BACKGROUND:Research is an integral part of academic medicine. In plastic surgery, it sets the course for innovations in the specialty. The purpose of this study is to present the research performance of plastic surgeons in Germany for the period 2021/2022 and to compare it with previous periods.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The directors of plastic surgical academic institutions reported all requested/approved and rejected research applications to public, non-public and industrial funding organizations. Data was gathered within an established online database. In addition, the DFG´s public database GEPRIS was screened for plastic surgical research grants. Data was also collected regarding research infrastructure and organization at the participating centers.RESULTS:105 applications were reported to 54 different funding agencies from 20 plastic surgery centers. 37 funding applications were submitted to the major public funding agencies DFG, BMBF, BMWi, BMG, BMVg, G-BA and EU. Of these, 59,5% (22/37) were DFG, 13,5% (5/37) each BMBF and EU, 5,4% (2/37) BMWi, and 2,7% (1/37) each BMG, BMVg, and G-BA applications. The average funding volume of these proposals was 401,515 euros. Approved DFG proposals were most frequently assigned to the review board 205-27 Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery (n=10/16, 62,5%). Over time, the research registry shows an increase in the number of proposals in general and those granted. 70,0% (14/20) of participating sites had their own experimental research laboratory, while only 40,0% (8/20) had their own clinical trial center.CONCLUSION:The 2021/2022 Research Funding Report once again highlights the impressive research accomplishments of the plastic surgery community.

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Forschung ist ein integraler Bestandteil der akademischen Medizin. In der Plastischen Chirurgie stellt sie die Weichen für Innovationen des Fachgebietes. In dieser Studie soll die Forschungsleistung der Plastischen Chirurgen in Deutschland und assoziierten Kliniken im deutschsprachigen Raum für den Zeitraum 2021/2022 dargestellt und mit den Vorjahreszeiträumen verglichen werden. Material und Methoden Der E-Mail-Verteiler des Konvents der leitenden Plastischen Chirurgen der DGPRÄC wurde zur Kontaktaufnahme mit Klinikdirektor*innen genutzt. Diese wurden um Mitteilung der gestellten, in Begutachtung befindlichen, geförderten und abgelehnten Projekte jeglicher öffentlicher, nicht-öffentlicher, industrieller oder anderer Förderinstitute gebeten. Die Abfrage erfolgte über eine eigens eingerichtete Online-Datenbank und wurde ebenfalls über das Geförderte Projekte Informationssystem (GEPRIS) ermittelt. Zusätzlich wurde die Forschungsinfrastruktur an den jeweiligen Standorten abgefragt. Ergebnisse Es wurden 105 Anträge bei 54 verschiedenen Fördermittelgebern aus 20 plastisch-chirurgischen Standorten mitgeteilt. 37 Förderanträge wurden bei den großen öffentlichen Förderinstituten DFG, BMBF, BMWi, BMG, BMVg, G-BA und EU gestellt. Davon waren 59,5% (22/37) DFG, je 13,5% (5/37) BMBF und EU, 5,4% (2/37) BMWi und je 2,7% (1/37) BMG, BMVg, G-BA Anträge. Das durchschnittliche Fördervolumen der bewilligten Anträge dieser Fördermittelgeber betrug 401,515 Euro. Bewilligte DFG-Anträge waren am häufigsten dem Fachkollegium 205–27 Orthopädie, Unfallchirurgie, rekonstruktive Chirurgie zugeordnet (n=10/16, 62,5%). Im zeitlichen Verlauf der Erhebung des Forschungsregisters zeigt sich ein Anstieg der im Register gemeldeten und als gefördert angegebenen Anträge. 70,0% (14/20) der teilnehmenden Standorte verfügten über ein eigenes experimentelles Forschungslabor, während lediglich 40,0% (8/20) über ein eigenes klinisches Studienzentrum verfügten. Schlussfolgerung Der Forschungsförderungs-Bericht 2021/2022 unterstreicht erneut die beeindruckende Forschungsleistung der Gemeinschaft der Plastischen Chirurg*innen.

