Бас редактор ЖҰРЫНОВ Мұрат Жұрынұлы, химия ғылымдарының докторы, профессор, ҚР ҰҒА академигі, Қазақстан Республикасы Ұлттық Ғылым академиясының президенті, АҚ «Д

Purpose. Study on the deep structure of the South Turgay petroleum region to assess the influence of magnetic causative masses on the processes of generation, migration, accumulation and conservation of hydrocarbon (HC) accumulations, taking into account the evolution of rift development modes of the same sedimentary basin. Methodology. The combination of regional magnetometry data is applied with deep drilling data using a priori data on historical-geological, structural-formation, reservoir qualities and other factors. With the complex spatial anisotropy of the geomagnetic field and the distribution of magnetization of rocks in the Earth’s crust, the physical prerequisites of magnetic survey data provide quite correct geological interpretation of the results obtained. Findings. Classification and zoning of geomagnetic field anomalies by their morphology, intensity values, gradient and size was conducted, which made it possible to perform identification and geological forecast of magnetically causative bodies and determine their qualitative (structural) features.Various degrees of magnetization of different-age rocks of the South Torgay Petroleum region, as well as their relative location, structure, and depths of occurrence were established. It was revealed that the sedimentary cover and the upper part of the basement here are composed of low-magnetic and non-magnetic formations, and the upper edges of the magnetically disturbing masses lie at different depths in the consolidated crust, but, in general, deeper than the intervals of the section penetrated by deep drilling. Originality. The genetic, historical, geological, and tectonic-magmatic features of the South Torgay basin differ sharply from those of the adjacent Lower Syrdariya arch and Shu-Sarysu Depression. At the present stage of evolution, South Torgay sedimentary basin has a significant endogenous warming of the lithosphere in contrast to the adjacent Lower Syrdariya arch and Shu-Sarysu depression. To some extent, it indicates the inheritance in the regime of development of the South Turgay sedimentary basin from the Paleozoic and Mesozoic stages of rifting. Practical value. The depth of occurrence of magnetically causative objects significantly expand the stratigraphic interval of sediments that can be involved in the exploration process. The inherited mode of rift evolution of the basin suggests a favorable combination for the formation of a wide range of hydrocarbon traps, oil and gas source rocks, migration pathways, accumulation and preservation of HC accumulations.

Purpose. Identification of the nature of the manifestation of tectonic elements of different ages in Central Kazakhstan in gravitational fields based on the results of the calculation of regional, intra-crustal and local transformants. Methodology. Synthesis and analysis of the data on integrated interpretation and modeling of gravitational, geomagnetic, geothermal fields, the latest movements of the Earth’s crust and parameters of the seismic regime, tectonics and stratigraphy of rocks. Findings. Regional, intra-crustal and local heterogeneities in the lithosphere manifest themselves differently in blocks of Precambrian rocks, Early and Late Caledonides, Early and Late Hercynides. They may be associated with the processes of Paleozoic intracontinental rifting, with the rise of mantle matter and its emplacement into the Earth’s crust, followed by the manifestation of Late Paleozoic orogenesis, doubling of the thickness of the Earth’s crust, outpourings of magmatic formations. Originality. It is established that large gravitational minima are distinguished in areas with Hercynian folding, characterized by abnormally high amplitudes in the movement of the Earth’s crust. In the regions of the Caledonian folding, the values of gravity field anomalies of intermediate intensity and increased amplitudes of the latest movements of the Earth’s crust are manifested. Areas with Pre-Paleozoic folding have relative maxima of gravitational anomalies and minimum values of the latest movements of the Earth’s crust. Earthquake sources are concentrated in the consolidated crust at the junction of areas with different ages of basement consolidation, in gradient zones of geothermal, geomagnetic and gravitational anomalies. According to the variations of the intra-crustal transformant, it was found that a wide range of changes in the values of the gravitational field corresponds to areas with minimal temperature values, whereas in areas with increased temperature values, the range of changes in the values of gravity anomalies is reduced. The distribution of the local transformant of the gravitational field indicates the existence of highly variable anomalies, which reflects the high-frequency gravitational effect of near-surface objects of the Earth’s crust. Practical value. The distribution of inhomogeneities in the lithosphere with various density, geomagnetic and geothermal anomalies of geophysical fields, the nature of the seismic regime and the latest movements of the Earth’s crust predetermined the formation of geostructures with different types of mineralization, each of which is recommended to be searched and explored by a specific rational set of geophysical methods.

The efficiency and quality of drilling and blasting operations in the development of mineral deposits largely depend on the variability of the properties of the rock mass. With a detailed study of various geological objects-mineral deposits or structural elements of the earth's crust of any order, up to a single layer or block, it is possible to create three-dimensional digital models. The article considers the possibility of spatial variability of rock mass properties in Central Kazakhstan by means of mathematical modeling using data from the drilling process control file of the Aquila system of a DH-M drilling rig. To assess the structure and condition of the rock mass, it was constructed two-dimensional sections digital model, which shows the spatial variability of physical and mechanical properties. A pseudolinear approximation between the file vectors is chosen as a method for constructing two-dimensional sections. The application of the mathematical method of pseudo-linear interpolation is shown, which allows with a sufficient degree of reliability to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties (PMP) of the rocks in the inter-well and inter-interval space of the rock mass. Based on the results of the study, the software was developed that provides an operational and effective assessment of the physical and mechanical properties of the rock mass with the visualization of the result. The developed approach and software can be used to improve the efficiency of drilling and blasting operations of existing mining enterprises, as well as in the implementation of scientific and industrial research on mathematical modeling of state of the rock mass.

