Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of interventions based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Health Promotion Model on the level of fear, anxiety, and depression related to COVID-19 among nurses and porters during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: This study was conducted as a quasi-experimental study at a tertiary care pandemic hospital. Various interventions based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Health Promotion Model were planned (education, personnel protective equipment support ... etc.) during the pandemic to decrease anxiety, depression, and fear of COVID-19. All nurses and porters were invited to the study via e-mail during the COVID-19 pandemic (n=716). The effectiveness of these interventions was assessed using the

AIM: This study aims to determine the health needs and access to health services among Syrian refugees. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out between March and September 2022 in a public setting that provides humanitarian aid in Istanbul Province. The sample included 150 participants who met the inclusion criteria. The data were collected through 20-30 -minute face-toface interviews using the Omaha System Problem Classification Scheme and the sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire. All data were transferred to IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics software, version 28.0, for analysis. Descriptive statistics and chi-square significance tests were performed. RESULTS: The result of the analysis revealed that the health problems of Syrian refugees were mostly related to the physiological domain (13/39.3%), followed by the psychosocial domain (9/27.2%), health-related behaviors domain (7/21.2%), and environmental domain (4/12.1%). CONCLUSION: This study highlighted the fact that refugees continue to be vulnerable to social determinants of health. In this context, it is recommended to develop new policies to reduce poverty, increase access to health and other public services, and empower refugees.

Objective:Vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers (HCWs) represents a significant challenge and threat in pandemics. This study aims to identify the predictive factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among HCWs and offer strategies to increase the COVID-19 vaccination rate in healthcare settings. Materials and Methods:This study constitutes the qualitative portion (second part) of a mixed-methods doctoral thesis employing an explanatory design. It was conducted in two distinct pandemic hospitals and involved 23 vaccine-hesitant HCWs. To conduct the interviews, the researchers developed a semi-structured interview form based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). Results:Upon analyzing the in-depth interviews, we identified six primary reasons for vaccine hesitancy and four different sub-reasons that reinforce vaccine hesitancy. We also collected four key suggestions from vaccine-hesitant HCWs that could potentially persuade them to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion:This study's findings, which encompass the identification of reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, clarification of underlying factors contributing to hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccines, and gathering suggestions from HCWs on how to persuade them to get vaccinated, hold significant value for guiding vaccination campaigns during potential future pandemics.

Objective: This study's objective was to examine the opinions and concerns expressed by nurses on social media platforms to gain a better understanding and illustrate the 2-year pandemic era. Methods: In this study, tweets posted by nurses between 11 March 2020 and 11 March 2022 were retrieved using Mozdeh software. The data were analysed by content analysis method and the experiences of nurses during the pandemic period were examined. MAXQDA 2022 software was used for data analysis. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research were followed. Results: After analyzing tweets from Turkish nurses over a 2-year period, three themes emerged: (i) health issues (psychological and physiological effects), (ii) working conditions and challenges (staff and equipment shortages, personal rights and financial problems, violence, and administrative discrimination), and (iii) social life (family life, vaccination and adherence to precautionary measures, and social exclusion). Conclusion: The content of the tweets highlights the key issues faced by nurses and emphasizes the need for policymakers and authorities to take necessary precautions to address future pandemics.

