选择60名健康成年男性作为对照组,30名接触手传振动(HTV)的男性工人作为接振组,进行职业健康特征以及指端收缩压(FSBP)采集,计算健康人群的医学参考值范围;比较10℃以及15℃下对照组FSBP指数(％FSBP)的差异,并分别绘制两种温度下除大拇指外四指的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,预测FSBP诊断手臂振动病(HAVD)的价值.结果显示,食指至小指的％FSBP医学参考值上限10℃时分别为 99.08％、102.46％、107.83％、105.49％,15℃时分别为 130.71％、145.29％、137.34％、136.89％;10℃时食指、中指、无名指的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.825、0.880、0.755(P＜0.05),10℃时小指以及15℃时四指的AUC均P＞0.05.提示％FSBP检测在HAVD及其他振动性血管损伤疾病早期诊断中的应用价值较高;首选指标可以定为10℃le时的中指％FSBP,异常判定值可设为79.88％.

To control vibration-induced white finger among workers performing the fine grinding of golf club heads, in this study, the influence of different factors on vibration acceleration were verified by adjusting the eccentric mass of different dynamic balance wheels, adjusting the angle of driving wheels and passive wheels, increasing the number of rubber cushions, and using new and old sand belts. This study determined that the eccentric mass of the dynamic balance wheel, the number of rubber pads, and the newness of the sand belt are significant factors affecting the vibration of workers. The vibration hazard posed to workers can be reduced by correcting the dynamic balance of the front wheel, increasing the amount of rubber pads, and replacing the type of sand belt with a newer one.

抽取57份2020年广东省职业卫生技术服务机构重点行业定期检测报告,经5名专家评比打分,平均得分(74.9±5.4)(63.4～88.6)分,合格率100％,其中优秀报告8份(14.0％).单项审查内容结果显示,合同项优秀的报告有56份,占98.2％;现场调查和工作日写实项不合格的报告有19份,占33.3％,各单项的评分结果差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).不同资质、不同性质机构的报告优秀率差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),原甲级资质机构和公立机构的报告质量分别优于原乙级资质机构和民营机构.

BackgroundWearing anti-vibration gloves is a simple and effective way to prevent hand-arm vibration disease. The requirements for vibration damping gloves are varied by types of operations exposed to vibration.ObjectiveTo study the vibration attenuation and dexterity of different types of protective gloves, and to provide reference for scientific wearing of vibration damping gloves for people working with vibration exposure.MethodsNine kinds of common protective gloves (A and B were dipping gloves; C, D, and E were rubber gloves; F and G were textile and fabric gloves; H was cotton gloves; I was leather gloves) used by workers exposed to vibration in 28 factories in Guangdong Province were selected as research objects by typical case sampling method, and the basic parameters of included protective gloves were investigated and measured. According to ISO 10819:2013, a glove vibration transmissibility (GVT) test system was used to detect the vibration transmissibility values and analyze vibration attenuation characteristics of the subjects wearing different protective gloves. The dexterity was tested by Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test. Pearson test was used to analyze the correlations among glove thickness, vibration transmissibility, dexterity score, and grip strength score.ResultsFor rubber gloves (C, D, and E), the associated average adjusted vibration transmissibility at middle and low frequencies \begin{document}$ {\overline T _{\text{M}}} $\end{document} and average adjusted vibration transmissibility at high frequency \begin{document}$ {\overline T _{\text{H}}} $\end{document} were lower than those of other gloves (0.89-0.91 and 0.59-0.80 respectively), the vibration transmissibility values of 50-200 Hz frequency band was 0.81-0.97, and the vibration transmissibility values of 315-1250 Hz frequency band decreased with the increase of frequency (the minimum value was 0.13). For other types of gloves (A, B, F, G, H, and I), the \begin{document}$ {\overline T _{\text{M}}} $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ {\overline T _{\text{H}}} $\end{document} were 0.95-0.98 and 1.03-1.11 respectively, the vibration transmissibility values of 50-200 Hz frequency band was 0.96-1.02, and the vibration transmissibility values of 400-1250 Hz frequency band increased (the maximum value was 1.29). The \begin{document}$ {\overline T _{\text{M}}} $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ {\overline T _{\text{H}}} $\end{document}, and vibration transmissibility values of 40-1250 Hz frequency band of rubber gloves with double-layer protective materials (C, D, and E) were significantly lower than those of gloves with single-layer protective materials. But the \begin{document}$ {\overline T _{\text{M}}} $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ {\overline T _{\text{H}}} $\end{document} of gloves of other types with double-layer materials (F, H, and I) were still greater than 0.9 and 1.0 respectively. Compared with single-layer protective materials, the gloves of other types with double-layer materials showed no significant changes in the vibration transmissibility values of 25-200 frequency band (0.91-1.06), and an increase in the vibration transmissibility values of 250-630 Hz frequency band (the maximum value was 1.22). The dexterity scores and grip strength scores of dipping gloves (A and B) were the lowest. Rubber gloves C had the highest dexterity score and grip strength score. The thickness of protective gloves was negatively correlated with the vibration transmissibility values, and positively correlated with the dexterity score and the grip strength score (P < 0.05). The vibration transmissibility value was negatively correlated with the dexterity score and the grip strength score (P < 0.05).ConclusionAmong the 9 kinds of gloves, cotton gloves and leather gloves have no damping effect. Rubber gloves have certain vibration reduction effect, and the vibration reduction effect on high frequency band is better than that on low frequency band. The thicker the damping material is, the better the damping effect is, but the less the dexterity is. Appropriate damping gloves should be selected according to actual vibration operations.

