In this study, the effects of pesticides, which are extensively used in Turkish agriculture, on drone semen were investigated. Some of the most used pesticides in Turkey; abamectin, cypermethrin, glyphosate, and spinosad were selected. The study consisted of four pesticide groups, the solvent for these pesticides (methyl alcohol), and a control group, a total of six groups. There was a total of 36 colonies used in the experiment, with six colonies in each group. Before beginning the experiment, the colonies were homogenized, and sister queens were admitted in all colonies. When drone eggs began to form, pesticides were applied to the colonies. Sperm was taken 17 days after the drones emerged reached maturity. Semen volume and sperm count measured by spectrophotometer were recorded, and sperm concentration was calculated based on these two parameters. In addition, sperm length and viability were also assessed. When sperm concentration was examined, the lowest concentration was found in drones collected from abamectin-treated colonies (P < 0.05). The volume of ejaculates collected from bees from colonies treated with abamectin and cypermethrin was found to be lower than that of the other groups (P < 0.05). When the effects of pesticides on sperm length were examined, the sperm length of the abamectin group was the shortest, followed by the control and cypermethrin groups (P < 0.05). The sperm length of the spinosad group was the longest (P < 0.05). Sperm viability in the cypermethrin group was the lowest, followed by the abamectin group (P < 0.05). No differences were found between the control, methyl alcohol, glyphosate, and spinosad groups (P > 0.05). In the study conducted to determine the stress caused by pesticides in the larval period, it was found that abamectin and cypermethrin caused stress at the applied dose in the larval period (P < 0.05).

In this study, some biochemical characteristics (total protein, total RNA, Catalase: CAT enzyme activity and malondialdehyde: MDA level) of Italian bee (A. m. ligustica) and Caucasian bee (A. m. caucasica), and Muğla and Anatolian bees (A. m. anatolica) from local honey bee races were investigated comparatively. Laboratory analyzes of biochemical characteristics were performed on worker bees aged 24 days old with 10 repetitions using appropriate methods informed in the literature. The amounts of total protein of bee races given above were 18.39±1.28, 20.71±0.63, 18.56±1.24 and 20.95±2.15 g/dL, respectively; the amounts of total RNA were 11.46±0.18, 12.10±0.26, 11.87±0.20 and 12.27±0.26 µg/µL, respectively; the CAT activities were 4.59±0.46, 5.12±0.67, 4.88±0.48 and 5.25±0.53 kU/g P, respectively; the levels of MDA were 0.52±0.04, 0.50±0.04, 0.48±0.02 ve 0.43±0.05 mmol/mg, respectively. Variance analysis showed that statistically significant differences among races in terms of the all characteristics examined. The results of CAT activity which is one of the indicators of antioxidant defense system, and levels of MDA which is an indicator of peroxidation of membrane lipids; and similarly total amount of protein also includes various proteins such as antioxidants and enzymes; it can be said that the Anatolian and Caucasian bee races (due to higher total protein, total RNA and CAT activities, and lower MDA level) are more resistant to various negative environmental factors (e.g. climate, flora, pesticide, etc.) than the Muğla and Italian bee races in the conditions of the Central Anatolia Region; there are significant differences between the bee races in terms of amounts of total RNA and this parameter can be also used in the characterization of bee races.

By 2050, the earth's population is expected to be more than 9 billion. The need for secure food and water supply will force agriculture to increase production. The major greenhouse gases (GHGs) from the livestock sector are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) throughout the production process. These gases are the key contributor to an increasing earth's surface temperature. Global warming occurs as a result of gases emitted by humans into the atmosphere, creating a greenhouse effect. The livestock sector contributes between 25 and 40% of anthropogenic methane emissions. Human-derived animal production contributes to global warming by producing 9% of CO2 emissions, 35-40% of CH4, and 65% of N2O gas emissions. Carbon footprint is a measure of the damage that human activities cause to the environment in terms of the amount of GHGs produced as a unit of CO2. The most common method used in carbon footprint calculations is the Tier 1-2-3 approach developed by the intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC). In this study, the carbon footprint of a dairy sheep farm in Nigde province was calculated using Tier 1 method to determine global warming potential. The carbon footprint of this farm from both sources like N2O and CH4 was 85535.2 CO(2)eq year(-1). The estimation of GHGs is very obligatory to evaluate global warming stress and avoidance from some fatal diseases.

Araştırmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin arı ürünleri hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerinin, tüketim davranışlarının ve alışkanlarının tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma Selçuk Üniversitesinde okumakta olan öğrencilerden tesadüfî olarak seçilen 311 öğrenci üzerinde yapılmıştır. Ankete katılan öğrencilerin büyük bir çoğunluğu Marmara Bölgesinde ikamet etmektedir. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde, öğrencilerin tamamının balı tanıdığı, ancak polen, arı sütü, balmumu, arı zehiri ve propolis için bilgi düzeyleri ise sırasıyla %75,2, %43,7, %41,2, %30,2 ve %21,2 olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca cinsiyet ile bal, polen ve propolis tüketimi arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadığı görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin aylık ortalama gelir ve arı ürünleri tüketimi arasındaki ilişkide ise bal ve propolis tüketenlerde anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu görülürken, polen ve arı sütünde anlamlı bir farklılık görülmemiştir. Aylık ortalama gıda harcaması ve arı ürünleri tüketimi arasındaki ilişkide de bal, polen ve arı sütünde anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı görülürken, propolis tüketenlerde anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bilgilerle birlikte öğrencilerin arı ürünlerini nereden temin ettikleri, hangi mevsimde ne kadar tükettikleri, balın sahteliğini ve kristalleşmesini anlama durumları ve ürünlerin fiziksel halleri de incelenerek daha önce bu konuyla ilgili yapılmış olan diğer çalışmalarla karşılaştırmalar yapılmış ve bir takım önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Bu çalışma; ultrasonik banyo ve benmari yöntemleri ile ısıl işlem uygulanan kristalize katı ve sıvı polifloral çiçek ile pamuk ballarının yaklaşık 1 yıl oda ısısında depolama şartlarında rekristalizasyon-kristalizasyon oluşumunun belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Yerel arıcılardan temin edilen kristaize katı ve sıvı bal örneklerine 25°C ve 50°C sıcaklıkta 2 saat süre ile ultrasonik banyo ve benmari ısıl işlemleri uygulananmıştır. Herhangi bir işlem uygulanmayan bal örnekleri karşılaştırma amaçlı kontrol gurubu olarak kullanılmıştır. Ultrasonik ısı uygulaması yapılan ballarda ortalama kristallenme oranı %8,75 iken benmari yöntemiyle ısıl işlem uygulanan gruplardaki ballarda ortalama kristallenme oranı %31,25 olarak bulunmuştur. Kontrol grubunda ise ortalama kristallenme oranı %90 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak uygulanan ısıl işlemlerin kristallenmeye etkileri arasında önemli farklılıklar bulunmuş ve balların kristallenmemesi için 2 saat süreyle 50°C ultrasonik banyo yönteminin etkili bir uygulama olacağı belirlenmiştir.

Gezginci arıcılık; koloni verimliliğinin artırılmasında önemli bir uygulama olmakla birlikte son zamanlarda kolonilerin nakliyesinde için işçi bulmak önemli bir sorun haline gelmeye başlamıştır. Arı taşımacılığının genellikle iller arasında ve gece saatlerinde yapılması zorunluluğu, ayrıca arı sokması problemleri nedeniyle çalıştıracak eleman bulunamaması sorununu da beraberinde getirmiştir. Gezginci arıcılıkta taşımacılığın iller arasında yapılması yanında, kolonileri hem yüklerken hem de indirirken ayrı işçilik giderleri gerektirmesi de işletme giderlerini artıran bir diğer faktördür. Bunun sonucu olarak da arıların taşınmasında işçi bulmak hem güç olmakta hem de işçilik maliyetlerinin yüksek olması nedeniyle gezginci arıcılık ekonomik olmaktan uzaklaşmaktadır. Sürekli artan yakıt fiyatlarıyla birlikte nakliye giderlerinin de artması gezginci arıcılığı olumsuz etkileyen bir diğer olumsuzluktur. Arı yükleme ve indirmede yaşanan bu problemlerden dolayı bir arıcı konakladığı yerden memnun olmasa da kolonilerinin yerini hızlıca değiştirememekte ve sezonu verimsiz bir şekilde geçirmek zorunda kalmaktadır.