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Seit 2015/16 werden Forschungsantrage aus Sektionen, Abteilungen und Kliniken fur Plastische Chirurgie an den Universitatskliniken Deutschlands durch die Deutsche Gesellschaft der Plastischen, Rekonstruktiven und Asthetischen Chirurgen (DGPRAC) gesammelt, ausgewertet und 2-jahrlich veroffentlicht. Ziel ist es, dadurch die Forschungsleistung der Plastischen Chirurgen in Deutschland offentlich sichtbar zu machen, um eine Starkung der akademischen Forschungsstruktur in Deutschland zu erreichen. Material und Methoden Die Leiter der universitaren Einrichtungen wurden uber den Verteiler der DGPRAC kontaktiert und um Mitteilung der beantragten, in Begutachtung befindlichen, abgelehnten und geforderten Projekte jeglicher offentlicher, nicht-offentlicher, industrieller oder anderer Forderinstitute in die eigens dafur erstellte online Datenbank gebeten: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe6F5xmTyw-k7VKJx_2jkPA4LBXsA0sgBGMrC3rx_4bHj6uzQ/viewform?usp=sf_link . Zusatzlich wurden Antrage uber die offentliche Datenbank der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), dem Geforderte Projekte Informationssystem (GEPRIS), identifiziert. Ergebnisse Eine Gesamtzahl von 41Forderantragen aus den offentlichen Forderinstituten DFG, BMBF, BMWi, BMG und EU konnte identifiziert werden. 75,6% (31/41) der Antrage waren zum Zeitpunkt der Datenerhebung bereits bewilligt, davon waren 77,4% (24/31) DFG-, 9,7% (3/31) BMWi-, 6,5% (2/31) EU- und je 3,2% (1/31) BMBF- und BMG-Antrage. Das durchschnittliche Fordervolumen entsprach 358301Euro. Die bewilligten DFG-Antrage waren in 50,0% (12/24) der Falle ausschlie ss lich bzw. unter anderem dem Fachkollegium 205-27Orthopadie, Unfallchirurgie, rekonstruktive Chirurgie zugeordnet. Schlussfolgerung Mithilfe der vorgelegten Forschungsforderungsberichte des Konvents der leitenden universitar tatigen Plastischen Chirurgen der DGPRAC erfolgt die Veroffentlichung der exzellenten gemeinschaftlichen akademischen Forschungsleistung in unserem Fachgebiet. Abstract Background Since 2015/16 the DGPRAC collects, evaluates and publishes the research activities of academic sections, departments and clinics for plastic surgery at university hospitals in Germany, in order to raise the awareness of plastic surgical research performance. Materials and Methods The directors of plastic surgical academic institutions were contacted via the DGPRAC and asked to report any requested/approved and rejected research applications to public, non-public and industrial funding organizations. Data was collected in our previously established online database: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe6F5xmTyw-k7VKJx_2jkPA4LBXsA0sgBGMrC3rx_4bHj6uzQ/viewform?usp=sf_link . In addition, applications were identified via the DFGs public database GEPRIS. Results A total of 41 funding applications to the public funding institutes DFG, BMBF, BMWi, BMG and EU were identified. 75.6% (31/41) of the applications had already been approved at the time of data collection, of which 77.4% (24/31) were DFG, 9.7% (3/31) were BMWi, 6.5% (2/31) were EU and 3.2% (1/31) were BMBF or BMG applications. The average funding amounted to 358301Euro. In 50.0% (12/24) of the cases, the approved DFG proposals were assigned to the subject review board 205-27Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery. Conclusion The continuous publication of plastic surgical research funding reports submitted by the convention of university plastic surgeons of the DGPRAC portraits the excellent, collaborative research activity in the field of plastic surgery.