The article gave a characteristic of used materials; outline of issues of hardware support and methods for mapping the anomalous geomagnetic, gravitational, geothermal fields of various and the interpretation results from the data obtained, the research of linking the observed magnetic fields to separate isolated areas, registered the normal of magnetic field of the Earth. The main regularities of the distribution of the anomalous geomagnetic field (ΔТа) within the Central Kazakhstan, issues of nature of anomalous of the geomagnetic, gravitational, thermal fields in some regions, some large geological structures, of anomalous fields and anomalies. The results of investigations on revealing correlations between anomalous geomagnetic, gravitational, thermal fields and seismicity in the territory of Central Kazakhstan are analyzed.

Abstract The rapidly developing mining industry in the territory of Central Kazakhstan leads to emergence of near the areas of active mining of tangible earthquakes of technogenic genesis, which creates difficulties in their operation. Displays of irreversible changes in the state of rock mass with the development of new structures, active faults. The features of the formation of potentially dangerous areas of the occurrence of seismicity. We have considered one of the major factors the features of modern tectonics and modern geodynamics of ore-industrial facilities in Central Kazakhstan. The shield of the young platform is a wide area protrusion of the basement of the epigercina platform, adjoining mountain-building area in the southeast, and in all other directions sinking under Mesozoic-Cenozoic deposits. Geomorphologically it is a vault, complicated by increases of a higher order with contrastingly expressed tectonic layers. The seismic events were concentrated on the boundaries of the active of passive blocks of the earth’s crust of Neogene-Quaternary tectonic activity of the Kazakh shield. The active impact on the geological environment of industrial explosions will change the geodynamical activity and as consequence occurring technogenic earthquakes in the fields of central Kazakhstan.

In order to obtain some clarity in the matter of assessing the seismic effects from industrial explosions of the state rock massif. Variations of the electrical properties of rock mass before and after explosions were studied by electro tomography. The monitoring studies on the experimental profile selected across the strike one of the regional faults that cut across the career field of the Neryungri was conducted. Observations were made before the explosion, immediately after the explosion, and subsequent observations at intervals of one hour. The electrical resistance increases in the rock mass of tectonic disturbance on the geological structure, which located on the side of the explosion. The electrical resistance decreases in the fault zone, some changes in the electrical resistance of the hanging geological structure. It has been found that the spatial orientation of the fracturing of the rock mass affects the pattern of change in the geoelectric properties of the rock mass. The electrical properties changes in the rock mass from the location of the explosion block in concern to the direction of fracture of the rock mass. In the case when the front of the blast wave propagates along the strike of fractures, the fractures open and the intensity of moisture migration increases significantly, which involve a significant decrease in electrical resistance not only in the zone of tectonic disturbance but also in the underlying geological structure. When the wave front propagates perpendicularly to the stretch of rock mass fractures, cracks also close and moisture migration along the cracks caused by changes in the stress-strain state of the rock mass, is not significant, which is reflected in a slight change in the geoelectric properties of the rock mass in the section of the profile under study.

Abstract Hydrocarbon deposits in the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea are characterized by a considerable variety of traps in a wide stratigraphic range, substantial lateral substitution of lithological and reservoir properties, variation of structural and morphological characteristic, fluid saturation and hydrocarbons phase composition. Exploration and development of these fields are complicated by the fact that they are located in challenging ice conditions zone (in wintertime), in the region with the strictest environmental requirements where LLC "LUKOIL" is the pioneer in offshore projects. To overcome successfully geological, technical and climatic difficulties LLC "LUKOIL – Nizhnevolzhskneft" supported technically by "Schlumberger" applied a number of unique technological solutions concerning drilling muds, stem assemblies, geo-steering and geomechanics, wireline and mud logging, hydraulic fracturing, high-performance drilling bits, as well as intelligent completions, application of up-to-date high-performance tools, advanced software, methods of processing and interpretation of geological and geophysical data. Overview and analyze these solutions is the objective of this article. Availability of theoretical and practical resources while implementing the project, mutually-beneficial cooperation of all interested parties together with innovative decisions supported by corporate management became a key point of success in fulfillment of capital-intensive projects by LLC "LUKOIL Nizhnevolzhskneft" in the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea. It is obvious that there are quite serious reasons for further application of new technologies according to proven algorithm: problem statement-finding solutions – planning- implementation- analysis of obtained results, recommendations working-out, and establishment of close partnership relations between Project operator and multifunctional engineering company. Further improvement of drilling technologies, optimization of hydrocarbon production, provision of the necessary facilities for field development, adaptation of DOF concept, geological monitoring while well drilling, application of new scientifically dereived, technologies and advanced logging tools without chemical sources, drilling mud and bits, using modeling and prediction in real time are considered as prospective conceptual ways. It can be said with confidence that fulfillment of the above mentioned measures and already implemented solutions at the Northern Caspian region will change dramatically approaches to hydrocarbon deposits development, and will help to explore hydrocarbon potential to the full extent in the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea.