODS Data were collected for 1089 PTC patients who underwent surgical treatment at the Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery of the First Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2016 to December 2017. A total of 388 unilateral cN0-PTC patients met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in this study. The clinical and pathological data for these 388 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy + central LND + lateral LND were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between the central LNM and lateral LNM subgroups was investigated. RESULTS The coincidence rate of cN0-PTC was only 30.0%.Optimal scaling regression analysis showed that sex (57.1% vs 42.9%, P = 0.026), primary tumor size (68.8% vs 31.2%, P = 0.008), tumor location (59.7% vs 40.3%, P = 0.007), extrathyroid extension (ETE) (50.6% vs 49.9%, P = 0.046), and prelaryngeal LNM (57.1% vs 42.9%, P = 0.004) were significantly associated with ipsilateral level-II LNM. Their importance levels were 0.122, 0.213, 0.172, 0.110, and 0.227, respectively. Primary tumor size (74.6% vs 30.2%, P = 0.016), pretracheal LNM (67.5% vs 32.5%, P < 0.001), and paratracheal LNM (71.4% vs 28.6%, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with ipsilateral level-III LNM. Their importance levels were 0.120, 0.408, and 0.351, respectively. Primary tumor size (72.1% vs 27.9%, P = 0.003), ETE (70.4% vs 29.6%, P = 0.016), pretracheal LNM (68.3% vs 31.7%, P=0.001), and paratracheal LNM (80.8% vs 19.2%, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with ipsilateral level-IV LNM. Their importance levels were 0.164, 0.146, 0.216, and 0.472, respectively. CONCLUSION The LNM pathway of thyroid cancer has a certain regularity. For unilateral cN0-PTC patients with a tumor diameter > 2 cm and pretracheal or ipsilateral paratracheal LNM, LND at ipsilateral level III and level IV must be considered. When there is a tumor in the upper third of the thyroid with prelaryngeal LNM, LND at level II, level III and level IV must be considered.

Metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma in the lymph nodes with no primary tumor in the thyroid gland is rarely reported and is easily missed. We report the case of a 27-year-old female who presented with a tiny nodule in her left thyroid gland, which was detected during a routine ultrasonographic examination. She did not present with fever, weight loss, or night sweats, and no palpable mass was found in the physical examination. The preoperative blood routine, thyroid function, and thyroglobulin test results were normal. Needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid and lymph nodes was recommended. However, the patient was anxious and refused to have a fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), requesting surgical excision instead. The patient underwent a left thyroid lobectomy and ipsilateral central lymph node dissection under general anesthesia. Metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma was found in the central lymph nodes although there was no primary tumor in the left thyroid gland. We reviewed the literature and found the possible hypotheses to explain this phenomenon included the lack of a pathologic biopsy, tumor regression, and ectopic thyroid carcinoma. After 2 years of follow-up, no recurrence or metastasis of the tumor was found in this patient. In conclusion, we believe attention should be paid to occult thyroid cancer with papillary carcinoma in the lymph nodes so as to avoid missed diagnoses and delayed treatment.

BACKGROUND:Breast abscess is developed on the basis of acute mastitis, which will cause damage to the physical and mental health of lactating women and is an important factor affecting the rate of breastfeeding. This study examined the risk factors for mastitis to develop into breast abscess, and analyzed the distribution of pathogenic bacteria, bacterial resistance, and treatment outcome.METHODS:The medical records of 316 cases of mastitis and 219 cases of breast abscess were retrospectively collected. We analyzed the bacterial distribution of mastitis and breast abscess, and compared the differences of bacterial drug resistance. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the following aspects: age, primiparity or not, history of breast surgery, body temperature, puerperium or not, onset time, located in the nipple/areolar complexe area or not, history of massage by non-professionals, staphylococcus aureus/methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection or not, diabetes and white blood cell count.RESULTS:Of the 535 patients, 203 (37.9%) were positive for staphylococcus aureus. There were 133 (65.5%) cases of methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and 70 (34.5%) cases of MRSA. Concerning bacterial drug resistance, a statistical analysis showed that MSSA had high resistance rate to penicillin (96.2%), ampicillin (91%), clindamycin (42.9%) and erythromycin (45.9%). MRSA had a high resistance rate to penicillin (100%), ampicillin (98.6%), oxacillin (95.7%), erythromycin (81.4%), clindamycin (80%), and amoxicillin (31.7%). Risk factors for progression of mastitis to breast abscess include a body temperature<38.5°C, a postpartum time ≥ 42 days, an onset time ≥ 2 days, lesions in the nipple/areolar complex area, a history of massage by non-medical staff and bacterial cultures for milk or pus that test positive for staphylococcus aureus or MRSA (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS:The most common pathogenic bacteria of mastitis and breast abscess is staphylococcus aureus. There are many risk factors for mastitis to develop into breast abscess. We should take effective measures for its risk factors and select sensitive antibiotics according to the results of bacterial culture to reduce the formation of breast abscess.

