Global culture has increasingly shaped rural local place identities, generating significant impacts on spatial dynamics. This influence has sparked debates over whether it creates new opportunities or erodes traditional culture. However, China’s capital-driven rural policies frequently neglect the cultural and social roles of space, prioritizing economic outcomes instead, which undermines their potential to sustain local cultural identity and cohesion. This study adopts a neo-endogenous development perspective to examine the spatial production of exogenous cultural capital, such as arts and cultural activities, in rural China, and its embeddedness in shaping endogenous cultural identity. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is employed for empirical analysis in Yiheyuan Community, Shandong, to validate the proposed impact pathways. The findings indicate that global cultural capital impacts local cultural identity indirectly through spatial restructuring and power redistribution. Within this process, conceived space acts as a pivotal intermediary, influencing transformations in both lived and perceived spaces. These changes cascade into power redistribution, shaping livelihoods and empowerment, which ultimately strengthen cultural identity. Specifically, livelihood improvements play a key mediating role, not only directly enhancing cultural identity but also contributing to local empowerment. Younger generations particularly benefit from these livelihood improvements, while older generations are more influenced by transformations in lived space. Thus, if the diverse needs of different generations, particularly regarding livelihood improvements, empowerment, and social network support, are not effectively addressed, achieving sustainable rural revitalization and cohesive cultural identity will be challenging. This study advances neo-endogenous development theory by incorporating a spatial perspective, revealing the complex pathways through which global cultural capital influences local identity. It also provides targeted policy recommendations to promote culturally sensitive and sustainable rural revitalization.

Green exposure in public spaces plays a critical role in promoting mental health and well-being, especially for populations experiencing elevated psychological pressure in academically demanding environments such as university campuses. However, existing research remains largely limited to coarse-scale assessments, often overlooking the nuanced and nonlinear interactions between visual environmental characteristics and restorative quality across diverse spatial typologies. Addressing this gap, this study proposes a fine-scale, data-driven framework that integrates computer vision (CV) with perception-based evaluations using Shandong Jianzhu University as a case study. A semantic segmentation model (Mask2Former) was employed to extract 14 visual environmental elements from 193 campus photographs, while 426 students provided 4260 image-based evaluations of Perceived Restorative Quality (PRQ). Ridge regression optimized through cross-validation was used to identify key environmental correlates of PRQ, K-means clustering was applied to classify Campus Restorative Space (CRS) typologies, and Generalized Propensity Score Matching (GPSM) was employed to examine nonlinear dose–response relationships between sensory dimensions and restorative quality. The results indicate that natural elements, particularly vegetation and water-related features, are generally associated with higher PRQ scores; however, restorative responses do not consistently follow linear patterns. Several sensory dimensions exhibited threshold effects and diminishing marginal returns, suggesting that restorative benefits depend on balanced environmental composition rather than the simple accumulation of green elements. Furthermore, three CRS typologies—Greenery-Dominant Spaces, Open Landscape Spaces, and Courtyard Spaces—demonstrated distinct restorative pathways, indicating that the effects of environmental characteristics vary across spatial contexts. These findings support a context-dependent understanding of restorative environments and highlight the importance of spatial typology, environmental composition, and nonlinear responses in shaping restorative experiences. The study proposes a transferable analytical framework for assessing campus restorative environments and offers practical implications for evidence-based campus planning and design.

Understanding how urban environments stimulate routine physical activity is a central issue in public health. Running, as a low-threshold and widely accessible exercise, serves as a sensitive indicator of environmental influence. Yet, few studies have used methods capable of capturing the non-linear and context-dependent interactions through which multiple built-environment factors jointly shape running. This study investigates the spatiotemporal patterns of running and identifies how combinations of environmental features across different urban scenarios affect behavioural activation. We analysed 83,302 GPS-tracked running trajectories from Beijing. Built-environment indicators were integrated across five dimensions and examined using Light Gradient Boosting Machine with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). To enhance behavioural interpretability, variables were grouped into scenario-informed contexts representing commuting, restorative, and training environments. Temporal and spatial analyses were also conducted to identify diurnal, weekly, and spatial clustering patterns of running activity. Running exhibited clear morning-evening peaks, an inverted-U weekly rhythm, and a concentric spatial structure concentrated in central areas and along continuous spaces such as waterfronts and forest sports parks. SHAP interaction analysis further shows that non-linear built-environment effects are organised through configuration-specific interaction structures rather than marginal feature responses. Three dominant configurations are identified: (i) visual–landscape structures combining vegetation texture, sky openness, and water proximity; (ii) urban density configurations linking residential intensity, building form, accessibility, and nightlight intensity; and (iii) training configurations integrating facility density, route continuity, surface flatness, and shading. Running behaviour is jointly shaped by temporal rhythms, spatial clustering, and structured interactions among built-environment features. The findings demonstrate that physical activity patterns reflect the conditional contribution of co-occurring spatial attributes, providing evidence for designing more health-supportive and activity-friendly urban environments.