Background: During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, vaccination of healthcare workers (HCWs) has a critical role because of their high-risk exposure and being a role model. Therefore, we aimed to investigate vaccine hesitancy and the role of mandatory polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing and education for vaccine uptake.Methods: We conducted an explanatory sequential designed observational mixed-methods study, including quantitative and qualitative sections consecutively in two different pandemic hospitals between 15 September 2021 and 1 April 2022. The characteristics of vaccinated and unvaccinated HCWs were compared. The vaccine hesitancy scales were applied, and the effect of nudging, such as mandatory PCR and education, were evaluated. In-depth interviews were performed to investigate the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among HCWs according to Health Belief Model. Results: In total, 3940 HCWs were included. Vaccine hesitancy was more common among males than females, the ancillary workers than other health professions, and nonmedical departments than other departments. After the mandatory weekly PCR request nudge, 83.33 % (130/156) vaccine-hesitant HCWs were vaccinated, and 8.3 % (13/156) after the small group seminars and mandatory PCR every two days. The rate of COVID-19 vaccination was raised from 95.5 % to 99.67 % (3927/3940). At the end of in-depth interviews (n = 13), the vaccine hesitancy determinants were distrust, fear of uncertainty, immune confidence and spirituality, the media effect, social pressure, and obstinacy.Conclusions: The nudging interventions such as mandatory PCR testing and small group seminars helped raise the rate of COVID-19 vaccination; the most effective one is mandatory PCR.& COPY; 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Background: The attitudes of children with normaldevelopment are effective in preventing negativeattitudes and discrimination towards children withdisabilities. So, it is important to use a validmeasurement tool in determining the attitudes oftheir peers towards children with disabilities.Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the validityand reliability of the Turkish version of the ChedokeMcMaster Attitudes towards Children withHandicaps Scale.Materials and Methods: This is a methodologicalstudy. Three hundred and ninety-three primaryschool students constituted the sample of the study.The SPSS 22.0 and the Amos 22.0 programs wereused to analyze the data, and construct validity wastested using the Cronbach’s alpha, exploratory factoranalysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and Pearsoncorrelation analysis.Results: The Cronbach’s alpha was .89 for thewhole scale, .91 in the affective dimension, .71 in thebehavioral dimension and .68 in the cognitivedimension. The fit indices of the scale with 30 itemsand three factors were at an acceptable level byRMSEA .062; GFI .85; χ2/sd 2.701 (p= .000).Conclusions: It was determined that the ChedokeMcMaster Attitudes towards Children withHandicaps is a valid and reliable scale for theTurkish society.

PURPOSE:This study aims to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the HIV/AIDS-related Stigma Scale.DESIGN AND METHODS:The study has a methodological design. The sample included a total of 428 participants. of the participants, 198 were HIV/AIDS patients, 230 were HIV-negative individuals. The data were analyzed using the Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis.FINDINGS:The Turkish version of the HIV/AIDS-related Stigma Scale was found to be valid and reliable for the Turkish society. Cronbach's α was 0.93 for the community perspectives subscale and 0.89 for the patient perspectives subscale, and all the model fit indices were acceptable.PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS:The level of stigmatization revealed by the scale helps gain an insight into the community and patient perspectives on HIV/AIDS.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe autoimmune illness that can be treated with a variety of medications. However, over a third of patients do not adhere to their treatment regimens. Drug compliance may be influenced by social support and demographic factors. This is a cross-sectional study that examines the association between Patient with MS socio-demographic characteristics and social support and their treatment adherence. We used the perceived social support scale and the treatment compliance scale to collect data on socio-demographic factors. We looked at the correlations between the scores on the three scales. We included 155 female, 45 male patients in our study. The mean age of the patients was 36.3±11.8 (±standard deviation). The rate of noncompliant patients was 15.5%. and 56.0% showed moderate-level compliance with their treatment. The mean multi-dimensional perceived social support score was 62.3±18.8. The only socio-demographic feature that impacts the social support and special person subscale scores was the marital status. We found that married patiens had significantly more social support and were significantly higher than divorced patient (p<0.05). This study found that PwMS compliance with their medicines is unaffected by socio-demographic characteristics or perceived social support. Larger patient groups with less perceived social support will need to be studied. On the other hand, this suggests that patient compliance is more influenced by personal factors such illness perception and beliefs than by social support.

