The aim of this review is to investigate the impacts of various forest therapy activities on the physical and mental health of college students. Additionally, it evaluates the research methodologies and existing issues in current studies, providing an important agenda for future research. Research was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The findings suggest significant effects of forest therapy activities on the physiology and psychology of college students, notably improving the cardiovascular system, enhancing the immune system, boosting emotional well-being, alleviating job-related stress, and enhancing academic performance. This study further clarifies forest therapy as an emerging and effective intervention to reduce stress levels among college students, particularly when carried out continuously in easily accessible campus forest environments. Such therapeutic activities could serve as a component of daily stress-relieving programs for college students. This assessment offers valuable information for college students, educational institutions, and policymakers to promote the development of forest therapy on university campuses. However, some of the studies included in this investigation lacked methodological rigor. Future research should employ rigorous study designs to assess the long-term impacts of various forest therapy approaches on the mental and physical health of college students and identify the primary influencing factors. This will aid in determining suitable content, forms, and strategies for forest therapy projects tailored to college students, thereby maximizing the potential benefits of forest therapy on their mental and physical well-being.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dynamic and static forest bathing (Shinrin-yoku) on the physiological and psychological health of males and females. Dynamic pre-test and post-test forest bathing was performed on 11 participants (5 males and 6 females) as a single group in a forest environment. In addition, a randomized controlled trial involving 20 participants (10 males and 10 females) was conducted to evaluate static forest bathing in both forest and urban environments. Various physiological indicators, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse, heart rate variability (HRV), and self-assessed psychological indicators such as profile of mood states, were measured. Dynamic forest bathing resulted in a significant increase in the natural logarithmic value of the high frequency (lnHF) of HRV and significantly decreased ratio of the natural logarithmic value of the low frequency (lnLF) to lnHF (lnLF/lnHF) of HRV. Static forest bathing not only had the effects of dynamic forest bathing but also significantly decreased the participants' SBP, DBP, and pulse. Both dynamic and static forest bathing enhanced human parasympathetic nervous system activity and reduced sympathetic nervous system activity, particularly affecting females. Negative mood state scores (tension, anger, fatigue, depression, and confusion) and total mood disturbance scores significantly decreased after forest bathing. In contrast, positive mood state (vigor) scores significantly increased, indicating an enhancement in positive mood. These improvements in mood were particularly pronounced in male individuals. Short-term exposure to a forest environment has positive effects on both physical and mental health of individuals. The extent of these improvements varied according to factors such as engagement in physical activity and gender.

Forest therapy has been proven to have a quantifiable positive impact on human physiological and psychological health. Given that graduating students at university are easy to stress due to changes in life, pressure from their studies, and independence in finance. The main purpose of this research was to explore the effects of guided forest therapy on graduating college students through a field experiment in Pacific Spirit Regional Park which held significant geographical value. This paper investigated the pressure of graduating college students and their needs for forest therapy, and explored the psychological and physiological changes after guided forest therapy. This study also analyzed gender-related psychological and physiological differences. Thirty-six healthy graduating college students were invited to participate in a 2-hour forest therapy program. Likert scales were used to assess students' pressure and the demand for forest therapy. Most of the students were facing the pressure of graduation and were willing to participate in forest therapy. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, and heart rate variability (HRV) were used as physiological measurement indices. Our physiological results indicated that blood pressure significantly decreased, the high-frequency component of HRV (HF) was significantly larger, and the low-to-high-frequency component ratio (LF/HF) was smaller after the forest therapy program, and some beneficial changes in females were more significant than that in males. The participants' mean HR decreased throughout the forest therapy, but there were no significant differences. Mental status was assessed before and after forest therapy using the Profile of Mood States (POMS), employment stress scale and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for participants. Overall, the guided forest therapy program effectively reduced participants' employment stress and state anxiety. Our research showed that guided forest therapy had positive physiological and psychological benefits for graduating college students. In addition, females obtained more positive physiological benefits than males, and males obtained more positive psychological benefits than females throughout forest therapy. (c) 2023 Beijing Normal University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

