Aims – to study the dynamics of postural balance indicators in the process of total reconstruction of dentition occlusion. Materials and methods. The prospective study included 48 patients receiving dental orthopedic treatment for pathology of hard dental tissues and partial absence of teeth. Monitoring of postural status was carried out according to stabilometric studies and photometry of the direction and angular values of deviations of the general center of gravity of the body, the centers of gravity of body regions and the lines of their boundaries. Results. Before treatment, the examined patients were characterized by a ventral shift in the general center of gravity (5,07±0,62º) and the center of gravity of the cervical spine (5,50±0,75º), a shift in the center of gravity of the lumbosacral spine to the right (5,92±0,59º), significant inclination of the biauricular (7,09±0,57º), biacromial (8,31±0,84º), superior bicondylar (8,73±0,75º) lines in the frontal plane and clavioscapular (8,08±1,03º), bispinal (8,50±0,69º) lines – in the sagittal plane, as well as a pronounced decrease relative to the known norms of the statokinesiogram area indicators (273,06±82,62 mm 2 in test with eyes closed), the average position of the center of pressure in the frontal (–1,43±2,01 mm in the test with eyes closed) and sagittal (–36,94±7,39 mm and –28,17±4,48 mm in tests with open and closed eyes, respectively) axes. As the occlusal balance is restored using orthopedic dental methods, normalization of the values of all of the listed parameters has been recorded, with the exception of the angle of inclination of the upper bicondylar line. Conclusions. The angles of inclination of the pelvis and head in the frontal and sagittal planes, the asymmetry of the belt of the upper limbs and the range of fluctuations in the center of pressure of the feet along the sagittal and frontal axes are informative indicators of postural compensation for changes in the position of the lower jaw and disturbances in the occlusal balance of the dentition. To correct the corresponding posturological disorders, it is advisable to organize an interdisciplinary approach in the management of orthopedic dental patients with chiropractors, rehabilitation therapists, kinesiologists, and osteopaths.

Achievements in integrative areas of medicine can significantly supplement the traditional ideas about the etiopathogenesis of temporomandibular joint dysfunction, based on the positions of occlusal and neuromuscular theories and mainly limited to consideration of the elements of the stomatognathic system. The article presents the results of a study of data on the influence of the state of the spine on the pathogenesis of diseases of the temporomandibular joint and data on the effectiveness of the treatment of combined pathology of the joint and posture according to publications in domestic and foreign literature over the past 15 years. Expanding the view on the structure and function of the maxillofacial region and the role of craniopostural and craniovisceral relationships requires the development of a unified methodological approach to the diagnosis of patients with dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, which will help reduce the number of diagnostic errors and the risk of chronic pain phenomena.

One of the main difficulties in the rehabilitation of patients with a complete absence of teeth using removable lamellar dentures is the problem of adaptation to dentures and the full restoration of chewing function. This is often associated with insufficient fixation and stabilization of the prosthesis due to unfavorable anatomical conditions of the prosthetic bed. Improving the fixation and stabilization of removable lamellar dentures in the complete absence of teeth is facilitated by the use of special fixing creams, the mechanism of action is to create a viscous adhesive film between the prosthesis and the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed, which contributes to a tighter closure of the valve zone. A large number of creams for fixing prostheses are freely available and are in great demand. As part of a research project with grant support at Volgograd University, a new cream for this purpose has been developed. This study is a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of new and already known creams for fixing prostheses and was carried out by assessing the course of the adaptation process.

The loss of natural teeth and, especially, the complete loss of teeth, is an urgent problem of domestic and foreign dentistry, in the solution of which a significant place is given to prosthetics with full removable plate dentures. To improve the fixation and stabilization of complete removable plate dentures, dentists often consider it appropriate to use adhesive agents, the use of which also gives the patient psychological confidence, ensuring the success of orthopedic dental treatment. The purpose of the literature analysis is to summarize and analyze the literature data for the period 2012-2023 on modern adhesive means for fixing complete removable plate prostheses, their composition, main characteristics and properties. The analysis of scientific articles allows us to come to the conclusion that it is advisable for dentists-orthopedists to recommend adhesive agents to their patients and assist them in selecting a fixing agent taking into account individual characteristics, which will improve the quality and effectiveness of dental treatment.