Objective: Over the past decade numbers of bilateral mastectomy have increased steadily. As a result, bilateral breast reconstruction is gaining popularity. The presented study compares complications and outcomes of unilateral and bilateral DIEP free-flap breast reconstructions using the largest database available in Europe. Methods: Female breast cancer patients (n = 3926) receiving DIEP flap breast reconstructions (n = 4577 free flaps) at 22 different centers were included in this study. Free flaps were stratified into two groups: a unilateral(UL) and a bilateral- (BL) breast reconstruction group. Groups were compared with regard to surgical complications and free flap outcome. Results: Mean operative time was significantly longer in the BL group (UL: 285.2 +/- 107.7 vs. BL: 399.1 +/- 136.8 min; p < 0.001). Mean ischemia time was comparable between groups (p = 0.741). There was no significant difference with regard to total (UL 1.8% vs. BL 2.6%, p = 0.081) or partial flap loss (UL 1.2% vs. BL 0.9%, p = 0.45) between both groups. Rates of venous or arterial thrombosis were comparable between both groups (venous: UL 2.9% vs. BL 2.2%, p = 0.189; arterial: UL 1.8% vs. BL 1.2%, p = 0.182). However, significantly higher rates of hematoma at the donor and recipient site were observed in the UL group (donor site: UL 1.1% vs. BL 0.1%, p = 0.001; recipient site UL 3.9% vs. BL 1.7%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The data underline the feasibility of bilateral DIEP flap reconstruction, when performed in a setting of specialized centers.

Introduction: Several patient-related factors have been identified with regard to the safety and efficacy of breast reconstructions. This study analyzed the largest series of microsurgical breast reconstructions in Germany using deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps, with a focus on the impact of patient body mass index (BMI). Patients and methods: A total of 3911 female patients underwent 4561 free DIEP flap breast reconstructions across 22 different centers. The cases were divided into five groups using World Health Organization BMI criteria: underweight group (BMI <18.5 kg/m(2)), normal weight/control group (BMI: 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)), overweight group (BMI: 25-29.9 kg/m(2)), moderately obese group (BMI: 30-34.9 kg/m(2)), and severely obese group (BMI >= 35 kg/m(2)). Surgical complications were accounted for and the five BMI groups were then compared. Results: Overall, there was no significant difference regarding the rate of partial- and total flap loss between all BMI groups (p > 0.05). However, overweight and obese patients showed significantly higher rates of postoperative infections at the donor and recipient sites than the control group (donor site infections: overweight 0.6%; moderately obese 0.9%; severely obese 2.4% vs control 0.1%; all p<0.01; recipient site infections: overweight 0.5%; moderately obese 0.8%; severely obese 1.4% vs control 0.1%; all p < 0.05). The rate of medical complications also differed significantly between groups, with the highest rates in moderately and severely obese women (moderately obese: 8.4%; severely obese: 13.0% vs. control: 5.1%; p < 0.01). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that successful free tissue transfer can be achieved even in an underweight and severely obese population with acceptable risk for complications. (C) 2021 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Seit 2015/16 werden Forschungsanträge aus Sektionen, Abteilungen und Kliniken für Plastische Chirurgie an den Universitätskliniken Deutschlands durch die Deutsche Gesellschaft der Plastischen, Rekonstruktiven und Ästhetischen Chirurgen (DGPRÄC) gesammelt, ausgewertet und 2-jährlich veröffentlicht. Ziel ist es, dadurch die Forschungsleistung der Plastischen Chirurgen in Deutschland öffentlich sichtbar zu machen, um eine Stärkung der akademischen Forschungsstruktur in Deutschland zu erreichen. Material und Methoden Die Leiter der universitären Einrichtungen wurden über den Verteiler der DGPRÄC kontaktiert und um Mitteilung der beantragten, in Begutachtung befindlichen, abgelehnten und geförderten Projekte jeglicher öffentlicher, nicht-öffentlicher, industrieller oder anderer Förderinstitute in die eigens dafür erstellte online Datenbank gebeten: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe6F5xmTyw-k7VKJx_2jkPA4LBXsA0sgBGMrC3rx_4bHj6uzQ/viewform?usp=sf_link. Zusätzlich wurden Anträge über die öffentliche Datenbank der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), dem Geförderte Projekte Informationssystem (GEPRIS), identifiziert. Ergebnisse Eine Gesamtzahl von 41 Förderanträgen aus den öffentlichen Förderinstituten DFG, BMBF, BMWi, BMG und EU konnte identifiziert werden. 75,6 % (31/41) der Anträge waren zum Zeitpunkt der Datenerhebung bereits bewilligt, davon waren 77,4 % (24/31) DFG-, 9,7 % (3/31) BMWi-, 6,5 % (2/31) EU- und je 3,2 % (1/31) BMBF- und BMG-Anträge. Das durchschnittliche Fördervolumen entsprach 358 301 Euro. Die bewilligten DFG-Anträge waren in 50,0 % (12/24) der Fälle ausschließlich bzw. unter anderem dem Fachkollegium 205–27 Orthopädie, Unfallchirurgie, rekonstruktive Chirurgie zugeordnet. Schlussfolgerung Mithilfe der vorgelegten Forschungsförderungsberichte des Konvents der leitenden universitär tätigen Plastischen Chirurgen der DGPRÄC erfolgt die Veröffentlichung der exzellenten gemeinschaftlichen akademischen Forschungsleistung in unserem Fachgebiet.

