采用蠕动实验研究了部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)混合溶液(总质量分数为0.20％)的流变性(零剪切黏度),主要考察了体系组成比(以HPAM在聚合物中所占质量分数表示,RPH)和电解质(NaCl)浓度(cNaCl)对流变性的影响,并对HPAM和PVA分子间相互作用机理进行了探讨.结果表明,PVA可通过氢键与HPAM络合(或交联)形成高分子复合物,其络合PVA/HPAM摩尔比约为90.RPH在0数0.7范围内,HPAM和PVA混合产生黏度降低效应,其中在RPH=0.2时黏度降低效应最强.而RPH在0.7数1.0范围内,基本无黏度效应.加入NaCl可使混合溶液(RPH=0.20)产生复合增黏效应,表明聚合物复配可提高HPAM溶液的抗盐能力.

Selection and evaluation lab study of water shutoff agent has been conducted on the basis of the produced water from screen pipe completion horizontal well.With Zhuang 1 block of ShengLi oil field as an example,three kinds of water shutoff agents have been evaluated in lab,including w/w polymer gel,relative permeability correctives and resin of oil-soluble.The result indicates that w/w polymer gel is fit for pit or part well water from horizontal well at middle permeability reservoir,and resin of oil-soluble is fit for multishot water horizontal well shutoff at high permeability reservoir,and relative permerbility correctives is fit for multishot water horizontal well shutoff at middle-low permeability reservoir.These three kinds of water shutoff agents can be taken as examples for the scree well shutoff like Zhuang 1 block.

本文针对目前塔河油田水平井堵水现状,优选、评价了凝结聚硅体水平井堵剂,并开展了性能评价研究。凝结聚硅体属有机硅类,具有较强的耐温耐盐性。评价结果表明:凝结聚硅体适应塔河油田油藏条件,并具有较好的矿场应用前景。

Preparation of composite gel was introduced briefly in this article.The influences of gel content,pH value and temperature of the gel solution,and formation water salinity on gelation rate and gel viscosity were studied.The results showed that at pH value of 7.0-9.0 and 65 ℃,when the gel content was 0.8%-2.0%,and formation water salinity was 20 000 mg/L,the gelling ability of the gel solution is excellent,with rapid gelling speed and high gel viscosity.The core plugging simulation experiments illustrated that the plugging rate of this gel was 96.7%.The shunt rate of high permeable tube decreased from 82% to 10%,and the shunt rate of low permeable tube increased from 18% to 90%.This gel could block off channeling path effectively so that the low permeable tube was actuated.The results of field application showed that the pressure is 4.5 MPa higher than before,and the oil enhanced is 569.1t,with input and output ratio of 1:3.36.

目的:评价冠状动脉支架置入后血清炎症因子对再狭窄形成的影响.方法:以"冠状动脉疾病,冠状动脉支架置入,炎症介导,支架材料"为检索词,检索中国期刊文数据库及Medline数据库2001/2010相关文献.纳入研究对象为冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病需要支架置入治疗的患者;经冠状动脉造影检查证实为冠心病的患者;不限定患者的年龄、性别、种族及地域,且同意行冠状动脉支架置入治疗;检测指标为炎症因子表达.排除感染性疾病、出血性疾病、白血病、严重肝病、严重肾功能不全及肿瘤者.重点对23条文献进行探讨.结果:支架置入后随着血清可溶性细胞间黏附分子1浓度增加sCD40L浓度也增加.支架置入后血清可溶性细胞间黏附分子1、基质金属蛋白酶9浓度均明显升高,并上调了黏附因子血清可溶性细胞间黏附分子1、基质金属蛋白酶9的表达;对血清白细胞介素18及C-反应蛋白的水平有明显影响.结论:结果说明在支架置入过程中,球囊扩张、支架置入等一系列挤压斑块因素, 促进了炎症因子释放,增加了血清炎症因子的水平.冠脉血管损伤后血管重构及再灌注也是促其增高的原因,而升高幅度与冠脉病变程度密切相关.

In view of the easy gushing of injecting water into predominant flow field in the development of Feiyantan oilfield,which has caused poor development effect,an inorganic particulate polymer gel deep profile control system and relevant construction technology were developed and applied at 9 oil wells in No.126 Block of Feiyantan oilfield.The success percent of the technology was 100%,the effectiveness percent at corresponding oil wells was 82.6%,accumulated crude oil production increase was 30.018 8 kt,the amount of water gushed - in was reduced by 2.3×10~4m~3,and the input - output ratio was 1:8.21,indicating this technology has good economic benefit.According to the results,the nonuniformity of oil reservoir can be adjusted effectively and the reservoir bed producing degree can be improved by this making use of inorganic particulate polymer gel deep profile control system,and it is an effective technology for improving water - flooding development of oilfield.

