Constata que a partir dos anos 80, intensificou-se o debate sobre as possibilidades da gestão local do desenvolvimento econômico, tanto em países europeus e norte-americanos, como na América Latina. O presente trabalho centra-se nas seguintes questões: a direção das iniciativas econômicas que vêm sendo adotadas; o lugar que as políticas de desenvolvimento local ocupam no conjunto das políticas municipais e os possíveis impactos sobre a economia local. Com o foco nos municípios de Salvador e Porto Alegre exibe as visões de desenvolvimento local assumidas pelos governos, enfatiza os enfoques dados às questões da exclusão social e da competitividade urbana e analisa as iniciativas econômicas que vêm sendo implementadas. A conclusão aponta para a necessidade de desenvolver uma metodologia que possibilite avaliar os impactos das iniciativas locais sobre o desenvolvimento do município.

The objective of this article is to analyse the effect of entrepreneurial competence and planning guidance on the relations between university students’ entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intention. In this correlational study, the empirical model was tested through Structural Equation Modeling on a sample of 2,771 university students via an online survey at a federal higher education institution in northeastern Brazil. The results point to the moderation effect only of entrepreneurial competence on the relation between entrepreneurial attitude and intention, with this relationship being stronger in students who perceive themselves as more competent. We conclude that self-perception of entrepreneurial skills strengthens the effects of positive attitudes on entrepreneurial career intention, which adds to other evidence of the importance of context and entrepreneurial education for engaging in that career.

Este artigo utiliza a Lei de Newcomb-Benford (Lei-NB), ou Lei dos Números Anômalos, para análise empírica exploratória dos valores de pregões eletrônicos ocorridos no Portal de Compras do Governo Federal brasileiro e constantes no recém-criado site “DadosAbertos.gov.br”. Nas análises foram consideradas todas as contratações de serviços no período de 2014 a 2018. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a conformidade dos pregões eletrônicos mencionados à Lei-NB, visando a verificar anomalias que representam indícios de fraude. Pode-se afirmar que há anomalia estatisticamente significante na análise do primeiro dígito dos valores licitados nos pregões eletrônicos das licitações. Constata-se também que os pregões com primeiro dígito de números 4, 8 e 9 são os que apresentaram maiores diferenças entre o valor observado e o valor esperado, fortalecendo a hipótese de que esses representam os pregões com maior incidência/probabilidade de desvios. O estudo, pioneiro nesse tipo de análise na base de dados brasileira, visa a contribuir para a literatura focada na detecção de fraudes contábeis ou financeiras no setor público. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que podem contribuir, também, para a prática da fiscalização na gestão pública. É recomendado aprofundar a análise das licitações estudadas, visando a confirmar os indícios constatados, e focar em estudos baseados na economia da corrupção nas questões que envolvem a detecção de fraudes, a fim de que a corrupção se torne inviável ou inoportuna.

This article uses the Newcomb-Benford(NB-Law), or Law of Anomalous Numbers, to analyze the values of Electronic Bidding Processes that occurred in the Purchasing Portal of the Brazilian Federal Government and contained in the newly created website "DadosAbertos.gov.br". In the analysis, all services contracted in the period from 2014 to 2018 were considered. The objective of the research was to analyze the conformity of the Electronic Auction referred to the NB-Law, aiming to verify anomalies, which represent signs of fraud. It can be said that there was a statistically significant anomaly in the analysis of the first digit of the values bid in the Electronic Bidding Tenders. It is also noted that the trading sessions with the first digit of numbers 4, 8 and 9 are those with the largest differences between expected and observed values, strengthening the hypothesis that these represent the trading sessions with the highest incidence / probability of deviations, to be tested in future studies. The study, pioneer in this type of analysis in the Brazilian data source, aims to contribute to the literature focused on the detection of accounting or financial fraud in the public sector. The results collected here can also contribute to the practice of inspection in public management. It is recommended to deepen the studies based on the Economics of Corruption, on issues that involve the detection of fraud, so that corruption becomes unviable or inopportune.