Purpose Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) at the time of mastectomy is gaining popularity, as studies show no negative impact on recurrence or patient survival, but better aesthetic outcome, less psychological distress and lower treatment costs. Using the largest database available in Europe, the presented study compared outcomes and complications of IBR vs. delayed breast reconstruction (DBR). Methods 3926 female patients underwent 4577 free DIEP-flap breast reconstructions after malignancies in 22 different German breast cancer centers. The cases were divided into two groups according to the time of reconstruction: an IBR and a DBR group. Surgical complications were accounted for and the groups were then compared. Results Overall, the rate of partial-(1.0 versus 1.2 percent of cases; p = 0.706) and total flap loss (2.3 versus 1.9 percent of cases; p = 0.516) showed no significant difference between the groups. The rate of revision surgery was slightly, but significantly lower in the IBR group (7.7 versus 9.8 percent; p = 0.039). Postoperative mobilization was commenced significantly earlier in the IBR group (mobilization on postoperative day 1: 82.1 versus 68.7 percent; p < 0.001), and concordantly the mean length of hospital stay was significantly shorter (7.3 (SD3.7) versus 8.9 (SD13.0) days; p < 0.001). Conclusion IBR is feasible and cannot be considered a risk factor for complications or flap outcome. Our results support the current trend towards an increasing number of IBR. Especially in times of economic pressure in health care, the importance of a decrease of hospitalization cannot be overemphasized.