The article presents the results of evaluating the effectiveness of "splint therapy" in patients with masticatory muscle hypertension according to the results of EMG and ultrasound. To achieve this goal, 62 patients aged 18 to 44 years with complaints of pain in the TMJ and masticatory muscles were examined. The examined persons were divided into two groups. The first group included 29 patients who underwent deprogramming of the masticatory muscles using a muscle relaxation splint made under conditions of habitual occlusion. The second group consisted of 33 patients who underwent a session of "TENS-therapy" using the "MYO-MONITOR J5" apparatus for deprogramming the masticatory muscles, followed by the manufacture of a muscle relaxation splint on the lower jaw. The evaluation of the treatment performed is fully possible to carry out electromyography of the temporal muscles and Dopplerography of the superficial temporal artery. According to the interference EMG study of patients in all groups, signs of hypertension of the masticatory muscles and asynchrony of their work were revealed. The analysis of the obtained results showed that after the manufacture of sports mouthguards in the first group, the favorable effect of the sports mouthguard is determined, which is expressed in a decrease in the amplitude of biopotentials, however, the asynchrony of muscle activity remains. In the second group, in the participants, the values of the amplitude of the biopotentials of the masticatory muscles were closer to normal values. The analysis of the obtained results showed that after the manufacture of sports mouth guards in the first group, the indicators of linear and volumetric blood flow velocity increased in the first and second groups, however, these indicators in the participants of the second group were close to normal. These techniques allow you to determine muscle tone at the beginning of treatment and over time, thereby helping to determine a more effective method of treatment. Thus, the materials of our study reflect the need to include electromyography and dopplerography in the treatment protocol for patients with TMJ dysfunction.

With the advent and introduction of composite materials into dental practice at the end of the 20th century, patients' requirements for the aesthetics of prostheses have increased dramatically. At about the same time, a new material appeared – zirconium dioxide, which has good aesthetic qualities, excellent strength characteristics, chemical stability and bio-inertia. However, for all its advantages, it also has a number of disadvantages, one of which is poor adhesion to fixing cements. To date, many methods have been proposed to improve the adhesion of prostheses made of zirconium dioxide, each of which has its own strengths and weaknesses. The purpose of this review is to analyze, compare and systematize existing methods and materials proposed to improve the adhesion of zirconium dioxide to fixing cements, as well as their evaluation to study current trends in surface conditioning methods with predictable results. Materials and methods. This study was conducted using the PubMed search engine. 42 articles were selected for the time period from 2016 to 2022. Search keywords: zirconia, zirconia adhesion, bond strength test. The articles used were selected according to the following criteria: publications in English, in vitro studies, studies with shear/tensile strength tests, systematic reviews. Only articles related to dentistry were considered. Conclusions. The selected literature describes many methods that enhance the adhesion of zirconium to fixing cements. However, their comparison and evaluation are difficult due to the authors' use of various tests and thermal cycling time. This is confirmed by our comparative evaluation of these methods according to criteria independent of each other. Currently, there is no generally accepted and standardized protocol for adhesive preparation of the surface of structures made of zirconium dioxide, which gives time-stable results. Additional research is needed.

Objective: To carry out a comparative analysis of the accuracy of the adherence of tooth-supported cast and milled cobalt chrome alloy frameworks in the shoulder area depending on the length of the prostheses. Methods: For the clinical trial 314 patients who needed metal-ceramic fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) were recruited. Metal frameworks of prostheses were made with conventional lost-wax technique (CLW) and computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM). To assess the accuracy of the adhesion of the frameworks to the ledges of the prepared teeth stumps, the silicon film between the abutment teeth and inner surface of crowns was obtained, cut into 8 pieces and measured in the shoulder area. The marginal gaps were measured using ImageJ2 application from digital photos obtained with calibrated digital microscope (250×). The data obtained were analyzed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis H-test and Mann- Whitney U-test. Results: The average values of the marginal gap in the CLW group ranged from 71.9±7.6 μm in single and double crowns to 117±3.7 μm in prostheses with a length of 7-8 units. With a corresponding increase in the length of the prostheses, the average values of the marginal gap in the CAD/CAM group were from 67.1±6.8 μm to 90.8±8.3 μm. Differences in marginal clearance parameters between all groups were statistically significant (p<0.05), except for the group of single and paired crowns with milled caps. Conclusion: The values of the edge gap in all groups were within the acceptable range. However, CAD/CAM frameworks were significantly more accurate in long-length prostheses. Keywords: Teeth prep, CAD/CAM, accuracy of the fit, ledge, precision of the fit, marginal gap.

The article presents the data of a complex dental and neurophysiological examination of young people with parafunctional activity of the masticatory muscles (bruxism). The effectiveness of stress-protective lateral heterosuggestion technique in the etiological and pathogenetic correction of bruxism and the possibility of its use in dental practice have been proven.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ «АППАРАТА ДЛЯ ИМИТАЦИИ РАбОТЫ ВИСОЧНО-НИЖНЕЧЕЛЮСТНОгО СУСТАВА И ЖЕВАТЕЛЬНЫХ МЫЩЦ» В КЛИНИКЕ ОРТОПЕДИЧЕСКОЙ СТОМАТОЛОгИИ ВОЛггМУЧепуряева О.С.