The level of response to sugar plays a role in many aspects of honey bee behavior including age dependent polyethism and division of labor. Bees may tune their sensitivity to sugars so that they maximize collection of high quality nectar, but they must also be able to collect from less profitable sources when high quality food is scarce. However, our understanding of the mechanisms by which bees can change their responsiveness to different sugars remains incomplete. To investigate the plasticity of sensitivity to sugar, bees were raised on different sugars either in vitro or in colonies. Bees raised in the incubator on diets containing mostly either fructose or glucose showed significantly more responsiveness to the majority sugar. In contrast, bees raised in colonies that only foraged on fructose or glucose responded equally well to both sugars. These data suggest that developmental plasticity for responses to sugar is masked by the feeding of worker jelly to larvae and young bees. The production of worker jelly from secretions of the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands by nurse bees ensures that both glucose and fructose are experienced by young bees so that they respond to both sugars and will be able to exploit all future food sources.

Migratory beekeeping, has become an important issue in increasing productivity of colony, but today it has become an important challenge to find staff to load and unload bees. The necessity of carrying bee transportation usually between illusions and at night time, as well as the problem of not finding the workers to work due to bee insertion problems have also brought about. In addition to the transportation of beekeeping between the cities in the migratory beekeeping, it is another factor that increases the operating expenses, even if the colonies are both loaded and unloaded and require separate labor costs. As a consequence, it is difficult to find the workers in the transportation of bees and because of the high cost of labor, the traveling bee is getting away from being economical. The constant increase in fuel prices and the increase in transportation costs are another negative factor that adversely affects migratory beekeeping negatively. Due to these problems of loading and downloading bees, although they are not satisfied with the place where they put a beekeeper, they can not change their place quickly and have to spend the season inefficiently.

Globally, 16.9% of milk used by humans is taken from different species other than a cow. These species are sheep, horse, yak, ass, goat, camel and buffalo. The global camel (Camelus dromedarius) population is about 34 million head with sharing of almost 0.4% of world’s non-cattle milk. Within the last 20 years, the curiosity of camel farming is amassed remarkably in different countries of the world including the Netherland, Italy and USA for camel milk production. The camel is considered as a goal animal of the 21st century because it produces high quality milk under extreme temperature, deficiency of pasture and dearth of water. The average milk production of camel fluctuates from 4 to 30 lt with lactation length ranges from 9 to18 months having peak yield in second to the third month of lactation. Camel’s milk is used globally because of its salty taste, high vitamin C concentration and its medicinal properties. Nevertheless, it gives many valuable benefits such as treatment of autism, control diabetes and allergy, prevention from liver cirrhosis and replacer of cow milk to avoid an infant’s allergic reaction. The camel milk is a natural treatment of diabetes as it has a substantial result in a decrease of mean blood glucose and conserves necessary insulin doses. Camel milk constitutes of protein (2.5-4.5%), fat (2.9-5.5%), solid not fat (8.9 -14.3%), ash (0.35-0.95%), lactose (2.9-5.8%) and water (86.3-88.5%) as mean specific gravity is 1.03. Due to its distinct properties, the consumption of camel milk is increasing day by day and a number of industries are working to promote camel milk production and processing. Therefore, the tenacity of this review article is to explicate the beneficial uses and production of camel milk over the globe.

Adana province is very suitable for honey bee (Apis mellifera) breeding in terms of climate, geographic structure and rich flora. This study was carried out to investigate of beekeeping structure in Adana. The research was carried out as a questionnaire with technical questions related to technical beekeeping by visiting 169 beekeepers in Adana. In this study, a questionnaire consisting of multiple choice and open-ended questions were used as a data collection method. This survey were obtained data on beekeepers personal information, educational status, reasons for starting beekeeping, how many years they have been beekeeping, recognition of bee diseases and pests, and reared bee species. It is an effort to depict the technical and economic characteristics of province beekeeping practices in order to discover the overall structure of beekeeping in the province. According to the results of the survey, 99.4% of beekeepers’ gender were male, average age 47.77, 58.5% of beekeepers’ education level were primary school, beekeeping experience averaged 19.22 years and colony numbers were 293.21 per beekeeper. Furthermore, the problems of beekeepers were tried to determine.