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Dieser Bericht baut auf dem Forschungsförderungsbericht aus dem Jahr 2015/2016 auf und dient der Bekanntmachung der akademischen Forschungsleistung an Universitätskliniken der Deutschen Gesellschaft der Plastischen, Rekonstruktiven und Ästhetischen Chirurgen (DGPRÄC) für 2017/2018. Berücksichtigt wurden dabei Anträge auf Forschungsförderung bei öffentlichen, nicht-öffentlichen, oder industriellen Förderinstituten. Gleichzeitig soll dieser Beitrag die Anzahl der genehmigten Anträge bei der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) aus der Plastischen Chirurgie, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie gegenüberstellen. Innerhalb dieser jüngeren selbständigen chirurgischen Fachgebiete wird das seit 1993 eigenständige Fachgebiet Plastische Chirurgie in der Fächerstruktur der DFG Fachkollegien immer noch nicht separat geführt, sondern dem Fachkollegium Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie zugeordnet. Dies führt dazu, dass die Anträge nicht fachspezifisch begutachtet werden. Material und Methoden Die bereits etablierte online Datenbank (https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1OaSnHyKTysawiI1ie7kfUxDf7nJP_RiTUJTsnb7Mq_E/edit) zur Meldung beantragter/ genehmigter und abgelehnter Forschungsförderungen öffentlicher, nicht-öffentlicher und industrieller Förderinstitutionen wurde fortgeführt und gemeinsam mit den Anträgen aus der öffentlichen Datenbank der DFG, das Geförderte Projekte Informationssystem (GEPRIS), ausgewertet. Ergebnisse Im Vergleich zum letzten Beobachtungszeitraum von 2015/2016 nahm die Anzahl genehmigter Anträge aus öffentlichen Einrichtungen (DFG, BMBF, BMWi, EU) von 23 auf 27 zu. Aus den chirurgischen Fachgebieten Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie waren jeweils 9 bzw. 8 DFG Anträge im GEPRIS dokumentiert, wohingegen 19 Bewilligungen von Anträgen der Plastischen Chirurgie identifiziert wurden. Schlussfolgerung Durch die vorliegende Auswertung konnten wir zeigen, dass das Aufkommen an Anträgen aus dem Fachgebiet der Plastischen Chirurgie denen der anderen eigenständig geführten Fachgebiete entspricht, wobei sogar eine höhere Anzahl zu verzeichnen ist. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist die gegenwärtige Subsummierung seitens der DFG, auch im Hinblick auf eine öffentlich nachvollziehbare Vergabe der Fördersummen, nicht zu akzeptieren.

INTRODUCTION:This report serves to publicize the research of academic institutions for Plastic Surgery within our society DGPRÄC in 2017/2018 and sequels the funding report of 2015/2016. Applications to public, non-public, or industrial funding organizations were evaluated. At the same time, this paper analyses the number of approved DFG applications in Plastic, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery in the GEPRIS system. Contrary to these specialties, Plastic Surgery is not classified as an independent speciality in the subject structure of the DFG review board which results in a lack of transparency concerning Plastic Surgery research work. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Our previously established online database (https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1OaSnHyKTysawiI1ie7kfUxDf7nJP_RiTUJTsnb7Mq_E/edit) for reporting requested/ approved and rejected research applications to public, non-public and industrial funding organizations was continued and evaluated together with applications found in the DFG's public database GEPRIS. RESULTS:Compared to the previous year's report, the number of approved applications from public research organizations (DFG, BMBF, BMWi, EU) was increased from 23 to 27. We identified 19 approved DFG applications from Plastic Surgery, as compared to 9 and 8 applications by Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, respectively. SUMMARY:Taken together, this data emphasizes that our research is at least equal to that of other newly established surgical specialties within the framework of the DFG. Accordingly, we hope to provide further arguments for an adaptation of the DFG review boards subject structure to include Plastic Surgery as an independent specialty as it is for Vascular Surgery and Thoracic Surgery.

Zusammenfassung Forschungsförderung spielt neben dem Impactfaktor eine zentrale Rolle in der Bewertung der akademischen Leistung und Qualität eines Forschers, einer Klinik oder auch eines Fachgebiets. Umfang und Qualität der Forschung im Fachgebiet der Plastischen Chirurgie sind meist nur wenig bekannt, sodass selbst große Förderinstitutionen manchmal keinen detaillierten Überblick über die Forschungsförderung haben. Alte Strukturen werden in einigen Fällen daher neuen Bedürfnissen nicht rechtzeitig angepasst, sodass oft auch in der Begutachtung ein Bias durch fachfremde Begutachtung durch andere chirurgische Fachgebiete entstehen kann. Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags des Konvents der leitenden universitär tätigen Plastischen Chirurgen der Deutschen Gesellschaft der Plastischen, Rekonstruktiven und Ästhetischen Chirurgen (DGPRÄC) ist es, eine Übersicht in Form eines Registers zu etablieren, um damit die gemeinschaftliche akademische Leistung künftig sichtbar zu machen. Gleichzeitig soll für die Jahre 2015 und 2016 ein Forschungsförderungs-Bericht publiziert werden.