In this study, the vibration total value of the acceleration transmitted to the wrist and elbow was measured in the laboratory with a group of 13 male subjects holding a cylindrical handle while modifying the coupling force under varying levels of vibration. The results were used to establish the relationship between hand-transmitted vibration and coupling forces and to compare with the relations proposed as part of an ISO Technical Specification, ISO/TS 15230-2. This was done to determine the suitability of the proposed relationships when variations are introduced on the level of vibration on the handle. While tracing back the origins of the relations proposed in ISO/TS 15230-2, this paper further brings in evidence of the importance of considering the role of coupling forces when evaluating the exposure to hand-transmitted vibration and provides additional evidence to support the relationships which are proposed as part of the ISO Technical Specification. Irrespective of the level of broadband random vibration excitation considered, the agreement with these relationships was found to be best when setting the reference coupling force at 50, 75, 100 and 125 N and whenever the coupling forces applied on the handle were maintained below 150 N.

目的 对3种防护手套的振动传递率进行测试分析,明确其实际减振效果.方法 采用典型抽样方法,选择3种防护手套为试验材料,并选择5名健康志愿者为受试者.依据ISO 10819:2013 Mechanical Vibration and Shock--Hand-arm Vibration--Measurement and Evaluation of the Vibration Transmissibility of Gloves at the Palm of the Hand(以下简称"ISO 10819:2013"),调查与测量防护手套的基本参数,采用手套振动传递率(GVT)测试系统对受试者佩戴不同防护手套的振动传递率进行测试,并进行减振特征频谱分析.结果 3种防护手套的减振材料厚度均符合标准要求.防护手套A、B、C的25.0～200.0 Hz频率修正后振动传递率平均值分别为0.91、0.75和0.94,200.0～1 250.0 Hz频率修正后振动传递率平均值为1.05、0.85和1.10.减振特征频谱分析结果显示:佩戴3种手套在25.0～200.0 Hz频率无减振效果;佩戴手套A和B对部分200.0～1 250.0 Hz频率振动具有放大作用;佩戴手套C对部分200.0～1 250.0 Hz频率振动具有一定减振效果,其中在频率1 250.0 Hz的减振效果最明显.结论 佩戴3种防护手套时测得GVT平均值尚未能满足ISO 10819:2013有关要求,减振效果欠佳,均不能定义为减振手套.