In Turkey, nurses’ health is threatened by risks related to lifestyle as well as risks at the workplace, and they cannot exhibit enough healthy lifestyle behaviors. This study was conducted to determine barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviors perceived by nurses working in hospitals. In this qualitative study, in which five face-to-face focus-group interviews were held, 31 nurses working in a hospital selected by purposive sampling method were interviewed. The data were analyzed using the inductive content analysis technique. Three main themes, namely, work-related barriers (working hard, shift work, and lack of institutional support), individual barriers (lack of knowledge and failure to take care of health), and social barriers (family responsibilities and cultural habits), were identified and described. This study highlighted the barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviors perceived by nurses working in hospitals in Turkey. Deep knowledge of the barriers nurses perceive to initiating and maintaining healthy lifestyle behaviors can guide the development of workplace health promotion programs to reduce risk factors related to nurses' lifestyles.

Lockdown and social distancing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic increase women's responsibilities and influence their mental health. This study aimed to assess the effect of COVID-19 social distancing measures on mental well-being and burnout levels of women using an online cross-sectional survey in Turkey. The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, The Burnout Measure, and Sociodemographic form were used in this study. All analyses were performed on a sample of 438 women aged between 18 and 65. The mean score of mental well-being was 47.86 (SD = 10.04) and the mean score of burnout was 3.86 (SD = 1.16). Being younger than 30 years old (t = 2.14, P = 0.033), having undergraduate education or above (F = 5.09, P = 0.007), part-time working (F = 5.39, P = 0.005), attending to school (t = 2.68, P = 0.008), having COVID-19 symptoms (t = 6.01, P < 0.001), and perceiving spousal emotional support (F = 3.47, P = 0.016) were the factors associated with high burnout. Being older than 30 years old (z = -3.11, P = 0.002), full time working (H = 11.96, P = 0.003), not attending to school (z = -2.09, P = 0.036), perceiving spousal emotional (H = 13.22, P = 0.004), or social (H = 13.11, P = 0.004) support were the factors associated with higher mental well-being. Age (β = -0.03, P = 0.001), having two or more children (β = 0.42, P = 0.015), and perceiving COVID-19 symptoms (β = -0.73, P < 0.001) were the predictors of women's burnout. This study shows that mental well-being and burnout levels of women in Turkey have been considerably affected as a result of social distancing measures taken with the first wave of the pandemic. Findings signal the immediate need for targeted mental health nursing interventions. Therefore, technology-based mental health support programmes are recommended to be designed and utilized by mental health nurses.

Antineoplastic drugs are a hazard for both patients and healthcare workers. Health workers may be exposed to antineoplastic drugs by inhalation, ingestion or direct skin contact during the preparation, transport, administration, storage and disposal of antineoplastic drugs. The study aims to evaluate the impacts of the training on the safe handling precautions and oxidative stress parameters for oncology nurses. The study was an experimental study without a control group. This study included 23 oncology nurses who were involved in the preparation and administration of antineoplastic drugs. Training effectiveness was evaluated with the safe handling precautions questionnaire and blood samples of oncology nurses. After the training, the frequency of using the closed system transfer devices and changing the chemotherapy glove every 30 min in preparation of antineoplastic drugs significantly increased in the post-test. The post-test 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine mean of the nurses was found to be significantly lower than pre-test and follow-up. The training program provided a positive contribution to increasing the use of safe handling precautions and reducing oxidative damage. According to the results of this study, the training program can be used to develop protective health behaviors, and to reduce occupational exposure.

Background: Nurses should provide culturally sensitive care by being aware of the cultural characteristics, values and beliefs of the individuals for whom they are responsible. Nursing education must provide a foundation for the development of intercultural sensitivity. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ethnocentric attitudes and some characteristics of nursing students on their intercultural sensitivities. Methods: A comparative descriptive design was used to collect data from nursing students in two universities located in the west and the east of Turkey (N = 535; students from the east: n = 202; students from west: n = 333) Data were collected using the socio-demographic characteristics form, the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS) and the Ethnocentrism Scale. Results: When both students from east and west in Turkey were compared in terms of ISS total scores, a statistically significant difference was found between the students in terms of pervious place of residence, taking the intercultural nursing course, acquaintance with people of other cultures, having experience abroad and speaking another language (p < .05). When both students from east and west were compared in terms of the ethnocentrism scale total scores, a statistically significant difference was found between the students in terms of the gender, the year of the education, previous place of residence, taking the intercultural nursing course, acquaintance with people of other cultures, having experience abroad and having friends from different countries (p < .05). According to the linear regression analysis, the intercultural sensitivity of students was found to be significantly affected by ethnocentrism. Conclusions: Intercultural nursing courses and concepts such as intercultural sensitivity and ethnocentrism should be given a more comprehensive place in the curriculum to increase intercultural sensitivities and reduce ethnocentrism.

