目的:研究齐墩果酸(OA)对脾虚水湿内停模型小鼠的水液代谢功能的影响及其作用机制.方法:将60只SPF级昆明种小鼠随机分为空白组(10只)和造模组(50只),造模组采用"久居湿地+饮食失节"的方法建立脾虚水湿内停模型.模型复制成功后将造模组小鼠随机分为模型组、自然恢复组和OA低、中、高剂量组,共5组,每组10只.空白组、模型组、自然恢复组给予10mL·kg-1·d-1生理盐水灌胃,OA低、中、高剂量组分别给予50、100、200 mg·kg-1·d-1 OA灌胃,持续给药7d.造模和给药前后观察小鼠的一般体征,测定小鼠体质量,使用烘干法测定小鼠粪便含水率和组织含水量,称量法检测水负荷指数和脏器系数,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测尿D-木糖排泄量、血清胃泌素(GAS)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、抗利尿激素(AVP)、肾髓水通道蛋白1(AQP1)及肝脏Na+-K+-ATP酶等指标,并将OA与检测指标中的ALB、IL-6、AQP1和Na+-K+-ATP酶进行分子对接.结果:与空白组比较,模型组小鼠毛发疏松、消瘦、倦怠懒惰、动作迟缓,体质量增长缓慢、自主活动次数减少、粪便含水率和组织含水量增加、水负荷小鼠体质量下降值减少、各脏器系数明显升高(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);尿D-木糖排泄量明显减少,血清中GAS、TP、ALB和HDL-C的水平均明显降低,TC、LDL-C、AVP、IL-6的水平均明显升高,肝脏Na+-K+-ATP酶表达明显降低,肾髓AQP1表达明显升高(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).与模型组比较,OA各剂量组的一般体征明显好转,体质量增长加快,自主活动次数增加,粪便含水率和组织含水量降低,水负荷小鼠体质量下降值增加、各脏器系数明显降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);尿D-木糖排泄量增加,血清中GAS、TP、ALB和HDL-C的水平升高,TC、LDL-C、AVP、IL-6的水平降低,肝脏Na+-K+-ATP酶表达明显升高,肾髓AQP1表达明显降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).OA各剂量组的各指标恢复效果均强于自然恢复组.分子对接结果也表明OA与ALB、IL-6、AQP1和Na+-K+-ATP酶具有较强的结合亲和力.结论:OA能改善脾虚水湿内停小鼠的水液代谢异常,为其潜在临床新用途提供科学依据.

Objective To provide a basis for the selection of new varieties of Tianma（Gastrodiae Rhizoma）by comparing the genetic diversity, genetic structure and genetic information among the four forms of medicinal G. elata, i.e. Wutianma（G. elata Bl. f. glauca S.Chow）, Lvtianma（G. elata Bl. f. viridis Makino）, Hongtianma（G. elata Bl. f. elata S. Chow）; Huangtianma（G. elata Bl. f. flavida S.Chow）. Methods A total of 40 flowering stems of different G. elata forms were collected from different cultivating areas. 15 pairs of SSR primers with high polymorphism were selected from 80 pairs of primers by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and combined simple sequence repeat（SSR）molecular markers with HRM（high-resolution melting）technique. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR amplification, counting genetic diversity parameters and analyzing population genetic structure of these flowering stems samples were performed. The cluster analysis was further conducted in combination with HRM data from the 40 Tianma samples. Results A total of 114 alleles were detected in the 15 pairs of SSR primers with an average of 7.6 alleles per pair. The mean of observed heterozygosity（Ho）, expected heterozygosity（He）and Nei’s diversity index（Nei）were 0.9813, 0.8019 and 0.8121（n = 15）, respectively.It indicated that the genetic diversity of Tianma was rich. The genetic diversity of the four forms of medicinal Tianma was different with the descending order of Wutianma, Lvtianma, Hongtianma and Huangtianma. These 40 Tianma samples were classified into four genotypes based on SSR-HRM data. Most Tianma samples for specific form were distributed in same genotype. The genetic distances between the four Tianma forms were different. Wutianma was the closest genetic distance to Lvtianma and the farthest genetic distance to Huangtianma. Conclusion The accuracy of SSR-HRM technique for Tianma genotyping is better than that of SSR technique. The genetic information in the four Tianma forms is different, but gene exchange phenomenon exists among them. The relationship between Wutianma and Lvtianma is closest, next to Hongtianma, and farthest to Huangtianma. These differences of genetic information among four forms of Tianma should be used for the selecting of new varieties.

