The current study was conducted with the aim to evaluate Ivy leaf extract to authenticate the quality of extract. Evaluation was conducted on different physicochemical factors of extract that include physical appearance, organoleptic properties and solubility. Loss on drying, microbial analysis and heavy metal analysis was also carried out to execute the safety of extract. High performance liquid chromatography was executed to evaluate the presence of Hederacoside C in Ivy leaf extract employing phosphoric acid 85 %, acetonitrile, water (2:140:860 v/v/v) as a mobile phase. Extract exhibited greenish brown color, distinctive odor and sweet taste. An Ivy extract was found in agreement of the allowable microbial limit as well as with the heavy metal contents limit. The presence of Hederacoside C in Ivy leaf extract was confirmed by HPLC. The current evaluation reveals conformity with all the analytical procedures. Hence Ivy leaf extract is well standardized formulation at the base line consideration.

Background: Chlorpheniramine maleate (CM) is used to treat sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose. It is an antihistamine drug. In combination with an analgesic paracetamol (PM) and a decongestant phenylephrine hydrochloride (PH) is commonly sold to treat cough and cold. The aim of study is to develop simple and less time consuming RP-HPLC method was determination for these three drugs in tablet dosage form. Methodology: The parting of these drugs was carried out using phenomenexluna 5µ CN 100A (250×4.6mm×5µ) analytical column using phosphate buffer (pH 6.2): Acetonitrile (70:30 v/v) mobile phase. The elution rate was set at 1 ml/min and 45OC is the column temperature. The UV detector set at 215nm. Results All three drugs were separated effectively, 2.43 min is the retention time of CM, 3.75 for PM and 7.84 min for PH at 215 nm. 0.999, 0.998 and 0.999 is the correlation coefficient for CM, PM and PH respectively. The relative standard deviation was found to be below 2% for six replicates. The method parameters were validated according to ICH guidelines. Conclusion: it is concluded that the proposed method can be effectively applicable to the pharmaceutical dosage forms having these drugs in combination without any interference of excipients.

Background: The Herb Tanacetum parthenium (feverfew) commercially used for the treatment of migrainedue to the presence of parthenolide. It contains sesquiterpene lactone which is the main active compound of this plant. Since ancient times, the herb has been known for asthma, rheumatism and mainly for migraine with anti-inflammatory effects. Methodology:In this study, oral dispersible tablets consisting ofTanacetum parthenium and vitamin B2 were prepared by direct compression method. Anhydrous dextrose, Rasberry flavor, Aerosil 200, Magnesuim sterate and Stevia and Sucralose were used as excipients. Samples were analysed by using RP18 column (150 x 4.6 mm id, 5 micron particle size) and having Mixture of Acetonitrile with water 55:45 as a mobile phase. Flow rate were 1.0 ml/min and volume of injection were 20µL on 210 Wavelength. Results:The prepared batches of tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability.Quantitative determination was evaluated via an HPLC method for standard verses tablets. Parthenolide was found 0.365 mg/tablet via an HPLC method. The results confirmed the authenticity of the manufactured tablet with the labelled indication. Conclusion: The active biomarker Parthenolide has quantify with the help of peak by HPLC and authenticate the presence of active in the dispersible oral tablets as compare to the standard.

Objective: Benign Prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is hyperplasia of prostate gland and age related diseases in men. 20%-60% men have BPH with the age of 40 to 60 years. The cause is not very well researched however the pharmacological and surgical current treatments have numerous toxic effects on quality of life. Natural medicines are known for its safety as compare to pharmacological choice of medicines. By considering this fact, current experimental study was established to compare and assess the acute oral toxicity of the Verona Anti-PBH with Verona Max in NMRI strain of mice on animal model. Methodology: NMRI mice were obtained for experimental purpose from animal house facility of Herbion Pvt. Ltd. Constant environmental conditions were 25 ± 1 °C with R.H 52 - 61% with 12 hours dark and light cycle. As per desire, food and water were available. Animals were divided into three different groups including two treatment and control group. Treatment group including Verona Anti-BPH and Verona Max however control group were on water. Animal’s age were 6-8 weeks and average body weight were 25-35 g however cage cards were used for identifications between the groups. Mice were treated orally using gastric gavage with doses (1 or 5g/kg) of test product for 14 days and observed daily. Results: The Verona anti-BPH and Verona Max did not cause any sign of ill health and acute toxicity in mice at the given doses of 1 or 5 g/kg. No hair loss, color loss, heart rate (chest expansion and retraction), writhing, stretching and fecal abnormality was observed. No remarkable change in the behavior and no mortality was observed. Conclusion: The present study evaluated that Verona anti-BPH and Verona Max extract is potentially safe and no acute oral toxicity has found.