Objetiva-se diagnosticar estruturas e capacitações de Organizações de Aprendizagem (OA) em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) federal, pública e de grande porte, do Nordeste do Brasil, para promovê-las e melhorar seu desempenho e de seus servidores. A pesquisa quantitativa, do tipo survey com amostra não aleatória, usa o Dimensions of Learning Organization Questionnaire – DLOQ, e a qualitativa realiza-se por análise documental. A análise documental temática contextualiza a IES nordestina no setor educacional no mundo e no Brasil. Do total de 7638 questionários enviados aos servidores, 403 retornam e 378 são válidos. Analisam-se os dados de forma global e entre docentes e servidores técnico-administrativos, e calculam-se as correlações intra e inter fatores do DLOQ. A IES apresenta fragilidades em estruturas e capacitações de OA em nível individual e, mais fortemente, de grupo e organizacional. Estruturas e capacitações de aprendizagem do nível individual correlacionam-se mais fortemente com as do nível grupal e as deste último nível com as de nível organizacional. Docentes avaliam melhor as estruturas e capacitações em aprendizagem do que os servidores técnico-administrativos. O conjunto de resultados sinaliza que a cadeia de interinfluência dos fatores de OA da IES não está ativada em todo o seu potencial positivo e que os pesquisados não reconhecem a IES como organização de aprendizagem. Dedicando um olhar contextualizado e aberto a capturar diferenças internas às IES como organizações de aprendizagem e focando na cadeia de interinfluência de fatores de AO, a pesquisa ressalta aspectos não triviais em artigos sobre OA.

Paper aims: The aim is to analyze the role of motivation of work teams in production lines in the operational results obtained with the implementation of a Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) program in a single company. Originality: The areas of industrial production and maintenance require that human factors influencing performance be continuously investigated and cannot focus exclusively on the reliability of equipment and systems. Studies that contemplate these factors are relatively scarce but of great value for companies and society. Research method: This is an exploratory case study that used a measurement of motivation with two teams of employees who participated in the implementation of TPM, comparing it to measures of operational performance. Unstructured interviews and nonparticipant observation were also used for data collection. Main findings: The level of motivation of the team was positively associated with a change in operational performance, and the implementation of TPM had a positive impact on performance. Implications for theory and practice: This study contributes to the behavioral operations management literature by showing empirical evidence that operational results may depend on motivated workers during TPM implementation. Managers must pay attention to the factors that determine the motivation of work teams when implementing improvement programs.

The objective of this study was to advance the understanding of individual and contextual antecedents of entrepreneurship in the career trajectory of junior enterprises alumni. Semistructured interviews were done with a sample of 15 entrepreneurs. The collected contents were submitted to thematic content analysis of the individual narratives. The results show, among other aspects, that there are multiple motivations for starting a venture and that the experience in junior enterprises helps in the development of attitudes favorable to entrepreneurship. The perception of the interviewees was that university education offers few entrepreneurial training opportunities. In addition, a simplified comprehensive model based on the trajectories analyzed was formulated, which may help guide entrepreneurial educational actions in the university context.

In order to assess entrepreneurship research progress in Brazil between 2004 and 2015, it was carried out systematic literature review, in Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) database, with the term entrepreneurship. Research themes on the subject of entrepreneurship were analyzed in 105 articles published in 29 journals, which were classified in the opportunity-individual approaches (70.6%) and attributes of the entrepreneur (29.4%), the micro levels of analysis (31.5%), meso (29.3%) and macro (39.1%) and in the qualitative methods (46.0%), quantitative (24.0) joint (2.8) and theoretical (27.0%). National literature tends to converge with international literature on research topics, but tends to diverge in the focus of analysis; while in Brazil the surveys focus on the macro level, internationally this focus is shifted to the micro level. It is concluded that the field has been growing, prevailing empirical studies of the phenomenon in the context of the companies, developed based on qualitative methods.

Companies in the fashion industry, in particular small and medium-sized ones (SMEs), can benefit from managing their product development processes using tools, techniques and project management practices. The objective of this research, based on an exploratory case study, is to propose project management practices applicable to SMEs in the fashion industry, in order to assist in the management of new product development projects. A mapping of best practices was carried out. The project management literature was used to find solutions to the problems that were identified in a clothing company. These interventions are expected to bring gains in terms of cost, quality, development time and flexibility to the company, and serve to advance the use of best practices on project management in product development projects in the fashion industry.