天麻具有悠久的药用和食用历史，具有抗癫痫、抗疲劳、改善学习记忆等多种药理作用。根据化合物的母核结构、官能团种类及连接方式，对天麻中的化学成分进行了系统分类。首先，根据化合物的母核结构，将天麻中的化学成分分为芳香族类、甾体类、有机酸及酯类、糖类及其苷类、氨基酸类和其他类等6大类；再根据官能团及其连接方式，将芳香族类化合物分为单苄基类、parishin类、多芳香取代糖苷类、多苄醚类、聚苄基类、杂原子芳香族类、呋喃芳香族类和其他芳香族类8小类。主要介绍了每类化合物的结构特征和药理作用，以期为深入研究天麻的化学成分、药理作用及其构效关系、新产品开发奠定基础。

目的 提出一种基于"外来药物-药理作用-传统中药-药性"关联网络研究外来药物药性的新方法,并以玛咖为例对其进行阐释与验证.方法 首先整理玛咖药理作用的综述类文献,建立玛咖与其药理作用的关联,并查找相关的用药规律分析文献,建立玛咖的药理作用与传统中药的关联,再以《中国药典》或《中药学》教材为依据获取传统中药与药性的关联,最终构建出"玛咖-药理作用-传统中药-药性"关联网络,进一步从该网络中解拆出每个药理作用的"药理作用-传统中药-药性"关联网络并进行网络拓扑分析,再通过处理相关数据计算玛咖的药性占比.结果 本研究的结果与现有研究基本一致,玛咖的药性应为:性微温,味甘、辛、苦;归肾、肝、脾经;功效是滋肾益精,疏肝止痛,健脾补气.结论 本研究所提出的方法有助于外来药物中药化的进程,为拓展中药新资源提供了一种新思路.

目的:基于网络药理学预测厚朴-广藿香药对治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎(Corona Virus Dis-ease 2019,COVID-19)的作用靶点及信号通路,探讨其作用机制.方法:通过TCMSP,BATMAN-TCM数据库查询和相关文献检索筛选出厚朴-广藿香的活性成分及对应作用靶点,经过Uniprot数据库查询靶点对应的基因,将其标准化;利用GeneGards数据库对COVID-19相关靶点进行预测,将两者进行映射,借助ImageGP在线平台绘制维恩图,筛选药物疾病共有靶点;利用Cytoscape3.7.2软件构建"药物-活性成分-疾病靶点"网络;通过STRING数据库获取靶标蛋白相互作用网络关系并利用Cytoscape3.7.2软件构建PPI网络.最后利用Metascape数据库进行GO富集分析与KEGG通路分析,借助ImageGP在线平台对结果进行可视化处理.结果:根据条件筛选得到厚朴-广藿香活性成分15个和227个潜在作用靶点,其中与COVID-19共同靶点47个.GO功能富集分析得到GO条目4854个(P<0.01),其中生物过程(Biological Process,BP)条目4178个,细胞组分(Cellular Component,CC)条目311个,分子功能(Molecular Function,MF)条目365个.KEGG通路富集筛选得到187条信号通路(P<0.01),涉及IL-17信号通路、NF-κB信号通路、MAPK信号通路、细胞凋亡等.结论:厚朴-广藿香中主要潜在活性成分桉树醇、厚朴酚、葛花苷元、槲皮素等可能作用于IL6、TNF、TP53、CASP3、MAPK1、IL10、CCL2等关键靶点调节多条信号通路,从而起到治疗COVID-19的作用.

