The hemodialysis process is essential for patients with chronic kidney disease to maintain their lives. However, this routine and continuous process can cause complications in the body. Patients undergoing hemodialysis experience changes in functional status across physical, psychological, social, and environmental health domains. This study was carried out to determine the effect ESA (Exercise and Self-Affirmation) intervention on the functional status of patients with chronic kidney disease. Previous studies show that physical exercise combined with self-affirmation interventions can improve mood and cognitive function. Self-affirmation has been shown to reduce depression levels, improve sleep quality, enhance social participation, and ultimately improve the quality of life. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group, involving thirty- nine patients in the control group and thirty-nine patients in the intervention group at the hemodialysis unit of PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Functional status was assessed using the SF- 36 questionnaire and analyzed using paired t-tests for paired groups and independent t-tests for unpaired groups. The average SF-36 score before the ESA intervention was 44.53, and the average score after the intervention was 69.37. The t-test results showed a significance value of 0.000 (p<0.05). These results show a significant difference between the pretest and posttest results in the intervention group after the ESA intervention. In conclusion, the ESA intervention can improve the functional status of hemodialysis patients, so that their physical and mental function is better. The ESA intervention positively affects the functional status of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.

Asap rokok menjadi topik yang penting untuk pengabdian masyarakat terutama mereka yang sampai saat ini masih tidak mau meninggalkan kebiasaan merokok. Perlu diperhatikan bahwa asap rokok mengandung beberapa jenis zat kimia terutama karbon monoksida, hidrogen sianida, tar, dan nikotin yang merupakan racun bagi tubuh manusia. Bahkan organisasi kesehatan dunia, WHO juga secara khusus mengingatkan bahaya dari asap rokok. Metode yang dipakai adalah mengutip hasil penelitian terdahulu dan memberikan pembahasan tentang asap rokok yang merugikan kesehatan tubuh kita. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan kebiasaan merokok mengakibatkan kematian akibat munculnya pelbagai penyakit yang disebabkan asap rokok. Masyarakat perlu taat dan mengerti tentang keharusan untuk segera berhenti dari kebiasaan merokok.

This study aims to analyze the problems of nurses in conducting auscultation in the intensive care unit. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. The results of the study found three main themes found in this study, including 1) the time used for auscultation was minimal due to the large number of nurses' tasks to be completed, 2) the stethoscope used should have a clear sound when used, 3) the stethoscope should be more flexible in shape so that it is accessible to in use. In conclusion, the problem nurses face in conducting auscultation examinations on critical patients is the need for a stethoscope that has a more precise sound output and is flexible in its use. Keywords: Auscultation, Intensive Care Unit, Stethoscope

Stroke karena penyumbatan aliran darah otak sehingga terjadi perubahan sistem saraf dengan gejala hemiparase dan hemiplegi.Rehabilitasi stroke dengan terapi terintegrasi, salah satu akupresur.Tujuan penelitian ini mengidentifikasi pengaruh akupresur padapenderita stroke.Metode scoping review melalui tinjauan artikel relevan dengan topik dari database Scopus, EBSCO (CINAHL, MEDLINE), Science Direct dan Proquest, kriteria 10 tahun publikasi 2013-2023, kata kunci Stroke AND Acupressure kemudian dianalisis menggunakan matriks sintesis. Kriteria inklusi artikel berbahasa Inggris dengan desain randomized controlled trial, case study, quasy experimentdanfull text. Hasil review didapatkan 5 artikel yang ditelaah dengan pedoman PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses). Artikel dianalisis dan dikelompokkan dalam matriks tabel.Akupresur dipilih berdasarkan titik akupuntur dan dimodifikasi sesuai pengalaman terapis.Terapi + 20 menit (1-2x/hari), 3-5x/minggu selama 4-8 minggu.Titik ST 36 (Zusanli), LV 3 (Taichong), GB 34 (Yanglinquan) dan UB 60 (Kunlun) meningkatkan fungsi motoric ekstremitas bawah.Titik titik Zusanli (ST36) dan titik Zulinqi (GB41) meningkatkan kekuatan otot, rentang gerak dan kontrol motorik. Titik Yifeng, Lianquan, Tiantu dan Taixi meningkatkan respon menelan. Titik auricular (3 titik) menurunkan kecemasan, depresi dan perbaikan kualitas hidup. Titik Baihui (GV20), Susanli (ST36), Hegu (LI4), Shenmen (HT 7) dan Quchi (LI11) meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan menurunkan kecemasan. Kesimpulan telaah jurnal menunjukkan akupresur memberikan efek perbaikan kondisi fisik dan psikososial stroke.