INTRODUCTION:The diagnostic value of clinical tests and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for the investigation of triangular fibrocartilaginous complex (TFCC) lesions is not clear due to a lack of clinical data.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed 908 patients who underwent clinical tests and arthroscopy for suspected TFCC lesions at our institution. Further, MR imaging findings concerning the TFCC were gathered. We correlated clinical tests and MR imaging findings with those obtained during arthroscopy, and we calculated sensitivity, specificity, as well as positive and negative predictive values.RESULTS:In the whole cohort, the positive predictive values of all clinical tests were low, ranging from 0.53 to 0.55. The ulna grinding test had the highest sensitivity, but lowest specificity. Sensitivity and specificity of the ulnar fovea sign and magnetic resonance imaging were similar, ranging from 0.73 to 0.76, and from 0.41 to 0.44, respectively. To some degree, the diagnostic value seemed to depend on the Palmer class of TFCC lesion.CONCLUSIONS:According to this study, clinical tests and MR imaging findings are of very limited diagnostic value for the diagnosis of TFCC lesions.

PURPOSE:This study was designed to compare technical parameters during ablation as well as CT 3D rendering and histopathology of the ablation zone between sphere-enhanced microwave ablation (sMWA) and bland microwave ablation (bMWA).METHODS:In six sheep-livers, 18 microwave ablations were performed with identical system presets (power output: 80 W, ablation time: 120 s). In three sheep, transarterial embolisation (TAE) was performed immediately before microwave ablation using spheres (diameter: 40 ± 10 μm) (sMWA). In the other three sheep, microwave ablation was performed without spheres embolisation (bMWA). Contrast-enhanced CT, sacrifice, and liver harvest followed immediately after microwave ablation. Study goals included technical parameters during ablation (resulting power output, ablation time), geometry of the ablation zone applying specific CT 3D rendering with a software prototype (short axis of the ablation zone, volume of the largest aligned ablation sphere within the ablation zone), and histopathology (hematoxylin-eosin, Masson Goldner and TUNEL).RESULTS:Resulting power output/ablation times were 78.7 ± 1.0 W/120 ± 0.0 s for bMWA and 78.4 ± 1.0 W/120 ± 0.0 s for sMWA (n.s., respectively). Short axis/volume were 23.7 ± 3.7 mm/7.0 ± 2.4 cm(3) for bMWA and 29.1 ± 3.4 mm/11.5 ± 3.9 cm(3) for sMWA (P < 0.01, respectively). Histopathology confirmed the signs of coagulation necrosis as well as early and irreversible cell death for bMWA and sMWA. For sMWA, spheres were detected within, at the rim, and outside of the ablation zone without conspicuous features.CONCLUSIONS:Specific CT 3D rendering identifies a larger ablation zone for sMWA compared with bMWA. The histopathological signs and the detectable amount of cell death are comparable for both groups. When comparing sMWA with bMWA, TAE has no effect on the technical parameters during ablation.