The global issue of job-housing imbalance is increasingly critical in urban planning and public health. This study utilizes data from the 2023 Jinan City Commuting Survey and employs structural equation modelling (SEM) to investigate the pathways and mechanisms linking neighborhood environments to health outcomes within this context. The findings reveal key insights: First, a higher Job-Housing Balance Index (JHBI) does not necessarily reduce commuting distances due to mismatches between local job opportunities and residents’ qualifications or preferences. Second, active commuting, such as walking and cycling, is positively associated with self-rated health and serves as a partial substitute for other physical activities. A trade-off appears to exist, as individuals who actively commute often reduce their engagement in planned exercise, indicating compensatory behavior. Third, neighborhood factors, including station density and access to service facilities, directly improve health, while road networks and building density are related to active commuting, which in turn is associated with health outcomes. The green space ratio is primarily associated with health outcomes through its relationship with commuting choices. These findings emphasize the health and environmental benefits of promoting active commuting. They also suggest that improving neighborhood environments—by increasing walkability, enhancing transit access, and providing local amenities—can help mitigate the negative effects of job-housing separation. The study offers empirical evidence to support integrated urban planning and public health policies aimed at fostering healthier, more sustainable cities.

Green finance (GF) is a new pivotal instrument for the synergy of pollution control and carbon reduction. From the dual perspective of effect and efficiency, this study constructs an econometric model based on panel data from prefecture-level cities in China to evaluate the impact of GF on the synergistic effect (SET) and synergistic efficiency (SEY) of pollution control and carbon reduction. Additionally, the spatial spillover effects of GF and their geographical boundaries are analyzed. The results reveal a clear trend of enhancement in both SET and SEY, yet regional disparities are also exhibited. GF can drive both SET and SEY, with possible mechanisms to promote technological innovation, reduce energy consumption, and optimize energy structure. The role of GF in enhancing SET is more prominent in western regions, resource-based cities, cities with high-intensity environmental regulation, low-level of industrial upgrading, and high-level of financial development. The role of GF in improving SEY is more evident in central regions, non-resource-based cities, cities with low-intensity environmental regulation, high-level of industrial upgrading, and high-level of financial development. GF exhibits positive spatial spillover effects on both SET and SEY, which can radiate up to 400 km and 500 km, respectively.

This study examines the urban planning phenomenon of heritage to community, focusing on how collaborative governance integrates heritage preservation with livability. Using Beijing's Shijia and Sanjing Hutongs as case studies, we examine how these communities balance historical integrity with modern living needs. Employing door-to-door surveys and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the study reveals that collaborative governance enhances neighborhood satisfaction by strengthening social capital and local attachment, which in turn improves heritage preservation awareness and outcomes. The findings highlight that enhancing livability is not just compatible with preservation but essential to it. Additionally, Propensity Score Matching (PSM) is used to assess the role of the Shijia Hutong Museum as a spatial foundation for collaborative governance, demonstrating how such spaces strengthen collective action. This research positions cultural heritage within the chrono-urbanism framework, offering a new perspective on balancing the dual goals of heritage preservation and livability.