Background: Many people are exposed to cigarette smoke unintentionally in numerous places worldwide. Cigarette smoke contains carbon monoxide, nicotine, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are toxic and can trigger the production of free radicals in the body.Objective: To study the impact of cigarette-smoke exposure twice daily for 30 days on 4-5 weeks Rattus norvegicus L. without or with a daily intake of the juice or ethanol extract of the red-dragon fruit peels H. costaricensis. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight 4-5 weeks old male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into Control (not exposed to cigarette-smoke), exposed to cigarette-smoke only (Csmoke), exposed to cigarette-smoke and H. Costaricensis-peel juice (JcHc), exposed to cigarette-smoke and had H. Costaricensis-peel extract (ExHc). Cigarette-smoke exposure was given twice daily. The juice (3g/mL) and extract (3.15g/mL) were given for 30 days ad libitum. Feed and drink intake, body weight, and serum biochemistry (MDA, bilirubin, ALT and AST) were determined. Data were analyzed by ANOVA.Results: The positive control group with cigarette-smoke exposure (Csmoke) had a significant elevation in serum malondialdehyde (MDA), alanine-transaminase (ALT), and aspartate-transaminase (AST) and drinking water intake (p<0.05) but reduced feed intake and body weight (p<0.05). The JcHc and ExHc groups had reduced serum MDA, ALT, and AST and higher body weight and feed intake than the Csmoke, and the extract had a better reduction than the juice (p<0.05). Furthermore, the extract had a lower biochemical profile than the Control group (p<0.05).Conclusion: The disturbance in serum MDA, ALT, AST, water and feed intake, and body weight by cigarette smoke was ameliorated by H. costaricensis peel juice or extract daily for 30 days. H. costaricensis peel juice or extract can be used to prevent the adverse effects of cigarette smoke exposure and has the potential to be developed into valuable products.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition in which kidneys don’t function properly resulting in the accumulation of metabolic remnants. Hemodialysis therapy causes common psychological disorders, is anxiety due to changes in health status, self-acceptance, life threats, stress, and depression. Natural Restorative Environment (NRE) is an intervention that can use to reduce anxiety in patients. This study aimed to analyze the effect Natural Restorative Environment on anxiety in CKD patients on hemodialysis. The method in this research was a quasi-experiment with a pretest-posttest with a control group design. The sampling technique was carried out using cross-sectional sampling, namely 48 patients each with an intervention group and control group. Before and after the intervention, patients in the intervention group and the control group pre-test and post-test about the level of anxiety during hemodialysis therapy. Data analysis used Paired t-test, Wilcoxon-test, and Mann-Whitney U-test. The results showed a decrease in anxiety levels intervention group indicated by a p-value<0.001. Natural Restorative Environment (NRE) can be reducing anxiety in patients with CKD on hemodialysis Keywords: Anxiety; Chronic Kidneys Disease; Natural Restorative Environment

Background: A stethoscope is an acoustic medical device commonly utilized for listening to internal sounds in the human body. Since its invention, the stethoscope has undergone several transformative improvements, including the introduction of electronic systems in the last two decades. Through the Center of Excellence in the Higher Education of Science and Technology (PUI-PT), Center for Bio Mechanics, Bio Material, Bio Mechatronics, and Bio Signal Processing (CBIOM3S), the Diponegoro University has developed a wireless stethoscope to enable the user to examine the patients quickly without being constrained by tubing, unlike the manual stethoscope. The wireless stethoscope supports health workers in performing their work. This new technology creates various perceptions from its users, one of whom is nurses. Objectives: This study aims to provide an overview of nurses' perceptions regarding the usefulness and ease of use of a wireless stethoscope to perform auscultation of the heart and lungs of critically ill patients. Methods: The research method employed was a pilot study, and 40 nurses working in the critical care units, including the Intensive Care Unit, High Care Unit, and Stroke Unit in a private hospital in Palembang City, were chosen as respondents for a total sampling technique. Results: Nurses' perceptions of the ease and usefulness of a wireless stethoscope were measured using the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use questionnaires. The nurses' perception of the use of wireless stethoscopes exhibited a mean score of 4.27, while the nurses' perception of the ease of use of wireless stethoscopes showed a mean score of 4.35. Those results indicate that nurses in the critical care units accepted wireless stethoscopes in terms of ease of use and usefulness as a device for performing auscultation of the heart and lungs of critically ill patients. Conclusions: Nurses get new technology like a wireless stethoscope because it can work more quickly and is easy to use thereby assisting nurses in conducting cardiac and pulmonary auscultation in critical patients.