Background: Linkus syrup has been used to maintain healthy respiratory system and soothes throat, exert potent anti-tussive, expectorant and decongestant actions. Different clinical trials on Linkus have been conducted in hospitals to assess the efficacy and safety among adult and children. Material and Methods: The size of the patients administered Linkus, in these studies are 80 in number. In some clinical trials conducted Linkus was naive as the drug evaluated where as in others Linkus as test herbal drug was compared with allopathic drugs. Physical Examination: stethoscope observation for wheezing (a whistling or squeaky sound when you breathe) or other abnormal sounds. Diagnostic Tests: exam of the mucus of nose or throat for bacterial infection. Results: In all children Linkus was given as a test and the (Mucaltin) control group, there was a significant improvement from the day before treatment to the day of treatment. However, the improvement was greater in the test (Linkus) groups for all the main outcome measures. Over all biochemical parameters of blood test dynamics in test and control groups on the background of Linkus syrup 90 ml administrations. Conclusion: The participating physicians rated the Linkus products higher than the control drug for symptomatic relief of their children cough and overcome the difficulty due to upper respiratory tract infection (URI). Linkus may be a preferable treatment for cough and sleep difficulty associated with childhood URI.

Background:Bonjigar is an herbal oralpreprationhaving multiple ingridents with the effect of liver protection including. Glycyrrhiza glabra, Eclipta elba, Tamrix gallica, Sliymum marianum, Sphaeranthus indicus, Boerhaavia diffusa and Cichorium intybus. They have hepatoprotective,anti inflammatory, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic and antipyreticetc activities which could be used as a potential source of bioactive substances. Objectives:The objective of the study is to standardize Bonjigar using flavones, tannins and sapogenin as chemical markers with the aid of spectroscopy. Methodology: Quantitative determination of flavones, sapogenins and phenolic compounds was evaluated at 360nm, 430nm and 277nm. Sample was prepared for the quantitative determination of each marker and was determined with a spectrophotometer. Result:Evidently found that Bonjigar individually consist of flavanoids, tannins and sapogenins. Total flavanoids as rutin, tannins as gallic acid and total sapogenins as diosgenin were found to be 0.564 mg/gm, 14.30 mg/gm and 2.839 mg/gm respectively

Objective:The current study was conducted to evaluate quantitative estimation of the biomarkers gallic acid and Vitamin D3 present in Vivabon-D3 syrup Backgrounds:Vivabon-Vitamin D3 is a poly herbal syrup formulation for the promotion and growth of childrens. Vivabon comprises of Phoenix sylvestris, Phyllanthus emblica (synonym Emblica officinalis), Centella asiatica, Withania somnifera, Salvia haematodes, Centaurea behen, Zingiber officinalis, Trigonella foenum-greacum, Piper longum, Ammomum subulatum. Methods:The present work has been carried out on polyherbal formulation for the quantitative determination of Vitamin D3 and gallic acid as markers. Results:. Quantitative analysis of gallic acid was conducted; using silica gel 60 F254 coated plates as a stationary phase to augment the identification and determination of gallic acid components. Conclusion: A rapid method for the quantitation of Vitamin D3 present in the Vivabon Vitamin D3syrup has been developed and validated in terms of linearity, precision, repeatability, limit of detection, limit of quantification and accuracy. The study result revealed that vivabon-D3syrup formulation was well standardized for routine quality control procedure.

Objective: The development of modern dosage form such as lozenges associated with an extended period of local remedy with beneficial therapeutic effect was the objective of this study. The polyherbal extract based lozenges include Viola odorata L, Cordialatifolia L, Menthapiperita L., Adhatodavasica, Glycyrrhizaglabra, Piper longum, Hyssopusofficinalis, Alpiniagalangal which is envisioned for cough and sore throat. Method The preparation of extract, manufacturing of lozenges batch, processing technique with extract based herbal formulation and expansion for analytical standardization including qualitative and quantitative determinations were carried out. Result Vasicine was analysed qualitative and quantified through HPTLC and quantitative analysis of flavonoids by UV visible spectrophotometry, which was not less than 0.02 mg per lozenges and 0.080 mg respectively. Conclusion Current trend of herbal market and the visible financial growth with evident therapeutic graph has proven its effectiveness. Minimum side effects make the herbal and alternative medication more attractive for the end users. This poly herbal extract based lozenges have proven the quality by both protocols including qualitatively via organoleptic attributes and quantitatively by HPTLC and spectrophotometry.