IntroductionLong-duration commuting is widely recognized for its significant influence on health. However, while research has traditionally focused on direct impacts, there remains a critical need to explore the nonlinear dynamics of this relationship. This study aims to deepen our understanding of how behavioral preferences and built environments contribute to these complex interactions.MethodsThis study was conducted in Jinan, China’s most congested city, using data from the “Jinan Residents Commuting Survey” of 1,755 participants aged 19 to 59. We applied Generalized Propensity Score Matching (GPSM) to explore the nonlinear effects of commuting time on self-rated health, adjusting for participants’ sociodemographic characteristics. Variables related to active commuting, physical activity, and perceived built environment were also examined for their potential moderating effects.ResultsCommuting for less than 21 minutes enhances health, but negative effects intensify and peak at 60 minutes. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that women and older adults, especially those with higher incomes, are more susceptible to long commutes, experiencing a delayed onset of adverse effects. While active commuting offers health benefits, it may exacerbate health issues if prolonged. Conversely, regular physical activity consistently improves health outcomes related to commuting. Additionally, factors like residential greenery and walkability help alleviate commuting-related stress, improving the overall commuting-health dynamic.DiscussionThis study clarifies the commuting-health relationship by identifying key time thresholds and the positive effects of active commuting and physical activity on mitigating longer commute impacts. The findings inform healthier commuting behaviors and offer practical guidelines for urban planning and policy-making to enhance commuter well-being.

In the current context of aging and urbanization, the rapid increase in the prevalences of disabilities (PoDs) has become an important consideration in healthy urban planning. Previous studies have focused on the spatial prevalence of total disabilities based on large-scale survey data. However, few studies have examined different types of PoDs and the factors contributing to spatial disparities in micro-urban units at the municipal level. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the spatial PoDs, related built environments, and socio-economic factors across the Tianjin municipality in 2020. The study employed Getis–Ord GI* analysis to identify urban-rural disparities and ordinary least square (OLS) and quantile regression (QR) analyses to model the heterogeneous effects of the spatial PoDs-associated factors across quantiles. The results reveal that the PoDs, especially of visual, hearing, and limb disabilities, in the urban center, are significantly higher than those in rural areas, which is inconsistent with previous studies conducted in China. The urbanization rate, medical facilities, and education facilities significantly reduced the total PoDs, while the elderly population, migrant population, bus route density, and road density significantly increased it. The built environments and socio-economic factors had heterogeneous impacts on different types of PoDs, which were summarized into three categories based on these dominant factors: (1) visual and hearing disabilities were medical facility-dominated; (2) intellectual and limb disabilities were urbanization- and aging-dominated; and (3) mental and speech disabilities were migrant-dominated. This study provides scientific advice to adapt to the expected increase in demand for disability-related medical and public health services and to expand the range of effective strategies and interventions aimed at preventing the deterioration of disability and improving disability management in the population.

At present, China is entering an important transition period of high-speed growth to high-quality development. It has become an important and urgent research and practice proposition to promote the high-quality development of human settlements and the modernization of urban and rural governance, and to construct an inclusive, just and harmonious socialist society with characteristics. In the current context of aging and urbanization, the rapid increase in the prevalence of disabled people has become an important proposition in healthy urban planning in our country.The study of spatial distribution characteristics and differentiation mechanism of disabled people is of great significance for adapting to their living and all-round development needs and helping to construct a harmonious socialist society. Empirical studies on the spatial distribution of disabled people at the urban level in China are still at an early stage, and knowledge about disabled people is largely derived from the health sector. From a geospatial perspective, research on the characteristics and patterns of the distribution of disabled people, influencing factors and roles is still limited, and it is difficult to form a more unified view due to differences in the level of development and the characteristics of disabled people in different research regions. In this paper, the spatial agglomeration characteristics of population with disabilities in street scale are analyzed quantitatively by spatial measurement model, and the influence of socioeconomic and built environment indicators on spatial agglomeration of different types of disabled people is explored.The results show that: 1) Tianjin has significant urban-rural differences in the spatial agglomeration of disabled people. The spatial structure system of “one master and two pairs” is basically formed. “Two regional centers” include Binhai New Area and Jinnan District in the east, as well as Thistle District and Baodi District in the north. 2) The central urban areas and their spillover neighbourhoods are centres of concentration for almost all types of disabilities, in particular the only hotspots for the distribution of groups of persons with limb disabilities such as vision, hearing and limbs; The groups of the mentally and spiritually handicapped, such as speech and mental abilities,are mainly concentrated in marginal areas and rural areas, forming enclaves in their periphery. 3)The proportion of the elderly population affects visual, hearing, limb and spatial concentration of persons with multiple disabilities; Urbanization rate, increasing rate of urbanization and proportion of migrant population affect limb, intellectual, mental and spatial agglomeration of persons with multiple disabilities; The number of beds per thousand affects the spatial distribution of persons with visual, hearing and speech disabilities. Primary and secondary school per 1,000 population affects the spatial distribution of persons with limb, intellectual and mental disabilities.Therefore, the paper puts forward some optimization suggestions to promote the equalization of public services, to make up the shortcoming of public services in hot spots, and to improve the guiding and implementing effectiveness of planning policy based on spatial differences of the main body agglomeration. It is recommended that urban planning in urban centers should attach importance to the construction of barrier-free environments, in particular to the growing problem of ageing, so as to meet the socioeconomic mobility needs of persons with limb disabilities by improving barrier-free facilities for road construction and increasing barrier-free adaptation in older neighbourhoods. At the same time, according to the goal of “prevention and control combination”, the accurate provision of public services for the disabled in the peripheral areas of urban centers should be improved. Urban fringe areas, where migrant populations are concentrated, should strengthen the vocational training of migrant workers, improve their working environment and social security conditions, reduce the risk of occupational disability and improve the quality of rehabilitation for the sick. Basic education can be used in rural areas, where the situation is relatively complex, to raise awareness of disability control and eugenics and to reduce the concentration of speech disabilities in local areas such as communities and families. Specialized outpatient clinics and rehabilitation institutions may be set up for geographically specific persons with intellectual and mental disabilities in order to meet their urgent needs for early rehabilitation and long-term treatment. Through the above measures to improve the prevention and treatment of health and quality of life of disabled people, spatial planning serves to build a harmonious society and advance the scientific values and strategic objectives of social equity and justice.

Social forces play a pivotal role in constructing collaborative,co-governing,and resource-sharing community governance structures,thereby elevating the level of community governance.Their involvement in the renovation of old communities is conducive to enhancing community identity,nurturing social capital,and effectively increasing resident satisfaction during the renovation process.This paper establishes a theoretical analytical framework concerning the intervention of social forces in community trust-building and the enhancement of resident satisfaction.Empirical research was conducted in the Shijia and Sanjing communities in Beijing,employing a combination of questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews.Utilizing ordinal regression analysis,we validated the positive impact of community trust-building on resident satisfaction during the renovation of old communities,as well as the moderating effect of social forces on this relationship.The study summarizes the underlying mechanisms and strategic insights derived from these findings.These insights aim to effectively raise the level of old community renovation and community governance capacity.

The metro station ridership features are associated significantly with the built environment factors of the pedestrian catchment area surrounding metro stations. The existing studies have focused on the impact on total ridership at metro stations, ignoring the impact on varying patterns of metro station ridership. Therefore, the reasonable identification of metro station categories and built environment factors affecting the varying patterns of ridership in different categories of stations is very important for metro construction. In this study, we developed a data-driven framework to examine the relationship between varying patterns of metro station ridership and built environment factors in these areas. By leveraging smart card data, we extracted the dynamic characteristics of ridership and utilized hierarchical clustering and K-means clustering to identify diverse patterns of metro station ridership, and we finally identified six main ridership patterns. We then developed a newly built environment measurement framework and adopted multinomial logistic regression analysis to explore the association between ridership patterns and built environment factors. (1) The clustering analysis results revealed that six station types were classified based on varying patterns of passenger flow, representing distinct functional characteristics. (2) The regression analysis indicated that diversity, density, and location factors were significantly associated with most station function types, while destination accessibility was only positively associated with employment-oriented type stations, and centrality was only associated with employment-oriented hybrid type station. The research results could inform the spatial planning and design around metro stations and the planning and design of metro systems. The built environment of pedestrian catchment areas surrounding metro stations can be enhanced through rational land use planning and the appropriate allocation of urban infrastructure and public service facilities.