The main objective of this article is to explore the validity of the Factors of Creativity and Organizational Innovation (FINO) Measure in a Brazilian sample and ascertain the predictive power of individual, group, and organizational factors in relation to the perceived innovation in the organization. Evidence of the validity of this measure was previously found with workers in the Basque Country and in Latin-American countries. A total of 265 workers from various organizations participated in this survey study. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and linear regression analysis with observable variables were performed by means of structural equation modeling. The CFA results indicate that the model with the best fit has eight correlated factors. The regression analysis suggests that the factors Work Characteristics, Leadership, and Personal Traits for Creativity and Innovation predict the perception of innovation in the organization.

Most of the analytical models used in Operations Management assume that managers are fully rational or at least can be induced to behave rationally. In view of the need to investigate the influence of cognitive biases on the decision-making process of project managers, this exploratory study based on self-report aims to detect evidence of the presence of two types of biases in the decisions of a small sample of project managers at a Brazilian research institute: anchoring and overconfidence, and to derive hypotheses based on this evidence. This study shows only partial results and aims to contribute to the literature on behavioral operations, exploring behavioral and cognitive factors in project management, demonstrating how biases can deter managers from making optimal decisions. Subsequently, a follow-up study based on controlled experiments will be developed to test the hypotheses derived from the preliminary evidence presented here.

Purpose This empirical and exploratory study analyzed the role of interaction with the innovation environment and of the organizational learning capacity (OLC) development stage in startups in Northeast Brazil based on the perception of managers of these companies. Design/methodology/approach This was a quantitative study. Questionnaires were sent electronically to the managers of startups in the nine states of Northeast Brazil. A total of 54 managers participated, composing a non-probabilistic sample. The data collected were analyzed by multiple linear regressions. Findings The results obtained seek to evidence whether the interaction of startups in Northeast Brazil with the startup ecosystem and the development stage in which these companies are found are associated with OLC. The results confirmed the hypothesis that higher startup development stages are positively associated with higher levels of OLC in the sample. A negative association was identified between the manufacturing startup type and the OLC level, and the level of interaction with the innovation environment was still infrequent. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to the literature on the determinants of organizational learning and to startup managers who wish to more effectively promote this learning. Implications of the findings are discussed. Practical implications This study contributes to the literature on the determinants of organizational learning and to startup managers who wish to more effectively promote this learning. Implications of the findings are discussed. Originality/value Studies on Brazilian startups are still relatively scarce, especially studies that focus on learning capacity. No other studies addressing the hypotheses tested here were found.

ResumoO estudo de casos múltiplos procurou analisar comparativamente as relações entre criatividade, inovação e características do trabalho (CT) em quatro empresas juniores (EJs) de áreas de formação distintas, de uma mesma instituição de ensino superior.Participaram do estudo somente os membros de cada diretoria.Foram utilizados a Prova de Imaginação Criativa para Adultos (PIC-A), uma medida de Inovação de Empresas Juniores (INOVEj) e uma medida de

ABSTRACT Purpose: To understand the relationship between the outcomes of individual learning (IL) of competencies and the outcomes of organizational learning (OL) of competencies, as well as the mediating role of organizational support for transfer (OST) of learning in the conversion of IL into OL. Originality/value: Measurement of OL in relation to IL since, as a rule, research on OL presupposes IL, without stepping back to measure it. Proposing socialization and codification as OL processes, which involves formal and informal learning, and tacit and explicit knowledge. Focus on converting IL results in organizations into learning of the organization, allowing a more accurate assessment of the results of organizational investments in formal and informal learning, considering the current practice of measuring T&D exclusively. Proposing the use of OST to enhance processes and results of IL and conversion of IL into OL. The use of exploratory and confirmatory modeling methods and data from two different organizations are aligned with good practice in the research field. Design/methodology/approach: The hypotheses were tested in two studies, carried out with validated scales, sent by the organizations via a link emailed to the respondents. Study 1, exploratory, involved 203 employees of a public bank and study 2, confirmatory, with 252 employees of a Civil Society Organization of Public Interest (CSOPI). Findings: The two studies show that there were IL and OL, that IL is net learning of competencies desired by the organization (IL1- IL0), that OL is the result of socialization and codification of IL applied to work, that IL predicts OL, and that OST mediates the relationship between IL and OL.