Background. Large, ulcerating tumors of the chestwall require soft tissue coverage after resection. Depending on size and location usually a latissimus dorsi flap, VRAM or TRAM flap is performed. In very large defects a combined split ALT/TFL flap is a new technique for coverage. Patient and methods. In 4 patients (3 female, 1 male) a soft tissue reconstruction after tumor resection was necessary. The mean age was 54 years. The mean size of the defect was 656 cm(2). Results. In 3 cases the coverage was achieved by a unilateral, and in 1 case a bilateral combined split ALT/TFL flap. All flaps healed without flap loss. The donor site closure was achieved primarily in 2 cases. In 3 cases a small split skin graft was needed. Conclusion. The indications for combined split ALT/TFL flaps are large defects which cannot be covered by one single flap. The combination of these two long-known flaps on one pedicle is a new development.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the local behavior of intracutaneously injected human mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue and to determine the safety of a cell-based cutaneous therapy in an animal model.Human mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue were labeled with red fluorochrome and were injected intradermally in the paravertebral area in immunodeficient BalbC/nude mice (n = 21). As a control, cell culturemedium was injected in the same fashion on the contralateral paravertebral side. Four weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after the injection, seven mice were examined. In addition to the injected areas, the lungs, kidneys,spleens, and brains were excised and processed for histological evaluation. Serial sections of all the tissues excised were evaluated for adipose tissue-derived stem cells by means of emerging red fluorescent signals.The injected stem cells could be detected throughout the follow-up period of 1-year at the injection site within the dermal and subcutaneous layers. Bar these areas, adipose tissue-derived stem cells were not found in any otherexamined tissue at any point in time. The adipose tissue-derived stem cells showed a slow transition to deeper subcutaneous adipose tissue layers and, in part, a differentiation into adipocytes. No ulceration, inflammation, ortumor induction could be detected.The present study shows that intracutaneously injected human mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue stay at the site of injection, survive in vivo for up to 1-year, and partly differentiate into adipocytes. This is a new andvery important finding needed to safely apply therapies based on such stem cells in fat transplants in regenerative medicine.

Große ulzerierende Tumoren im Thoraxbereich erfordern nach Resektion eine plastische Deckung. Je nach Lokalisation und Ausdehnung erfolgt dies meist durch gestielte Latissimus dorsi, oder VRAM/TRAM-Lappen. Bei besonders großen Defekten steht mit dem kombinierten Split-ALT/TFL-Lappen eine neue Technik zur Defektdeckung zur Verfügung.

Background This retrospective study was performed to verify the advantages and disadvantages of the free lateral arm flap for defect reconstruction of the forearm and hand. Patients and Methods Between 2001 and 2010, 21 patients underwent defect coverage of the forearm and hand with the free lateral arm flap. The mean patient age was 48 years (17–78). The results concerning defect origin, flap size, pedicle length, operative time, revisions of the anastomoses or other complications, donor site morbidity, and length of hospital stay were evaluated. Results The majority of defects were caused by infections or chronic wounds. The defects were localized at the forearm in 6 cases and at the hand in 15 cases. The flap width ranged from 3 to 8 cm, and the length was from 5 to 20 cm. All flaps survived. Only in one case, a revision of the anastomosis was necessary. Primary closure of the donor site was possible in all patients. No complications occurred during the healing procedure. The majority of the patients were satisfied with the aesthetic result at the recipient site as well as at the donor site. Conclusion The free lateral arm flap is a very reliable option for defect coverage at the forearm and hand for small and medium size defects. A satisfactory aesthetic appearance, an excellent tissue quality, and frequent primary donor site closure are great advantages for selecting this flap.

The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical and radiological outcomes of dorsal intercarpal ligament capsulodesis for the treatment of static scapholunate instability at a minimum follow-up of four years. A total of 59 patients who underwent capsulodesis for this condition were included in a retrospective analysis after a mean of 8.25 years (4.3 to 12). A total of eight patients underwent a salvage procedure at a mean of 2.33 years (0.67 to 7.6) and were excluded. The mean range of extension/flexion was 88° (15° to 135°) and of ulnar/radial deviation was 38° (0° to 75°) at final follow-up. The mean Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score and Mayo wrist scores were 28 (0 to 85) and 61 (0 to 90), respectively. After significant improvement immediately post-operatively (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively), the mean scapholunate and radiolunate angles deteriorated to 70° (40° to 90°) and 8° (-15° to 25°), respectively, at final follow-up, which were not significantly different from their pre-operative values (p = 0.6 and p = 0.4, respectively). The mean carpal height index decreased significantly from 1.53 (1.38 to 1.65) to 1.48 (1.29 to 1.65) indicating progressive carpal collapse (p < 0.001); 40 patients (78%) had radiological evidence of degenerative arthritis.Capsulodesis did not maintain carpal reduction over time. Although the consequent ongoing scapholunate instability resulted in early arthritic degeneration, most patients had acceptable long-term function of the wrist.