依据地域内部碳达峰的趋势特征和路径类型,制定差异化的碳达峰行动决策,有助于尽快实现国家的"双碳"目标.文章基于碳达峰评估指标体系静态特征和动态趋势的分析,研究了山东省碳排放的分布格局,阐明了碳达峰的单元类型及其演进差异.结果表明:在数量结构上,山东省县域单元的主要碳达峰类型呈"金字塔"形的组合结构,示范型地区数量为 10 个,而落后型地区为 62 个;示范、潜力和转型等相对先进的地区,集中分布于济南、青岛及其周边区域,而落后型地区则主要在鲁西和鲁南地区连片集聚;根据不同类型地区社会经济建设及其碳排放的聚类特征,设计和实施差异化碳达峰路径,促进了区域低碳建设,加快了碳达峰进程.

In the pursuit of China’s carbon peak and carbon neutrality objectives, county-level areas assume a pivotal role in orchestrating diverse initiatives for low-carbon development. However, empirical evidence is limited. This paper aims to fill this gap by exploring the driving factors of carbon peak and carbon peak path at the county level, using Shandong Province as a case study. Employing data related to economic development, industrial structure, land utilization, energy consumption, and emission characteristics, a principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized to extract the following five driving factors of carbon peak: green transformation, urbanization, industrial construction, energy consumption, and environmental constraints. Subsequently, K-means clustering identified five cluster areas: (1) agricultural transformation pending area, (2) low-carbon lagging area, (3) industrial transformation area, (4) low-carbon potential areas, and (5) low-carbon demonstration area. Based on these areas, this study further elucidates spatial combination models of carbon peak within the urban system, spanning central cities, coastal cities, resource-based cities, and agricultural cities. The paper enhances comprehension of the integral role county-level areas play in achieving China’s carbon reduction objectives. By providing nuanced insights into diverse developmental trajectories and spatial interactions, the study contributes to effective low-carbon strategy formulation. The findings underscore the importance of considering specific county attributes in urban areas to devise precise optimization strategies and trajectories, ultimately facilitating the realization of carbon peak goals.

Abstract In the current context of aging and urbanization, the rapid increase in the prevalence of disabilities (PoDs) has become an important consideration in healthy urban planning. Previous studies have focused on the spatial prevalence of total disabilities based on large-scale survey data. However, few studies have examined different types of PoDs and the factors contributing to spatial disparities in micro-urban units at the municipal level. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the spatial PoDs, related built environments, and socio-economic factors across Tianjin municipality in 2020. The study employed Getis-Ord GI* analysis to identify urban-rural disparities and OLS and quantile regression analyses to model the heterogeneous effects of the spatial PoDs determinants across quantiles. The results reveal that the PoDs, especially visual, hearing, and limb disabilities, in the urban centre, are significantly higher than those in rural areas, which is inconsistent with previous studies conducted in China. Urbanization rate, medical facilities, and education facilities significantly reduced total PoDs, while the elderly population, migrant population, bus route density, and road density significantly increased it. The built environments and socio-economic factors had heterogeneous impacts on different types of PoDs, which were summarized into three categories based on the dominant determinants: (1) visual and hearing disabilities were medical facility dominated; (2) intellectual and limb disabilities were urbanization, and aging dominated; and (3) mental and speech disabilities were migrant dominated. This study provides scientific advice to adapt to the expected increase in demand for disability-related medical and public health services and to expand the range of effective strategies and interventions aimed at preventing the deterioration of disability and improving disability management in the population.

高质量的残疾人基本公共服务供给有助于提升社会保障水平,维护残疾人基本生存权和发展权,是在后脱贫时代实现"造血式"脱贫的重要一环.以天津市为例,基于对残疾人多维贫困水平和公共服务设施可达性的测度,利用耦合协调模型,探索街道尺度下残疾人公共服务设施可达性与多维贫困的耦合分布特征.结果显示,残疾人公共服务设施可达性和多维贫困的空间格局不仅都呈现显著的城乡二元差异,而且两者存在空间负相关性与明显耦合特征,以中心城区和乡村地区核心街道为中心,分别向外圈层递减和递增.最后,据此对城乡公共服务设施配置提出了差异化提升路径与策略.