This study aims to verify the effect of implementing a lean manufacturing (LM) system on operational performance in an industrial company’s production line. There are few studies that seek to quantitatively verify the effect of implementing an LM system on the operational performance of a company, and that is the main objective of this research. In this case-based study, the LM implementation in the company studied is compared with best practices and reference models, ascertaining the degree of adherence of the company’s program. The operational performance, in terms of three key dimensions of cost, quality and lead time, is compared before and after the implementation of the LM program. By comparing the means of quantitative indicators related to the three performance dimensions, evidence was found of significant gains in the operational performance, and it was demonstrated that the company followed many of the best practices of LM implementation found in the literature. This study contributes to managers and to the literature on LM by measuring its apparent impacts on operational performance.Key words: Operational performance. Value chain. Lean manufacturing. Best practices.

Resumo: O estudo analisou as relações entre a percepção de aprendizagem de competências e de desempenho de docentes de nível superior. Além disso, testou o papel moderador do suporte organizacional na relação entre a aprendizagem individual e desempenho docente. Participaram do estudo 275 docentes de uma universidade pública federal, que responderam ao inventário de percepção de aprendizagem de competências, suporte à transferência e desempenho docente (ASOD). Foram realizadas análises confirmatórias e testados os modelos de predição e moderação. Uma das conclusões do estudo foi que a aprendizagem docente nas atividades de ensino, pesquisa, extensão e gestão predizem a percepção de desempenho em cada uma das atividades respectivamente. Não foram encontradas evidências de que o suporte modera as relações entre as aprendizagens e a percepção de desempenho docente.

À luz da Nova Economia Institucionalista (NEI) e com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, este trabalho objetiva analisar e avaliar as experiências do “Sistema para Gestão Estratégia de Inovação no Nordeste”, formulado pela Superintendência do Desenvolvimento do Nordeste (Sudene) em parceria com a Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP), e do “Eixos de Desenvolvimento, Necessidades e Prioridades de Ciência & Tecnologia (C&T) e Recursos Humanos para a Competitividade e Desenvolvimento Regional – Eixo Costeiro do Nordeste”, realizado pela Confederação Nacional da Indústria (CNI). Tais iniciativas focalizaram a problemática da inovação para a competitividade empresarial e para o desenvolvimento do Nordeste, baseando-se, em ambos os casos, em metodologias de formulação inovadoras e, no primeiro caso, propondo, também, metodologia inovadora de implementação e de gestão do sistema. As inovações metodológicas justificaram-se como formas de correção de problemas apresentadas pelas políticas de C&T no Brasil– ofertismo e vinculacionismo, por exemplo – e, conseq üentemente, como meio de superar as lacunas do sistema regional de inovação. Dados os objetivos, o caráter inovador de suas metodologias, a centralidade da inovação para a competitividade empresarial e para o desenvolvimento regional, a descontinuidade de ambos os projetos e a recente extinção da Sudene, torna-se relevante avaliá-los para identificar e aprender com os resultados parciais, desvios, estágios e obstáculos existentes.

The aim of this article was to conduct a literature review to identify in empirical studies major individual and contextual predictors of Entrepreneurial Intent (EI) among college students. The theory of planned behavior was used, taking into account research that investigates students’ attitudinal disposition to develop their own business. The search was made using the keywords “entrepreneurial intention”, in the main international and national journals of entrepreneurship, psychology, organization, and administration and also in the SciELO database. The review covered the period between 2004-2015, and 60 articles were analyzed. The analysis showed an increase of 41% in EI studies between 2004 and 2015 in different countries and continents, which shows the increasing interest in the subject. The main individual predictors are: personal traits, personal fulfillment motivation, positive attitude, self-efficacy, perceived control, internal locus of control, perception of barriers, and creativity. Contextual predictors are the families and networks of friends, which operate as role models and support for the development of the business. Regarding EE (entrepreneurial education), the results are inconclusive, especially taking into account the context. The article concludes with some limitations of the study and points to be included in the construction of a research agenda.