In order to study the polymer used for chemical displacement in Chengdao Oilfield of Shengli Oilfield,experiments were performed to study the shearing retention rate of different concentrations of polymer fluids flowing through ordinary metal felt,hydrophobic metal felt,wrapping wire and other three types of screens under different injecting flow rates.Experiments results show that based on precision of sand barrier,the field sand retention accuracy demand is satisfied with oilfield requirements compared with ordinary metal felt and hydrophobic metal felt,the shearing retention rate of polymer fluid flowing through wire wrapped screen with 0.1mm accuracy is the highest,average value is more than 96%.Under the same accuracy,the viscosity retention rate of hydrophobic metal felt screen is much higher than that of ordinary melt felt screen.In combination with special offshore oilfield conditions,coating hydrophobic metal felt screen is recommended.

The performance of active polymer for dispersing crude oil was evaluated in laboratory experiments, and the mechanism of active polymer for dispersing crude oil was studied by using the technical instruments like atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope,etc.According to the results,active polymer is highly effective for dispersing crude oil,and the optimum working concentration is 1 500 mg/L. The maximum oil - water ratio of the stable miscible system formed can be 4:1,and the stabilization time is long.Active polymer disperses crude oil by making such use of molecular self - assembly that it forms a net structure in the solution,wrapping oil drops and dispersed in the water phase,which causes the formation of a stable mixed phase system.

In view of the water shutoff in screen pipe completed well in Shengli Oilfield currently,a selective water shutoff agent of aqueous dispersion emulsion polymer gel,relative permeability modifier and oil soluble resin for horizontal well was chosen.The performance evaluation on the selective water shutoff agent was conducted,and the selective water shutoff agent was used in the oilfield.Among that the aqueous dispersion emulsion polymer was polyacrylamide,the relative permeability modifier was a cationic surfactant and the oil soluble resin was a synthetic resin.The results have shown that the aqueous dispersion emulsion polymer can be used for shutting off the water bursting on a point like spot in heterogeneous reservoir and for horizontal well water plugging in some sections,the oil soluble resin can be used for horizontal well water plugging in the case of multi-point water bursting in high permeability reservoir,and the relative permeability modifier can be used for horizontal well water plugging in the case of multi-point water bursting in low permeability reservoir.

The high water content caused by reservoir heterogeneity and the limited lifetime of offshore platform are the major factors to restrict the seabeach oilfield development. So we have developed the emulsion profile control system to meet the needs of on-site profile control for offshore oilfield. And laboratory evaluation and study are carried out. Study results show that the profile control system is characterized by the short dissolving time, good injectivity, slow cross-linking and strong viscosity. The field test of on-site profile control system of emulsion has been carried out in 5 wells in Chengdao Oilfield, which have gained a fairly good effect.

The wall build-up mechanisms of a modified polyacrylamide solution for EOR,prepared by simu- lative water,were analyzed.The effects of metal ion in the simulative water on the wall build-up phenome- non and viscosity of the polymer solution were investigated.The results showed that the wall build-up phe- nomenon of the solution was mainly induced by the interaction between the bivalent ions in the simulative water and the functional sulfonic groups of the new polymer.

根据分子设计原理,设计合成了一种适合胜利孤岛油田油藏及水质条件的新型驱油剂--活性高分子体系,对活性高分子体系的分子结构进行了表征,并对合成产品的性能进行了评价.室内物化、应用性能评价显示:该产品具有组分单一、溶解性好、增粘性好、耐温耐盐、抗生物降解、高效分散原油、混合液易分离等性质.双管并联物模驱油试验结果表明:水驱后注入活性高分子提高采收率25.91%,聚驱后注入活性高分子提高采收率11.43%,该技术有望成为高含水油田开发后期、聚驱后油藏提高采收率的接替技术.

Three nano-sized polymer micro-ball systems A-1、D-2 and M-1 were investigated on their swelling properties in field produced water and plugging capacities in cores.The results showed that D-2 was best in swelling properties and plugging capacities.The optimum flooding condition of D-2 in physical simulation flooding test was as follows:1.the permeability of high permeation tube was less than 1.7μm~2;2.the permeability difference between low and high permeation tubes was less than 2.6;3.The flooding manner was"normal injection and slow extraction",that is to say,waterflooding and micro-ball injection in 1.5 mL/min followed by waterflooding in 0.5 mL/min;4.the slug combination of the polymer micro-ball was 5 000 mg/L(0.05 PV)+2 000 mg/L(0.1 PV)。

A novel polymer for EOR was compounded in this paper. An active monomer was inserted into the polymer, which was synthesized independently. The research results showed that the interfacial tension force between the polymer and simulative oil could reach 10-2 order. It could satisfy the requirement of oil displacement and oil washing simultaneously. Interfacial shearing viscosity between the polymer and simulative oil was investigated. With the increase of shear rate, interfacial shearing viscosity remained stationary. It showed that the polymer hadn’t shear thinned behavior and shear thickened behavior. It was favourable to emulsion breaking of production fluid.