Background:Examining the heart and lungs is necessary for critically ill patients, as these individuals may have abnormalities with either or both of these organs. This review systematically determined how the auscultation of the heart and lungs using a wireless stethoscope affected the results. Methods: The research design used was a systematic review following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Databases were searched using the search terms “auscultation," "critical patients," and "stethoscope wireless” and associated MeSH terms. The abstracts of the selected articles were examined independently by two researchers. A systematic search was conducted through several databases (Scopus, PubMed, JSTOR, and Springer-link), which were published from July 2012 to July 2022 .After reading the full content of the included studies, key themes and concepts were extracted and synthesized. Results: In total 142 articles were screened. Five articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. The analysis revealed that wireless stethoscopes have increased sensitivity with indicators capable of diagnosing abnormal auscultation results in patients who have abnormal aucultation results on the gold standard. Three out of five studies suggested that the auscultation of the heart and lungs by wireless stethoscopes are more sensitive, while two other studies stated that wireless stethoscopes have the same sensitivity as manual acoustic stethoscopes. Conclusion: Based on this systematic review, a wireless stethoscope may be more sensitive than an acoustic one. Nevertheless, due to limited studies, a more well-controlled human study is warranted to be done.

Background: Mobile-health assists health workers in monitoring and observing patient compliance behavior during TB treatment. Objectives: The purpose of this review is to identify the use of mobile-health interventions in improving medication compliance behavior in tuberculosis patients. Design: This research was conducted by following the scoping framework. Data Sources: This study was conducted following a scoping review framework. This research literature search relied on data from PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. Using the keywords “mobile application”, “Directly-Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS)”, “medication adherence”, “tuberculosis patients”, and “mobile-health”. This scoping review uses data from 10 articles published between 2010-2019. Utilization of Mobile-Health in improving drug adherence of TB patients. Review Methods: The particle screening method was used for the review and was guided by the PRISMA diagram. As well as an analysis of the articles reviewed. Results: The m-health intervention has a positive impact on TB treatment. The benefits of m-health are increasing patient knowledge, providing social support, providing motivational support and increasing patient compliance behavior during treatment. The m-health application contains features such as short message service (SMS), video, telephone, and picture messages. Conclusion: Mobile-health interventions can be applied independently with counseling, motivation and health education in improving medication compliance behavior. The advantages of mobile-health are that patients become more open, it saves time and distance, and also it strengthens communication between nurses and patients.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to identify the value of fall risk assessment using Morse fall scale and STRATIFY fall scale, to identify the sensitivity and specificity of Morse fall scale and STRATIFY. Design of this research is a analytic descriptive cross-sectional. Sampling technique used consecutive sampling with the total sample 100 respondent. The analysis used to determine sensitivity and specificity was 2x2 table. The results showed value of Morse fall risk scale using cut off point 45 were 51% high fall risk, 35% moderate fall risk, and 14% low fall risk. The value of STRATIFY’S fall risk scale were 18% high fall risk, 46% moderate fall risk, and 36% low fall risk. Using cut off point 45 on Morse Fall Scale, it’s sensitivity was 80% and it’s specificity was 56,3%. The sensitivity of STRATIFY was 31% and specificity was 91,8%. Conclusion: Morse Fall Scale more sensitive than STRATIFY, however specificity of STRATIFY higher than specificity of Morse Fall Scale.

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses should have resilience or durability can respond to complex and depressing situations. Objectives: To sum up nurses’ resilience during COVID-19. Methods: This article was written by applying scoping review method. Articles were accessed from science direct, Clinical Key, JStore, EBSCO, and Springer Link databases from March to October 2020. The keywords used were Resilience AND Nurse AND COVID-19 Pandemic. Finding: There were some findings related to nurses’ resilience, such as 1) negative resilience, 2) nurses’ resilience signs and symptoms such as anxiety, stress, and depression 3) contributing factors such as education, mental health training, adequate knowledge source, confidence in work accomplishment, active and passive coping. Conclusion: Most nurses experience negative resilience with signs and symptoms that lead to stress, depression, anxiety, and fear of some situations, such as the limited personal precaution equipment, the risk of being infected, and the fear of spreading the virus to family and colleagues. Recommendation: Nurses must immediately come up from stress to perform better healthcare for the patients by implementing strategies such as asking for social support from the closest people for further study.

Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels increases in burn tissue damage. Several bioactive compounds found in Ashitaba, are expected to reduce serum ALP levels and enhance the process of wound healing. This study aims to prove that administration of oral Ashitaba extract can reduce serum ALP levels in rats exposed to burn trauma. This study uses true experimental post-test control group design with a total of 20 Sprague dawley rats as samples. All samples were inflicted with 2nd degree burn wound and divided into 2 groups, treatment group (Ashitaba extract 300 mg/KgBW) and control group. Blood serum were analyzed for ALP levels on the 2nd, 8th and 14th days. Kinetic-IFCC method was used to find serum ALP levels. Data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney Test, paired T-test amd independence T-test. Scalded wound size was measured macroscopically over the course of 21 days to find contracture rate. In conclusion, Ashitaba extract is not proven to significantly reduce the serum ALP levels, increase contracture rate and enhance burn wound healing process. However, there was slight increase in contracture rate in treatment group as compared to control group. In addition, there was a lower ALP levels in treatment group as compared to control group in day 8.

Introduction: Electric mosquito repellent which contains d-allethrin producing free radicals, affects the quality of sperm motility and morphology. Antioxidants contained in coffee can counteract the free radicals in the body. Objective: To evaluate the effect of coffee on sperm motility and morphology of BALB/c mice exposed to electric mosquito repellent. Methods: In this experimental study was conducted with post-test only control group design, 24 BALB/c mice randomized into 4 groups. The negative control group was a group without treatment. The positive control group was exposed to electric mosquito repellent. Group P1 and P2 were exposed to electric mosquito and given the coffee solutions with the doses respectively 52 mg/0.5 mL and 78 mg/0.5 mL. The treatment was given for 35 days. On the 36th day, all mice were terminated and their sperm motility and morphology were examined. The data were then analyzed with the non-parametric test of Kruskal-Wallis. Differences were considered significant when the value of p<0.05 with confidence interval 95%. Results: The result of pairwise comparison test progressive sperm motility shows that there was a significant difference between positive control group with P2 group (p=0.006), positive control group with negative control group (p<0.001), and P1 group with negative control group (p=0.004). The result of Kruskal-Wallis test for sperm morphology shows that there was no significant difference between those four groups (p=0.885). Conclusion: Coffee can significantly increase the sperm motility but didn’t significantly increase the normal sperm morphology percentage of BALB/c mice exposed by electric mosquito repellent.

Background: Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) are increased in tissue damage. Ashitaba contains many compounds that can reduce serum SGOT and SGPT levels. Objective: This study was proposed to prove that giving Ashitaba extract could reduce serum SGOT and SGPT levels in rats exposed to burn injury. Methods: This study used a posttest only control group design with 20 rats as samples. All research samples were treated with second-degree burns and were divided into 2 different groups, the treatment group (given Ashitaba extract 300 mg /kg BW) and the control group. The blood serum was analyzed for SGOT and SGPT test on the 2nd, 8th, and 14th days. For statistical analysis, the Wilcoxon test used to analyze the levels of serum SGOT and SGPT. Results: There was no significant difference in serum SGOT and SGPT levels between the control and treatment groups on the 2nd, 8th, and 14th days Conclusion: Ashitaba extract could not reduce serum SGOT and SGPT levels in rats exposed to burn injury.

Elimination of L. monocytogenes in spleen and liver were dependent on CD4 and CD8 T cells. Since previous studies had shown that green tea extract (GTE) stimulated the production of IL-12, IFN-g, and TNF-a, this recent study was aimed to prove that GTE could induce lymphocyte proliferation. Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 11 groups, each group consisted of 5 mice. Group I, the mice were not given green tea nor bacteria. Group II, the mice were not given tea but they were inoculated with L. monocytogenes. Group III to V, the mice were treated with green tea polyphenon-60 in different doses (1.5, 3, and 6 mg/day). Group VI to VIII, the mice were treated with EGCG (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/day). Group IX to XI, the mice were treated with EGC (0.15, 0.3, and 0.6 mg/day). The mice in group III to XI were treated with those GTE orally for 14 days. They were inoculated with 104 L. monocytogenes intra peritoneally on the 10th day. All the mice were sacrificed on day 15 to examine the number of lymphoblasts in spleens. The results revealed that the number of lymphoblasts increased in all groups of mice treated with green tea polyphenon-60, EGCG, and EGC. Green tea polyphenon-60 had the highest effect to increase the number of lymphoblasts in mice inoculated with L. monocytogenes. It was concluded that green tea extracts could induce lymphocyte proliferation.