目的 探讨醋酸泼尼松对浆细胞性乳腺炎患者血清中调节性T细胞(Treg)/辅助性T细胞17(Th17)比值及炎症因子的影响.方法 选取2017年10月至2019年10月重庆市妇幼保健院收治的浆细胞性乳腺炎患者80例,并将其随机分为观察组和对照组,每组40例.对照组患者给予哌拉西林舒巴坦钠治疗,观察组患者则给予醋酸泼尼松治疗.评价醋酸泼尼松对浆细胞性乳腺炎患者血清中Treg/Th17比值及炎症因子的影响.结果 治疗后,两组患者Treg细胞比例、Th17细胞比例、Treg/Th17比值及炎症因子(CRP、IL-6和TNF-α)水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05);观察组Treg细胞比例明显低于对照组,Th17细胞比例及Treg/Th17比值明显高于对照组(P<0.05),炎症因子水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 醋酸泼尼松对浆细胞性乳腺炎患者的治疗疗效显著,可明显对抗炎性反应、调节免疫细胞的功能.

HER2-positive breast cancer is highly aggressive and prone to recurrence and metastasis. T-DM1 (Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine) is a new anti-HER2 targeted drug with targeting therapeutic effect and cytotoxic killing. It was officially approved by the National Medical Products Administration in February 2020, but there are few reports about its application in China. In this paper, a case of locally advanced HER2-positive breast cancer treated with T-DM1 was reported, and relevant literature was reviewed to improve the understanding of targeted drug T-DM1, in order to provide a new anti-HER2 treatment option for HER2-positive breast cancer patients.

非哺乳期乳腺炎为非哺乳期间发生的一种乳腺炎性疾病,外科手术是治疗该病有效且常用的方法,不同病情及患者的不同要求,选择的手术方法存在一定差异,如病灶切除、皮下腺体切除、即刻乳房重建术等,但手术切除病灶对乳房形态影响较大,即刻安置乳房假体可能出现假体感染、重建失败的风险.针对对术后美容要求高的患者,可选择保留乳头乳晕的皮下腺体全切、即刻皮肤软组织扩张器植入、Ⅱ期更换假体的手术方式,其几乎可避免非哺乳期乳腺炎的复发,同时达到较好的美容效果.本文主要对双侧乳腺皮下腺体切除联合扩张器植入乳房重建术治疗非哺乳期乳腺炎1例进行分析.

Inflammation-modulating nutrients and inflammatory markers are established cancer risk factors, however, evidence regarding the association between post-diagnosis diet-associated inflammation and breast cancer survival is relatively sparse. We aimed to examine the association between post-diagnosis dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and risks of all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality. A total of 1064 female breast cancer survivors in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening (PLCO) Trial prospective cohort, were included in this analysis if they had completed the diet history questionnaire (DHQ). Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII TM ) scores were calculated based on food and supplement intake. Cox regression and competing risk models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazards ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) by E-DII tertile (T) for all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality. With median follow-up of 14.6 years, there were 296 (27.8%) deaths from all causes and 100 (9.4%) breast cancer-specific death. The E-DII was associated with all-cause mortality (HR T3 vs T1, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.01–1.81; P trend , 0.049, Table 2) and breast cancer mortality (HR T3 vs T1, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.89–2.43; P trend , 0.13; multivariable-adjusted HR for 1-unit increment: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.00–1.22). Non-linear positive dose–response associations with mortality from all causes were identified for E-DII scores ( P non-linearity < 0.05). The post-diagnosis E-DII was statistically significantly associated with mortality risk among breast cancer survivors. Long-term anti-inflammatory diet might be a means of improving survival of breast cancer survivors.

Objective To study the effect of lincRNA-p21 on the proliferation of renal cell carcinoma.Methods The expression levels of lincRNA-p21in renal cell carcinoma tissues and their corresponding para-cancerous tissues from 17 patients in department of nephrology,Hua Xi hospital,was detected by RT-PCR.In addition,the expression of lincRNA-p21 was analyzed in human clear cell RCC cell line 786-O and human embryonic kidney cell line HEK-293.The cell proliferation,apoptosis and the expression of Bax、Noxa、Puma that participated in p53 signaling pathway were detected after lincRNA-p21 was downregulated with siRNA.Results The expression levels of lincRNA-p21was higher in renal cell carcinoma tissues and 786-O cells than para-cancerous tissues and HEK-293 cells respectively(P ＜ 0.05).The ability of proliferation was significantly increased after lincRNA-p21 siRNA treatment in 786-O cells,whereas the cell apoptosis was decreased (P ＜ 0.05).The mRNA expressions of Bax,Noxa,Puma were also dramatically decreased after lincRNA-p21 was downregulated(P ＜0.05).Conclusion LincRNA-p21 inhibits the cell proliferation of 786-O cells through participation in p53 signal transduction pathways.These data suggested that lincRNA-p21 maybe could be used as molecular targets for human RCC treatment.

本文报道重庆医科大学附属第一医院2012年6月至2015年5月收治的58例行甲状旁腺切除术的甲状旁腺功能亢进症(hyperparathyroidism,HPT)患者中的3例(5.2%),因同期被诊断TG行TC手术患者的临床资料,发病率与文献[1]报道相似。其中2例为原发性HPT合并PTC,1例为继发性HPT合并PTC。术后随访,平均随访时间22.6(9 4 1)个月,患者恢复良好,均无低钙和复发,报道如下。

乳腺癌已成为全球女性健康的严重威胁,随着人们对乳腺癌研究的深入,遗传性乳腺癌及其易感因素也被越来越多的人关注.BRCA1/2基因在遗传性乳腺癌中的作用被深入的研究,在单核苷酸多态性与乳腺癌易感性、miRNA与乳腺癌的易感性、表观遗传学与乳腺癌的易感性等领域也都取得了一些重要的进展.本文旨在对近年来遗传性乳腺癌及乳腺癌易感性的研究进行综述.