Background: Composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) is a newly emerging field of transplantation. Immunological research in CTA has been intensified due to the recent clinical success of hand and face transplantation.Establishing immunological tolerance by adoptive transfer of ex vivo cultured tolerance-inducing cell types is of growing interest. Transplant acceptance-inducing cells (TAICs) are a type of deactivated immunoregulatory macrophages.Methods: A total of 36 allogeneic hind limb transplantations in the rat were performed in six groups. Group A (Lewis (LW) -> Brown-Norway (BN)) received Lewis-donor-derived TAICs locally (i.m.). Group B (LW -> BN) received Lewis-donor-derived TAICs systemically (i.v.) and group C (Sprague Dawley (Sp-D) -> BN) served as a control group receiving Lewis-donor-derived TAICs systemically (i.v.). Groups D (LW -> BN), E (LW -> BN), and F (BN -> BN) also served as control groups with group D receiving no immunosuppression, group E receiving FK506 and prednisolone and group F receiving no immunosuppression with isograft transplantations (BN -> BN). The timing of rejection was assessed by clinical observation and histological findings.Results: Rejection of the allogeneic hind limb occurred on average 7.7 days after transplantation in group A and 7.4 days in group B. Rejection was significantly delayed (Log-rank test, p < 0.01) compared to groups C and D, where rejection of the allogeneic hind limb occurred on average 5.8 days and 5.6 days after transplantation. No rejection was seen in groups E and F.Conclusion: For the first time, TAICs have been applied in a CTA model and demonstrated a significant immunosuppressive effect. Even though the immunomodulatory effect is relatively modest, the results of this study justify subsequent research on TAIC therapy to improve experimental and clinical outcome after CTA. (c) 2012 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

INTRODUCTION:Thermal injuries with more than 20% of burned body surface area (BSA) lead to systemic shock with generalised oedema in addition to local tissue destruction. This condition, known as burn injury, is caused by immunmodulative mediators whose individual significance is not known in detail. We present an experimental model where plasma of burned animals (burn plasma) is transmitted to healthy animals, to trigger burn iniury without performing direct burn trauma.MATERIAL AND METHODS:The systemic oedema is measured by extravasation of fluorescent albumin in mesenterial venules of Wistar rats. In addition, leukocyte-endothelial interactions ("leukocyte rolling and sticking") is examined.RESULTS:The systemic capillary leak is induced by both direct thermal trauma as well as by infusion of burn plasma. This is evident even after plasma dilution (1% in Ringer's lactate) of the burn plasma. In addition, topical therapy for burned animals (donors) with cerium nitrate led to a significant reduction of plasma extravasation in receiver animals. In addition, systemic antioxidant therapy with high-dose vitamin C of receiver animals, led to a significant reduction of the capillary leak. Leukocyte-endothelial interactions are not significantly affected in either case.CONCLUSION:In summary, for the first time a reliable model of burn injury has been established, which eliminates mediator-independent effects. In addition, our studies show that antioxidant therapy with high doses of vitamin C and topical treatment with cerium nitrate both reduce the systemic capillary leak in receiver animals. Their positive influence could therefore soon be integrated in clinical treatment algorithms.

Today an increasing number of patients seek aesthetic improvement through minimally invasive procedures, and interest in soft tissue augmentation and filling agents is rising steadily. However, a thorough understanding of these substances, their indications and contraindications, as well as a profound knowledge of different implantation techniques is essential to provide an aesthetically pleasing result for the patient. This presentation gives an overview of the current injectable biomaterials, their major indications, advantages and disadvantages, with focus on collagen, hyaluronic acid, poly-l-lactide, and autologous fat grafting.