Molecular Biology of the CellVol. 32, No. 16 ArticlesFree AccessSignaling of ghrelin at GHSR1b and OX1R receptor heterodimersRetraction(s) for this articleRetractionThis is the final version - click for previous versionQiuling Wang, Weiwei Xiao, Yang Li, Zhenying Liu, Huafeng Li, Jinhuan Wang, Yuan Hu, Qingjie Xue, and Daping WangQiuling WangDepartment of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Weiwei XiaoOutpatient Service Center, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Yang LiOutpatient Service Center, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Zhenying LiuDepartment of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Huafeng LiDepartment of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Jinhuan WangDepartment of Health Care for Cadres,The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Yuan HuDepartment of Health Care for Cadres,The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Qingjie Xue*Address correspondence to: Qingjie Xue (E-mail Address: qjxue9797@126.com).Outpatient Service Center, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, and Daping WangDepartment of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorJonathan Chernoff, Monitoring EditorPublished Online:29 Jul 2021https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E19-06-0326AboutSectionsView PDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Editor’s Note:After this paper was accepted and posted in MBoC In Press, but before it was included in a regular issue of the journal, the authors requested that it be retracted. It is now being assigned to a regular issue of Molecular Biology of the Cell solely for the purpose of linking it to the published retraction statement.FOOTNOTESDOI:10.1091/mbc.E19-06-0326FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByEffect of Parecoxib on Hippocampus and Hypothalamic Orexin Neurons in Rats with Cerebral InfarctionJournal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Vol. 11, No. 4Development of a ghrelin receptor inverse agonist for positron emission tomographyOncotarget, Vol. 12, No. 5A new understanding of GHSR1a——independent of ghrelin activationAgeing Research Reviews, Vol. 64Counterbalanced microcircuits for Orx1 and Orx2 regulation of stress reactivityMedicine in Drug Discovery, Vol. 8Exploring functional consequences of GPCR oligomerization requires a different lensRelated articlesRetraction29 Jul 2021Molecular Biology of the Cell Vol. 32, No. 16 August 01, 20211409-1515 Metrics Downloads & Citations Downloads: 342Citations: 5 History Information© 2021 Wang et al. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0).

Objective To establish and evaluate the bone mineral density (BMD) reference database of multiple skeletal regions,which would be useful for diagnosis of osteoporosis (OP) in women.Methods Healthy females aged 25-35 years were selected.BMD of the lumbar spine (L2,L3,and L4),the left hip (femoral neck,Ward's triangle,and the greater trochanter was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorption (DXA,Lunar i and Lunar NT,USA,respectively).The calibration equations were established.BMD between women in Qingdao and in Yantai was compared before and after the calibration.The best fitting model equations were found and the reference database was established.Prevalence of OP was analyzed according to the database.Results (1) BMD result examined with Lunar i and Lunar NT showed significant linear relationship.(2) BMD after calibration in 6 skeletal regions showed change with aging.BMD reference database of women in Shandong's coastal area was established by cubic regression equation.The peak BMD appeared at 20-40 years old and followed by a linear decrease after 40 years old.(3) Based on this database,the prevalence of OP increased with age in women aged from 50 to 89 who had medical examination from 2005 to 2012.The prevalence was lower than other cities.The detecting rates of OP were higher than that provided by the Lunar i reference database.Conclusion This study establishes the BMD reference database in women in Shandong coastal area,which can be used as reference standard for OP diagnosis in the region.

Objective To access the therapeutic effects of metformin to adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods Thirty patients with PCOS,aged 15 to 25 years,were treated by metformin,850 mg twice daily for twelve weeks.The changes of the following indexes after administration were observed: body weight,blood pressure,menstruation,testosterone(T),luteohormone(LH),follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),estradiol(E_2),LH/FSH,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL),lower density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL),fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(PBG),insulin(INS).The body mass index(BMI) and insulin sensitivity index(ISI) were also calculated.Results After the treatment with metformin,the BMI,the levels of INS,T,LH and LH/FSH ratio were decreased significantly(P0.001) and ISI was increased significantly(P0.001).The levels of FBG,TC,TG,and LDL were also improved(P0.05 or 0.01).The average value of diastolic blood pressure was significantly different among groups(P0.01) and 73.3% of patients(22/30) resumed normal menstruation.Conclusion Metformin can improve insulin resistance,hyperinsulinaemia,decrease the plasma levels of T and LH,and LH/FSH ratio,resume menstrual cycle.At the same time,it also can improve blood pressure,and regulate glucose and lipid.

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是一种常见的影响生殖功能障碍的内分泌代谢紊乱性疾病.在生育年龄妇女中,发病率约为5-10%[1].

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是一种妇科内分泌代谢紊乱且治疗较困难的疾病.在生育年龄妇女中发病率为5%～10%[1],其发病机制尚不清楚,该类患者通常存在高胰岛素血症、胰岛素抵抗(IR)和高雄激素血症[2].近年研究表明,PCOS是以IR为特征的内分泌疾病.

弥漫性甲状腺肿伴甲状腺机能亢进(甲亢)和糖尿病(DM)是与遗传、免疫调节异常相关的常见的内分泌代谢疾病.二病并存或相继发病临床并不少见.本文将我院自1992年1月～2001年12月收治的54例作一分析讨论.

1病例资料 患者女,16岁,因肥胖、闭经3年入院.病人12岁月经来潮,周期不规律,每5～8个月来1次,共来潮3次,此后闭经.近3年体重增长较快,每年达10kg,渐出现声音粗哑,体毛浓密,皮肤粗糙伴色素沉着,尤以颈项部、腋下、腹股沟区为著.

目的　对86例老年糖尿病人机会感染进行研究，探讨其发病机制、常见机会致病菌及临床特点。　方法　从住院的老年糖尿病人中筛选机会感染者86例，分析其致病菌、感染部位、血糖、血浆蛋白、血纤维蛋白原、血红蛋白及尿蛋白等。　结果　主要危险因素是高血纤维蛋白原、低白蛋白血症和高血糖等。常见的感染部位是泌尿系统、呼吸系统、双足、躯体皮肤及败血症；常见的机会致病菌有葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷白菌及链球菌。　结论　老年糖尿病人易发生机会感染，致病菌呈多样性，在抗感染治疗中应积极改善器官功能和支持治疗。

目的探讨老年糖尿病患者康复过程中严重皮肤感染发病机制、临床表现及常见致病菌.方法回顾性分析38例皮肤损伤原因、感染好发部位及常见致病菌,分析入院时生化指标.结果皮肤损伤多因护理不当和保护知识缺乏,感染多发生在足部,其次是背部及臀部;病原菌多为条件致病菌,以金黄色葡萄球菌最多见;其中高血糖、高纤维蛋白原、低白蛋白血症及贫血为独立危险因素.结论老年糖尿病患者康复治疗过程中易发生皮肤感染,对糖尿病患者教育及护理是预防严重皮肤感染的关键.