Amaç: Çalışma sağlık bilimleri enstitüsünde doktora eğitimi

PROBLEM:Refugee children and their families encounter various challenges in a new country. Studies on this issue reveal the presence of negative expectations on the future and life among refugees. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between quality of life and future expectations in refugee adolescents.METHODS:This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in Turkey. In this study, 76 refugee adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 participated. The study data were collected between September and December 2019 from two of the schools located in Istanbul. Study data were collected by using Future Expectation Scale for Adolescents (FESA) and Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire (PedsQL).FINDINGS:The mean ages of the participants were 15.7 ± 1.1 and all of them were females. A positive relationship was found between future expectations and quality of life.CONCLUSIONS:The results showed that a positive significant relation was detected between quality-of-life scores and future expectations' scores. Understanding the factors affecting future expectations of refugee adolescents will help to plan interventions compatible with issues confronting adolescents.

Culture has become increasingly important concepts in nursing in the era of globalization. Nurses' cultural biases and prejudices are huge obstacles to their caring for patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. Therefore, this study examined sexism among nursing students from two patriarchal societies: Turkey influenced by Islam, and South Korea influenced by Confucianism. For this comparative study, we used the survey data from the sample of 560 nursing students, 309 from Turkey and 251 from South Korea. The findings showed that both samples showed high levels of sexism, both hostile and benevolent. When comparing the two samples, Turkish nursing students showed significantly higher sexism than did Korean students. Additionally, in both countries, male participants showed higher scores on sexism, especially hostile sexism. In terms of age, older students in Turkey showed lower levels of benevolent sexism. We hope the findings of this study can provide evidence to develop customized transcultural nursing education content in the context of different ethnicities and to help nurses and nursing students from specific cultural backgrounds in becoming aware of their own cultures.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL™): The Family Impact Module. The sample of this methodological study included 201 parents whose children were diagnosed with diabetes in the endocrinology policlinics of two hospitals. The data were statistically analyzed based on frequency counts, percentages, and reliability/validity analyses. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of the scale was 0.926. The alpha coefficients of the sub-scales varied from 0.518 to 0.954. According to confirmatory factor analysis, the model fit indices of the scale were determined as follows: a goodness-of-fit index of 0.97 and a comparative fit index of 0.96. The findings indicate that the scale can be used as a valid and reliable tool to identify the difficulties that families of children with diabetes face.

Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate the problem-solving skills of the PhD students in the Institute of Health Sciences.Methods: This was a descriptive study. Of the 305 university students studying at the Health Sciences Institute of a state university, 86 students agreed to participate in the study and constituted the sample of the study. Sociodemographic Data Form and Problem Solving Inventory PSI were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistical analyses and t test were used in the evaluation of the data.Results: 59.3% of the participants were in the field of nursing, and 40.7% were continuing their doctoral studies in other disciplines affiliated to the health sciences institute. The mean total score of the PSI was 97.41 ± 20.28 and it was found that the most evaluative approach subscale 6.98 ± 3.58 was used in the perception of problem-solving skills. According to the students in the thesis period, problem-solving skills are higher; nursing doctoral students were found to have lower problem-solving skills than other disciplines; this difference was not statistically significant p> 0.05 .Conclusion: Increasing the problem-solving skills of Ph.D. students and conducting related research can help to improve the quality of scientific studies and training skills. Since the problem-solving skills of nursing doctoral students are determined to be lower, the factors affecting the students in this area should be determined in the process.Thesis advisor’s attitudes to support problem-solving skills can also positively impact students