Son yıllarda, tüketicilerin gıda üretimi ve tüketimi üzerine duyarlılıklarının artışına bağlı olarak, gıda ürünleri talebindeki belirleyici faktörlerden biri konumundaki gıda güvenilirliği sürekli gündemdedir. Diğer tarımsal ürünlere nazaran daha denetimsiz koşullarda üretilip pazarlandığı için bal konusunda da gıda güvenilirliği sorunu yoğun bir şekilde kendini hissettirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye‘de arı ürünlerinin gıda güvenilirliği konusunda ne tür uygulamalar yapıldığı Niğde ili kentsel örneğinde tüketiciler için bal tüketiminde gıda güvenilirliğinin ne derece önemli olduğu ve tüketicinin bu konudaki bilincinin ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmada 286 tüketici ile yüz yüze anket görüşmesi yapılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilere gelir gruplarına göre satın almada etkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi için varyans analizi ve Faktör analizi yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre kalıntı sorunu ve ticari şeker katkılı tağşişli bal endişesinden dolayı tüketiciler tarafından alımların market yerine doğrudan üreticiden alma yönünde çaba sarf edildiği ve marketten yapılan alımlarda balın kalitesine güvenin düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca tüketiciler arasında geçmiş yıllara nazaran balın güvenilirliğinin düştüğü görüşü yaygındır. Faktör analizi sonuçlarına göre bal satın almada tüketicilerde sağlıklı beslenme bilincinin en önemli faktör olduğu, özellikle tüketicilerin gelir seviyesi yükseldikçe sağlıklı beslenme ve kalite bilinci olumlu yönde geliştiği görülmüştür.

This study was carried out to determine the effects of age and number of grafted larvae on acceptance rates, body weight, body length, head width and length, thorax width and length, and wing width and length of queen bees. One breeding and eleven starter hives were used for rearing queen bees. Totally, 495 one, two, and three-day-old larvae were grafted into starter hives comprising 30, 45, and 60 and 414 larvae were accepted; thus, generally, the acceptance rate was calculated as 83%. The best acceptance rate was calculated in three-day-old larvae group as 85.15%. There were found a statistically significant effect of the number of grafted larvae on body length and head width of queen. However, there were any effects on weight, head length, thorax width, thorax length, wing width, wing length, and acceptance rate of larvae. Age of grafted larvae did not have a statistically significant effect on head width, head length, wing width and acceptance rate of larvae. On the other hand, age of grafted larvae had a statistically significant effect on queen weight, body length, thorax width and length, and wing length of queen. If bee breeders wish to improve their stock, they should graft one-day-old larvae for rearing better queen bees.

This paper examines the association between agricultural subsidies and farm efficiency using stochastic frontier analysis on beekeeping farming. Turkey has huge honey production potential. However, traditional production mode negatively affects the total production and productivity. In this study, it was used primary data from 54 producers in Nigde province in 2017. Producers were selected through stratified sampling method. According to results, the mean technical efficiency of the beekeeping farms is 0.43. The beekeepers were found to be generally fairly inefficient. The most important factors, which determine technical inefficiency, are agricultural subsidies, major occupation for beekeeping, full frame numbers with honey per hive, pure race of bee, type of beekeeping farming and hive numbers. The result reveals that the government subsidy scheme had a net negative impact on the technical efficiency of beekeeping farm. This is the ?rst time that such an impact assessment of government subsidies on technical efficiency in the beekeeping farming has been carried out in Turkey. For this reason, it is expected that the results will be useful both for scientists and policy decision makers in agriculture and rural development.