In this study, four typical urban landscaping tree species were selected, three open top air chambers with different ozone concentrations were set, and the responses of chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll content and relative conductivity of the trees to ozone stress were studied. The results showed that with the increase in ozone concentration, the maximum photochemical efficiency, electron transfer quantum yield, electron transfer rate (ETR) and chlorophyll content of the different tree species decreased significantly, while the relative conductivity of the different tree species increased significantly. Compared with the ozone concentration of NF, under an ozone concentration of nf40 and nf80, the decline in the rate of Fv/Fm of Koelreuteria paniculata and Ginkgo biloba was 2.47 and 2.28 times that of Pinus bungeana and Platycladus orientalis, respectively, and the increase in the rate of relative conductivity of K. paniculata and G. biloba was 2.11 and 1.28 times that of P. bungeana and P. orientalis, respectively. Under different ozone concentrations, the photochemical efficiency, electron transfer rate, chlorophyll content and relative conductivity of P. bungeana and P. orientalis were higher than those of Ginkgo biloba and K. paniculata, indicating that K. paniculata and G. biloba were more sensitive to ozone. This study is of great significance for improving urban environmental quality and ozone control and also provides a basis for selecting tree species with strong ozone tolerance.

森林康养空间是开展康养活动、建立森林康养基地的基本单元.通过4组轮回专家问卷与因子分析法,收集229份问卷,筛选并构建森林康养空间评价指标体系.结果表明:1)以康养功能为核心、森林康养空间为目标的评价指标体系包含3个一级指标、6个二级指标和22个三级指标;2)森林环境资源与森林空间特征是评价森林康养空间的决定性条件;3)森林康养空间特征主要体现在环境舒适性、设施便捷性与空间规模性3方面;4)改善空气负离子浓度、空间可达性、设施保健功能适宜性、道路联通性、设施服务半径覆盖度和森林气候舒适度等指标可以显著提升森林康养空间康养效果.本研究成果能为森林康养空间规划设计及康养效果优化提供一定的理论支撑.

Aims This study focused on the newest evidence of the relationship between forest environmental exposure and human health and assessed the health efficacy of forest bathing on the human body as well as the methodological quality of a single study, aiming to provide scientific guidance for interdisciplinary integration of forestry and medicine. Method Through PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, 210 papers from January 1, 2015, to April 1, 2019, were retrieved, and the final 28 papers meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Result The methodological quality of papers included in the study was assessed quantitatively with the Downs and Black checklist. The methodological quality of papers using randomized controlled trials is significantly higher than that of papers using non-randomized controlled trials ( p < 0.05). Papers included in the study were analyzed qualitatively. The results demonstrated that forest bathing activities might have the following merits: remarkably improving cardiovascular function, hemodynamic indexes, neuroendocrine indexes, metabolic indexes, immunity and inflammatory indexes, antioxidant indexes, and electrophysiological indexes; significantly enhancing people’s emotional state, attitude, and feelings towards things, physical and psychological recovery, and adaptive behaviors; and obvious alleviation of anxiety and depression. Conclusion Forest bathing activities may significantly improve people’s physical and psychological health. In the future, medical empirical studies of forest bathing should reinforce basic studies and interdisciplinary exchange to enhance the methodological quality of papers while decreasing the risk of bias, thereby raising the grade of paper evidence.

首先,简单介绍森林康养的内涵和类型,并建立森林康养资源评价指标的基本框架,包括森林洁净度、 气候适宜度、 景观美景度、 资源丰富度这4项准则层和21项具体指标.其次,结合专家对不同康养类型的评价指标的重要性判断,运用层析分析法,计算出相应评价指标的权重值,并以此分析了四类康养活动的核心要素指标.最后,提出完善生态环境检测体系、 加强森林景观建设、 完善基础设施建设、 保护自然和人文资源的建议.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">森林疗养的机理研究一直备受学者们重视,森林挥发物的保健功能作为森林疗养科学理论中关键的一环,还处在理论研究与实际运用的探索阶段。文中简述了森林挥发物对人体抗癌、调节血压、缓解精神障碍、降低血糖、缓解疼痛、抗痉挛的保健作用,并对森林挥发物保健功能的研究方向进行了展望,旨在为森林疗养理论的深入研究起到一定的借鉴作用。</span>

我国森林康养产业起步晚、发展速度快,森林康养基地建设的需求日益迫切.采用专家咨询法、理论分析法构建了森林康养基地建设评价指标体系:共包括3个准则层,9项一级指标层,30项具体指标,并明确了各指标的内涵及其权重值;参照国家标准及森林、旅游资源评价等方面的研究成果,建立了相应指标的评分标准.根据不同指标的特性与评价依据来源,确定了相应的评价方法,并制定了与评价结果相对应的评价等级.