Background:Despite of great improvements and advancements in the amenities of life, alternative medicine’s trends is increasing day by day. It is obvious that all plants are significantly potent as well as effective without side effects; it is therefore the designed formulation are authenticate and applied for the indication of acute respiratory illness accompanied by cough, rhinitis, muscle aches, as well as accumulation of thick sputum in chest (during bronchitis, tracheitis, and pneumonia). Methodology:By using essential oils like menthol, eucalyptus oil, camphor, turpentine oil and clove oil three different formulation has developed i.e. classic, all natural or kids. Medicinal plants have been reported in the literature as having good and effective in cough associated with flu, runny and stiff nose, muscles aches etc. Various formulation batches were prepared and evaluated for various parameters like color, appearance, weight, pH, assay identification and microbiological activity. Result: It is a stupendous effort to design and development of all natural balm having natural sources including excipients which was free from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.

Ambroxol HCl is an active compound that improve the exploration and a mucolytic activity for the treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis.A method is delineate ambroxol, trans-4-(2-amino-3,5-dibromobenzylamino) cyclohexanol, hydrochloride, methyl and propyl parabeneseparation by HPLC, with UV detection at 247 nm in a syrup as pharmaceutical presentation. The optimal conditions maintained were column symmetry shield RPC8, 5 microm 250 x 4.6 mm, and methanol/H3PO4 8.5 mM/triethylamine pH=2.8) 40:60 v/v. The validation was carried out using ICH guildlines. HPLC assay method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity and robustness. The developed and validated method can be used extensively for quality control and assurance purposes of Ambroxol hydrochloride and Parabenes.

Simple, precise, cost-effective and accurate high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of vinpocetine in API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) and Intellan Capsule formulation has been developed and validated. Chromatography was carried out at ambient temperature on a prepacked Purospher Star, (5 mm, 250 x 4.6 mm) and Hibar 250- 4.6 columns with the isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile: Ammonium acetate (55:45 v/v) adjusting pH to 2.8. The UV detection was carried at 280 nm. The results obtained showed good agreement with the declared contents. Vinpocetine detected in less than 25 mins with good resolution and minimal tailing and without interference of excepients. The method was linear in the range of 5–100 μgmL-1 with a correlation co-efficient 0.999 (inter and intraday CV​

Rapid and simple high-performance TLC methods were developed for the quantitative estimation of Gallic acid, Catechin and Chlorogenic acid as active principals or marker constituents of poly herbal formulated Evica capsule. Identification and quantification were performed on 20 cm × 10 cm, layer thickness 0.2 mm, aluminum- backed silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates previously washed with methanol. Toluene-ethyl acetate-formic acid (5: 4: 1 v/v) used as a mobile phase for Gallic acid, toluene-ethyl acetate-formic acid- methanol (6: 3: 1.6: 0.4 v/v) used as a mobile phase for Catechin, and ethyl acetate-formic acid- acetic acid- water (10: 1.1: 1.1: 2.6 v/v) for Chlorogenic acid. The spots were scanned at λ = 273, 254 and 366 nm for Gallic acid, Catechin and Chlorogenic acid respectively. The suitability of this HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation of the marker constituents were proved by validation in accordance with ICH Guidelines. Determination of methods accuracy by the standard addition method at three concentration levels returned a mean recovery of 98.01 ± 0.16, 98.7 ± 0.24 and 97.5 ± 0.3 for gallic acid, catechin, and chlorogenic acid. The developed method has the advantage of being rapid and easy. Hence it can be applied for routine quality control analysis of these molecules in a poly-herbal formulation.

Summary The technological improvement in the structural elucidation of natural compounds has made it probable to generate appropriate strategies for the analysis and standardization of plant-based medicines. An appliance of highly oriented hyphenated techniques provides a definite tool for herbal investigations. Therefore, the present study was directed towards the standardization of biomarkers gallic acid and berberine in polyherbal formulation Entoban capsules to ensure the quality of the herbal drugs. A rapid, simple, accurate, and specific high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the quantitative estimation of biomarkers berberine and gallic acid has been developed. HPTLC was performed to evaluate the presence of gallic acid and berberine applying toulene—ethyl acetate—formic acid—methanol (12:9:4:0.5 v/v ) and ethanol—water—formic acid (90:9:1 v/v ), as the mobile phase, respectively. The R F values (0.58 for gallic acid and 0.76 for berberine) in both sample and reference standard were found comparable under ultraviolet (UV) light at 273 nm and 366 nm, respectively. The method developed resulted in good-quality peak shape and enabled high-quality resolution of biomarkers. The present standardization undertaken reveals compliance with the analytical procedure; therefore, it is concluded that Entoban capsule is a well-standardized product. Standardization falls under the specific guidelines of quality herbal medicine following the prerequisite for global harmonization.