Turkey has huge honey production potential. However, traditional production mode negatively affects the total production and productivity. The purpose of this study was to analyse the determinants of technical efficiency of beekeeping farms. This paper also aimed to examine the association between beekeeping subsidies and farm efficiency using stochastic frontier analysis on beekeeping farming. In this study, it was used primary data from 54 producers in Nigde province in 2017. Producers were selected through stratified sampling method. According to results, the mean technical efficiency of the beekeeping farms is 0.57. The beekeepers were found to be generally fairly inefficient. This implies that there will be need to develop new technologies to raise productivity. The most important factors, which determine technical inefficiency, are the existing of pure race bee in colony, education level of farmer, hive numbers, beekeeping subsidies, age of farmer, type of beehive and the number of migratory activity. The result revealed that pure race bee in colony had a great impact on beekeeping productivity. According to inefficiency model result, the government subsidy scheme for beekeeping had a net negative impact on the technical efficiency of beekeeping farm. For this reason, integrated development efforts and implementation of policies, which will develop the technology that will enable to use resources more efficiently in agriculture, have great importance to improve the sector.

Recently, food safety which has become one of the decisive factor in demand for all food products, is becoming a major concern due to increasing sensitivity of consumers to food production and consumption. As honey is produced and marketed on more uncontrolled conditions, which is relatively different from other agricultural products, the food safety issue is becoming more intense. In this study, it is examined what kind of applications are applied in food safety in bee products in Turkey. In the second part of the study, it is aimed to determine the importance of food safety in honey consumption of urban consumers in Niğde province based on the primary data and to put consumer's consciousness in this subject. For this purpose, it was conducted a survey by interviewing face to face with 286 consumers. In the study, besides basic statistical methods, univariate analysis of variance and factor analysis method were also used to determine the effective factors in purchasing according to income groups. As a result of the research, it was determined that there is a great lack of confidence in the quality of honey in purchasing from the market due to both the concern of sugar added fraudulent honey and residual problem by consumers. For this reason, consumers prefer to buy honey from directly producers rather than market. In addition, consumers are more likely to believe that honey is less safety than in previous years. Health consciousness is an important factor in consumers purchasing honey and health and quality consciousness develops positively especially as the income level of consumers’ increases.

This study was conducted to determine the effects of Bayvarol®, Fumidil-B®, Neo-Terramycin® on adult honeybee lifespan. Total twenty honeybee colonies were used and randomly divided into four groups (each group consisted of five colonies). Experimental groups: Bayvarol ®, Fumidil-B® and Neo-Terramycin® were treated to first, second and third groups, respectively. No treatment was done to forth group taken as control group. A hundred one day old worker bees were taken from each group and marked with different colors and numbered on the thorax. After the marked, all worker bees were given into the observation hive. Marked worker bees were controlled and counted daily. Statistical analysis of data was done by variance analysis method and between groups comparisons were done with Duncan's multiple range tests. Average lifespans of the first, second, third and control groups were 44.97±4.90, 46.86±6.56, 45.38±6.12 and 47.72±6.06 days, respectively. There were found statistically significant differences among average lifespan of first, second, third and control groups. This study showed that some drugs used to treat diseases and pests reasoned a negative effect on the lifespan of honeybees.

In honeybee colonies, insufficient struggle against diseases and parasites Or the use of wrong drugs at wrong time which reduce the productivity of colonies significantly. Additionally, these kinds of wrong applications can also threaten the human health because of chemical residues. Varroa destructor, which affects negatively the colony productivity, is the most important external parasite of the honeybees (Apis mellifera L.). Therefore, beekeepers have to use many different synthetic miticides for reducing or preventing the V. destructor damages. This study was carried out to determine the possible effects of ocalic acid treatment in different seasons on V. destructor population in honeybee colonies. Ten of total twenty honebee colonies had similar infestetion levels which were used for treatment group and ten colonies were also used as the control group. Average efficacies of oxalic acid treatment in different seasons on Varroa population in honeybee colonies in early spring (in March), summer (in June) and late autumn (in October) were found to be 80.22%, 69.72% and 84.61%, respectively (P<0.01). These results showed that oxalic acid treatment in late autumn and early spring against varroa in honeybees were about 21% and 15% more effective than summer, respectively.