ABSTRACTBackground: Diabetes mellitus is a disease that is included in the group of metabolic diseases, characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs due to abnormal insulin secretion. Generally, treatment of diabetes mellitus uses insulin injection and Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs (OHD). In addition there are also animals are trusted by public in healing diabetes mellitus. Antlions (Myrmeleon sp) is a useful animal to treat diabetes mellitus. The body of antlions contains sulfonylureas which is a substance that stimulates insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. Aim: The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of antlions extract on blood glucose level of male swiss mice induced by streptozotocin Methods: This research was a pure experimental laboratory study and the design used is the Pre Test and Post Test Control Group Design, which is done by comparing the results of observations in the control and treatment groups after the action was done. Sampling was done using the simple random sampling technique. The sample size used in this study amounted to 30 mice. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA test with a confidence level of 95%. Results: The administration of antlions extract could lower (p<0.05) blood glucose levels in male Swiss mice after 28 days of treatment. The administration of antlions extract with doses of 14 mg/kgBW and 56 mg/kgBW significantly lowered blood glucose levels in male Swiss mice as evidenced by p=<0.001 and p=0.034. Whereas the administration of antlions extract with a dose of 28 mg/kgBW was less significant in lowering blood glucose levels in male Swiss mice (p=0.210). Conclusion: The administration of antlions extract (Myrmeleon sp.) with a dose of 14 mg/kgBW had the best effect on lowering blood glucose levels in male Swiss mice after 28 days of treatment. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, blood glucose, antlions

Laparatomy is surgery of the abdomen to open the lining of the abdomen. The treatment reduces complications due to surgery, accelerates healing and restores the patient's function to the maximum extent possible before surgery. Returns physical function immediately after surgery with early mobilization. The purpose of this study was to look at the effect of early mobilization on wound healing and increased patient activity postoperatively in laparotomy. This type of research is quantitative with quasy eksperiment with control gruop designs. The number of samples was 88 Laparatomi patients, taken using purposive sampling technique. Tool of data using observation sheets. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and Wilcoxon test. The results of the study stated that there were significant differences between the control group and the intervention group on wound healing (p= 0.047) and on increased activity (p= 0.005). The results of the study it can be concluded that there is an influence of early mobilization on wound healing and increased patient activity. The results of this study recommend early mobilization using progressive mobility procedures in accordance with client activity intolerance

Background: During inflammatory phase of the burn healing process, the number of plasma MDA levels tend to increase, which may cause damage towards cells and thus delay the resolution of burn wounds. Some research has been done in order to find alternative treatment for burn wound, including the application of antioxidant. Jengkol contains many antioxidant compounds which are expected to reduce plasma MDA levels, so it can accelerate the healing of burn wound. Aim: To prove that administration of jengkol extract can reduce plasma MDA level in Sprague dawley rats which were been given burn wound. Method: This experiment was using pre and post-test control group design, with 20 Sprague dawley rats as samples. All of the samples were given deep second degree burn wound which were then divided equally into 2 groups, treatment group (given jengkol extract 500 mg/KgBW) and control group (not given anything). Plasma MDA levels were then analyzed by using TBARS method. Data was analyzed using paired T-test, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, and independence T-test.­ Result: There is no significant difference between the mean of plasma MDA levels in pre and post-test of either control group (p=0.771) or in the treatment group (p=1.00). Using Mann-Whitney test, there isn’t any significant difference in the pre-test between control and treatment group (p=0.677) or in the post-test between control and treatment group (p=0.916) by using independence T-test. Conclusion: Jengkol extract cannot reduce plasma MDA levels of Sprague dawley rats which were given burn wound.

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis require essential self-management to lifestyle changes to minimize the risk of complications, morbidity, and mortality. Efforts made to improve self-management of hemodialysis patients in previous studies were carried out by health workers that may not provide 'real' knowledge, while peer support programs carried out by patients as peers to share their experiences may provide more benefits.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of peer support programs on improving self-management in patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis.Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design and involved a total of 33 patients in the control group and 32 patients in the intervention group, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The samples were recruited consecutively. The intervention of peer support programs was implemented through information support, emotional support, and mutual reciprocity in groups of 10-12 people to share experiences related to their self-management. The intervention was given for six sessions; each lasted for 30-45 minutes. The data were collected using the Indonesian version of the hemodialysis self-management instrument (HDSMI) and analyzed using a paired-sample t-test and independent-sample t-test.Results: The results showed that after the intervention, the mean score of self-management in the intervention group increased from 79.47±7.919 to 90.75±7.089, and in the control group, the mean increased from 81.88±8.291 to 82.12±7.692. After the implementation of peer support programs, there was a significant difference in the score of self-management between the intervention and control groups (p<0.001).Conclusion: Peer support programs gave an effect on increasing self-management in patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis. Peer support programs should be introduced early to ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis so that they can learn about self-management from other patients.