The article presents the results of evaluating the prototyping of metal-ceramic structures made by casting and selective laser sintering. To achieve this goal, 27 patients with fabricated metal-ceramic crowns and bridgeworks were examined. Two study groups were created. The first group included 14 patients for whom dental prosthesis frameworks were made by casting. The second group consisted of 13 people, for whom the frames of dentures were made by the method of selective laser sintering. The analysis of clinical effectiveness was carried out according to the following criteria: 1- precision of the felling of prosthesis frame to solid tissues of abutment teeth; 2- the condition of the marginal periodontium; 3- the integrity of the ceramic cladding. The results of the study showed that the precision to solid tooth tissues of metal-ceramic dental prostheses made by laser selective sintering is higher than of frames made by casting. In accordance to the second criteria the best results were also shown by the participants of the second group. No chipping of the ceramic veneer from the metal-ceramic denture frameworks made by laser selective sintering was found. Thus, dentures which frameworks are made by the method of selective laser sintering are characterized by a higher objective assessment of their precision to the solid tissues of the abutment teeth. Lesions of the marginal periodontium both inflammatory and dystrophic were less in the participants of the second group. The frequency of defects in the coating of metal-ceramic dentures was significantly lower in the case of fabrication frameworks by laser selective sintering.

АНАЛИЗ ВЕДЕНИЯ УЧЕБНОГО ПРОЦЕССА В ПЕРИОД ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19 НА СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ КАФЕДРАХПархоменко А.Н. 1 , Агеева Ю.В. 1 , Малолеткова А

The article presents data from dental and neurophysiological examinations of young people with and lack of parafunctional activity of the masticatory muscles (bruxism).

Objective : Designing effective interdisciplinary scheme for the diagnosis and treatment of functional disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Methods : 76 patients with complaints of pain, discomfort and constraint in masticatory muscles and TMJ, and headache were examined. When diagnosing, testing was carried out according to the Hamburg Protocol; according to its results three study groups were formed. Results: With minor initial functional changes in the muscles (group 1), splint therapy is sufficient to achieve the clinical effect. In more severe cases (2 nd and 3 rd groups), the use of transcranial electrical stimulation is effective, and muscle relaxants should be prescribed only if the latter is ineffective. Conclusions : An optimal differentiated scheme of interdisciplinary diagnosis and treatment of patients with functional TMJ disorders has been developed: an express examination according to the Hamburg Protocol determines the severity of the pathology, and electromyography is used not only as a diagnostic, but also as an evaluation criterion for the effectiveness of interdisciplinary rehabilitation at the intermediate and final stages.

КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ПАЦИЕНТА НЕСЪЕМНЫМИ ОРТОПЕДИЧЕСКИМИ КОНСТРУКЦИЯМИ С ОПОРОЙ НА ДЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИМПЛАНТАТЫ, ВНЕДРЕННЫЕ В НЕАДЕКВАТНОЙ ПОЗИЦИИПархоменко А.Н. 1 , Сорокина О

Objective : Designing effective interdisciplinary scheme for the diagnosis and treatment of functional disorders of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Methods : 76 patients with complaints of pain, discomfort and constraint in masticatory muscles and TMJ, and headache were examined. When diagnosing, testing was carried out according to the Hamburg Protocol; according to its results three study groups were formed. Results: With minor initial functional changes in the muscles (group 1), splint therapy is sufficient to achieve the clinical effect. In more severe cases (2 nd and 3 rd groups), the use of transcranial electrical stimulation is effective, and muscle relaxants should be prescribed only if the latter is ineffective. Conclusions : An optimal differentiated scheme of interdisciplinary diagnosis and treatment of patients with functional TMJ disorders has been developed: an express examination according to the Hamburg Protocol determines the severity of the pathology, and electromyography is used not only as a diagnostic, but also as an evaluation criterion for the effectiveness of interdisciplinary rehabilitation at the intermediate and final stages.

A wide choice of methods for obtaining impressions from a large number of installed dental implants leads to the question of the effectiveness and accuracy of existing methods. An accuracy assessment of the fit of the permanent prosthetic restorations based on parallel-installed dental implants was carried out after receiving the impressions with a standard closed tray, an individual open tray without splinting impression copings, splinting impression copings over and under the open tray. The accuracy of the transfer of the dental implants position was estimated by the size of the gap that occurs when fitting a permanent restoration. The smallest gap, (0,241 0,06) mm, was detected using an open tray with splinting impression copings under the tray. It provides the most accurate result of the transfer of the dental implants position installed in parallel in comparison with other methods of obtaining impressions.

Occlusal relationships of dentition in dentistry is important. When orthopedic treatment alters the shape of the crowns of the teeth and, as a consequence, change the occlusal relationships of dentition. Occlusal relationships form the basis of the functional activity of dental system, providing conditions for the functioning of the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint.

Occlusal relationships of dentition in dentistry is important. When orthopedic treatment alters the shape of the crowns of the teeth and, as a consequence, change the occlusal relationships of dentition. Occlusal relationships form the basis of the functional activity of dental system, providing conditions for the functioning of the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint.

На стоматологическом рынке имеется большой выбор цементов, различных по химическим, физическим и биологическим свойствам, что зачастую приводит к трудностям в выборе оптимального материала для фиксации несъемных ортопедических конструкций в различных клинических ситуациях. В связи с этим проведена оценка клинической эффективности фиксирующих материалов, наиболее часто используемых стоматологами Волгоградской области.