The global dilemma of antimicrobial resistance is predominantly pressing in developing countries, where the infectious disease burden is high and cost constraints put off the appliance of expensive agents. Although there are splendid advancements in modern medicine, yet traditional medicine has always been accomplished for treating infections of gastrointestinal tract. A polyherbal formulation Entoban integrates an outstanding combination of Holarrhena antidysenterica, Berberis aristata, Symplocos racemosa, Querecus infectoria and Helicteres isora used for the treatment of acute gastrointestinal infections. Therefore the present study was directed to evaluate the invitro antimicrobial activity of polyherbal formulation against microorganism frequently involved in gastrointestinal infections. An antimicrobial activity was evaluated against five gram negative bacterial cultures namely Salmonella enteric, Eschericia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholera and one gram positive bacterial culture Staphylococcus aureus by agar well diffusion method. The prepared syrup inhibited the growth of these organisms. Our findings suggest that, prepared polyherbal formulation have great potential against pathogenic microbes and can be used as antimicrobial agent for treatment of various infectious diseases of gastrointestinal tract.

The technological advancements in the processes of isolation, purification and structural elucidation of natural compounds have made it probable to generate appropriate strategies for the analysis of quality and the standardization of plant based medicines. The current study was conducted to evaluate the biomarker s-sitosterol in seeds and fruits of Saw palmetto by HPTLC. Quantitative analysis of s-sitosterol was conducted; using silica gel 60 F254 coated plates as a stationary phase to augment the identification and determination of s-sitosterol component by using petroleum ether and ethyl acetate 8:2 (v/v) as a solvent system. The Rf value (0.58) of s-sitosterol in reference standard and both fruits and seeds was found comparable under UV light at 450 nm. An accurate, rapid and simple HPTLC method for quantitative estimation of biomarker s-sitosterol in fruits and seeds of plant Saw palmetto has been developed. The present standardization provides a specific and rapid tool in the herbal research, permitting to set quality specifications for identity, transparency and reproducibility of biomarker s-sitosterol.

Phytochemical investigation of the endophytic fungus Microdiplodia sp. afforded a new m-anisaldehyde derivative named microdiplanol (1) and a new 24-methylcholestanol derivative named microdiplane (2). Their structures were confirmed by a comprehensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectrometric data.

Introduction: An Insty Granule is a polyherbal formulation, and it is widely used to treat upper respiratory tract infections. It contains expectorant, anti-inflammatory, mucolytic and antipyretic properties. The major active constituents are vasicine, gallic acid, caffeine and glycyrrhizin. Insty a poly herbal formulation of eight herbs were investigated for its phytochemical evaluation. Biomarkers of about four herbs both qualitatively and quantitatively were investigated. Methods: The solvent systems used were ethyl acetate: chloroform: ethanol: ammonia (6: 3: 1: 1) for vasicin, ethyl acetate: chloroform: formic acid (12: 15: 3) for gallic acid, ethyl acetate: methanol: water (100: 13.5: 10) for caffeine, and methanol: water: acetic acid (70: 30: 0.5) for glycyrrhizin. Results: The methods showed a good linear relationship (r(2) = 0.999) in the concentration range 25-1500 ng per spot. It was found to be linear, accurate, precise, specific, robust and can be applied for quality control and standardization. Conclusion: In present study rapid and inexpensive qualification methods for the quality control of Adhatoda vasica L. Glycyrrhiza glabbra L., Phyllanthus embelica L. and Camellia sinensis L. on thin layer chromatography (TLC) were developed and validated on silica gel. HPTLC is most suitable technique because of quantification of number of samples at low operating cost, easy sample preparation, short analysis time and analytical assurance.

Different pharmaceutical companies in Pakistan have started production of high quality Ivy natural medicines for the cure of cough. Three different brands of Ivy syrup were evaluated for Hederacosides C biomarker with high-performance liquid chromatographic method coupled with a photodiode array detector. Good linear relation was observed through regression analysis (correlation coefficient 0.9994) between peak concentration the peak area. and limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) were 0.011 and 0.032 mg/mL, respectively, and percentage recovery was in the range of 99.69% to 100.90% (RSD < 2%)

Objective: To explore the quantitative estimation of biomarkers gallic acid and berberine in polyherbal formulation Entoban syrup. Methods: High performance thin layer chromatography was performed to evaluate the presence of gallic acid and berberine employing toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid: methanol 12:9:4:0.5 (v/v/v/v) and ethanol: water: formic acid 90:9:1 (v/v/v), as a mobile phase respectively. Results: The Rf values (0.58) for gallic acid and (0.76) for berberine in both sample and reference standard were found comparable under UV light at 273 nm and 366 nm respectively. The high performance thin layer chromatography method developed for quantization was simple, accurate and specific. Conclusions: The present standardization provides specific and accurate tool to develop qualifications for identity, transparency and reproducibility of biomarkers in Entoban syrup.