Bu çalışma balarısı(Apis mellifera anatoliaca) kolonilerine değişik aralıklarla polen tuzağı takmanın işçi arıların polen toplama aktiviteleri ve koloninin polen verimine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Günlük ortalama en fazla polen’i (75.20±9.12 gr/gün/koloni) her gün tuzak takılı olan I. Grup koloniler toplarken, bir gün ara ile tuzak takılan II. Grup (40.35±3.15 gr/gün/koloni) ve üç gün ara ile tuzak takılan III. Grup (37.23±3.45 gr/gün/koloni) koloniler ise daha az polen toplamışlar ve aynı istatistiki grupta yer almışlardır. Günün değişik saatlerinde polen yükü ile gelen arı sayıları bakımından hem gruplar hem de saatler arasındaki farklılık istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur(P<0.01). Tüm gruplardaki koloniler en fazla poleni saat 7:00 (165.81±15.8 adet/10 dakika/koloni) ve 9:00(177.39±20.06 adet/10 dakika/koloni) saatlerinde toplamışlar, en az poleni ise 15:00(19.52±1.68 adet/10 dakika/koloni) saatlerinde topladıkları belirlenmiştir.

This study was conducted to determine the better hygienic behaviour determination method that is used in controlling against bee diseases and pests. Total forty honeybee colonies (Apis mellifera anatoliaca) were used and they were randomly divided into two groups (each group consists of twenty colonies) in first year. Liquid nitrogen method was used in the first group' colonies and pin-killing (needling process) method was used in the second group’ colonies to determine the effectiveness of methods for hygienic behaviour. Average clearance rate was found as 66.25% and 78.10% in the first (Liquid nitrogen application) and the second (pin-killing) groups respectively. In the second year, forty colonies were divided into five equal groups and each group consisted eight colonies. The first group consisted of 9 frames bees in standard langstroot hive (10 frame capacity), the second group consisted of 5 frames bees in standard langstroot hive (10 frame capacity), the third group consisted of 5 frames bees in ruşet hive (5 frame capacity), the forth group’s consisted of 3 frames bees in ruşet hive (5 frame capacity) and the fifty group consisted of queen mating hive. The pin-killing (needling process) method, tested in first year, was used for all groups to determine the effectiveness of colony population and the size of hive. Average clearance rates of the first, second, third, forth and fifth groups were 70.54%, 58.38%, 70.63%, 54.96% and 58.21% respectively. The colonies that belonged to the pin-killing (needling) group showed a higher cleaning behaviour rate than the other colonies. The density of bees in hive had an important effect on the clearance rate of colonies. The colonies of group 1 and group 3, which had the more density of bees in per unit area, had the higher clearance rate than the other groups.

Türkiye gerek florası gerekse koloni varlığı ile iyi bir arıcılık potansiyeline sahiptir. Arılar hem bitkilerin tozlaşmalarını sağlamaları hem de ürünleri ile insanlar için büyük bir öneme sahiptirler. Arı sütü 6-15 günlük yaştaki işçi arıların kafalarındaki hypopharyngeal ve mandibular salgı bezlerinden salgıladıkları, ana arı ve genç larvaları besledikleri, beyaz-krem renginde, besin değeri çok yüksek kıvamlı bir gıda maddesidir. İşçi arılar ana arı ve genç larvaları arı sütü ile beslerler. Ana arı ile işçi arılar arasında genetiksel olarak hiç bir farklılık yoktur. Diploit larvalar; 3 günlük yaştan sonra nektar- bal ve polen karışımı ile beslenirse işçi, arı sütü ile beslenirse ana arı olarak gelişir. Ana arılar 3-4 yıl işçi arılar ise 6-7 hafta kadar yaşarlar. İşçi arılar dişi olmasına rağmen yumurtalıkları gelişmemiştir ve yumurtlamazlar Kraliçe arıların yumurtalıkları mükemmel bir şekilde gelişmiştir ve günde 1500-2000 yumurta yumurtlarlar. Ana arı daha iri yapılı olmasına rağmen gelişmesini 16 günde, işçi arılar ise 21 günde tamamlarlar. İşçi ve ana arı arasındaki tüm bu farklılıkların yegane nedeni beslenme farklılıklarıdır. Arı sütünün arılar üzerindeki bu müthiş etkileri nedeniyle insanlar da kullanmaya başlamışlar ve kullanımı her geçen gün hızla yaygınlaşmaktadır.