历史文化街区作为一个城市形象体现和功能承载的重要组成部分,注重其特色保护和活力提升有利于彰显城市魅力、提高城市空间品质.由于历史文化街区的建成环境较为复杂,传统的调研和分析方法耗时耗力且难以清晰反映其空间特征,因此在便捷的数字时代,如何整合多元数据资源,寻找适宜的空间分析方法,成为研究历史文化街区活力的热点话题.文章首先对城市空间及历史文化街区活力方面的既有研究进行综述,由此选取大数据和空间句法作为研究方法.其次,以青岛市中山路历史文化街区为例,通过空间句法分析街区的整合度、选择度、协同度和可理解度,并运用ArcGIS对商业POI数据进行核密度分析,探究街区的空间结构和功能布局特征,之后与百度热力图表征的街区人口活力进行交叉分析,发现运用空间句法分析的街区交通组织适宜性与实际的人群聚集存在偏差,因而结合六类商业POI核密度深入分析差异性存在的内在原因.最后,文章总结中山路历史文化街区目前存在活力不足,陷入发展困境;空间品质欠佳,交通亟待改善;社会关系转变,文化内涵缺失等问题,并提出明确功能定位,改变服务群体;打造文化IP,引入多元业态;改善物质环境,提升街区品质这三点建议.

作为典型的弱势群体,残疾人伴随着社会发展逐步出现社会空间分异.以天津市35万持证残疾人为研究对象,利用社会区因子生态分析方法分析其社会经济特征,研究街道尺度下残疾人的社会空间分异特征,以期为预防残疾发生和残疾人政策的制定提供科学依据和决策支持.结果表明:(1)天津市残疾人社会区主因子包括非正规就业残疾人、城市老年残疾人、未成年残疾人、受婚姻挤压的残疾人和低收入残疾人;(2)依据主因子的聚类分析进一步得到社会区类型,包括残疾老龄化区域、城镇化过渡区域、就业导向聚居区域、残疾低发区域、低经济水平区域、残疾低龄化区域和婚姻挤压区域,其空间分布呈现明显的城乡圈层差异;(3)城乡差异、人口老龄化、婚姻挤压和就业福利等因素,均有助于进一步阐释空间分异的机制.

E-bike, characterized as a low-carbon and health-beneficial active travel mode, is gradually becoming popular in China. Although built environment factors are considered to be key parameters that can facilitate or hinder active transportation, such as cycling or walking, few studies have explored the impact of built environment on e-bikes. To fill this gap, this study was the first to explore the relationship between e-bike usage and built environment factors based on population level travel survey in central Jinan, China. Both macro and micro levels of built environment were measured using multi-source data. We employed ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models to explore the aggregation patterns of e-bike trips. Besides, the local Moran's I was employed to classify the aggregation patterns of e-bike trips into four types. The results from OLS model showed that eye-level greenery, building floor area, road density and public service POI were positive significantly related to e-bike trips, while open sky index and NDVI had negative association with e-bike trips. The usage of GWR model provided more subtle results, which revealed significant spatial heterogeneity on the impacts of different built environment parameters. Road density and public service POI posed positive effects on e-bike travel while NDVI and open sky index were found mainly pose negative impacts on e-bike travel. Moreover, we found similar coefficient distribution patterns of eye-level greenery, building floor area and distance to bus stop. Therefore, tailored planning interventions and policies can be developed to facilitate e-bike travel and promote individual's health level.

在城乡融合发展与乡村振兴战略的背景下,乡村旅游成为推动传统村落转型发展与空间重构的重要路径.以天津蓟州区西井峪村为对象,利用行动者网络理论分析其旅游开发过程中行动者网络形成与转译过程,归纳政府、企业、村民、游客、村落景观、民俗文化等异质行动者在利益赋予、征召动员环节的参与内容与举措,厘清传统村落空间重构的运行机制.提出立足传统村落乡土文化,发挥外部企业的市场化运营优势同时,巩固村庄、村民在开发建设活动中的主体地位与参与程度,是激发乡村永续发展能力的关键.

文化创意产业包含多种类型,空间集聚呈现异质性,成因受多种因素影响.本文以北京市主城区为研究对象,通过数据和量化分析确定了各类文化创意产业空间集聚中心,并揭示了其分异成因,依据成因主导类型的不同将文化创意产业重新分为三类:文化主导类、创意主导类和既有存续类.最后依据集聚规律和差异化发展提出了三个空间优化建议.