目的 建立藏药川西合耳菊Synotis solidaginea中黄酮类和酚酸类药效成分含量测定的方法,并评价不同产地、不同部位样品的质量.方法 建立HPLC测定川西合耳菊中芦丁、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、烟花苷、紫云英苷、绿原酸、异绿原酸A、异绿原酸C8种有效成分含量的方法.从西藏、四川和青海收集了19份川西合耳菊药材样品;将全株植物分成茎、叶、花3个部位,测定这些样品中8种成分的含量.运用主成分分析法比较不同产地药材中的药效成分,以及植物不同部位之间和同一部位不同产地样品之间差异.结果 这8种药效成分在40min内分离良好,加样回收率为96.3％～104.9％.19份川西合耳菊样品中3种酚酸类成分的总量为5种黄酮类成分总量的2.77倍.酚酸类以绿原酸的含量最高(9.74 mg/g);黄酮类以芦丁的含量最高(3.65 mg/g).根据药效成分含量和主成分分析,四川道孚的样品质量更好.植物3个部位之间比较,总量以叶中含量最高,占59.15％～65.61％;其次为花,占30.52％～34.31％;茎中的含量最低,仅占3.9％～5.7％.金丝桃苷在花中的含量高,而其他7种成分在叶中的含量最高.结论 建立的方法能准确测定川西合耳菊中5种黄酮类和3种酚酸类成分的含量,评价其质量.川西合耳菊叶和花的药效成分含量高,应于开花期、叶茂盛时采集,并防止叶和花脱落,以保证质量.

20(S)‐Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is a basic aglycone of the dammarane triterpenoid saponins and exerts antidepressant‐like effects on behaviour in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) and in rat olfactory bulbectomy depression models. However, the antidepressant effects of PPD have not been studied thoroughly. The objective of the present study was first to investigate the effect of PPD on depression behaviours induced by chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) in mice. The results showed that CSDS was effective in producing depression‐like behaviours in mice, as indicated by decreased responses in the social interaction test, sucrose preference test, TST, and FST, and that this effect was accompanied by noticeable alterations in the levels of oxidative markers (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and lipid peroxidation) and monoamines (5‐HT and NE) in the hippocampus and serum corticosterone levels. Additionally, western blot analysis revealed that CSDS exposure significantly downregulated BDNF, p‐TrkB/TrkB, p‐Akt/Akt, and p‐mTOR/mTOR protein expression in the hippocampus. Remarkably, chronic PPD treatment significantly ameliorated these behavioral and biochemical alterations associated withCSDS‐induced depression. Our results suggest that PPD exerts antidepressant‐like effects in mice with CSDS‐induced depression and that this effect may be mediated by the normalization of neurotransmitter and corticosterone levels and the alleviation of oxidative stress, as well as the enhancement of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR‐mediated BDNF/TrkB pathway.

目的:建立HPLC测定乌梅中17种氨基酸含量的方法,并评价不同产地乌梅的质量.方法:从四川、云南、福建收集了22批乌梅样品;建立异硫氰酸苯酯(PITC)柱前衍生HPLC测定乌梅中17种氨基酸含量的方法;色谱柱为Titank C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-0.1 mol/L醋酸钠溶液,梯度洗脱;流速:1.0 mL/min;进样量:5μL;柱温:35℃;检测波长:254 nm.主成分分析法比较不同产地样品之间的差异.结果:17种氨基酸色谱峰分离情况良好,平均加样回收率为95.26％～ 104.45％.四川、云南和福建乌梅样品中17种氨基酸含量经主成分分析的综合得分分别为0.294、1.788、-1.133.结论:建立的方法能准确测定乌梅中氨基酸的含量.以氨基酸含量为指标,云南乌梅的质量优于福建,福建优于四川.

目的 研究不同时间睡眠干扰(sleep interruption,SI)后所致小鼠体力疲劳,为缓解体力疲劳产品研发提供稳定可靠的动物模型.方法 使用滚筒睡眠干扰仪对小鼠进行不同时间(5,10,15 d)睡眠干扰后,对各组动物进行转轮实验和负重游泳实验,并测定小鼠肝糖原和血清尿素氮的含量.结果 转轮实验中,睡眠干扰5 d、10 d、15 d组与对照组比较时间有减少的趋势,但差异无显著性(P>0.05).睡眠干扰10 d、15 d组与空白对照组比较,负重游泳力竭时间明显缩短(P<0.05,P<0.01),下沉次数和下沉总时间显著减少(P<0.01,P<0.01).干扰5 d、10 d、15 d组与对照组比较,肝糖原含量明显降低(P<0.05);干扰10 d、15 d组与对照组比较,血清尿素氮含量显著升高(P<0.05).结论 滚筒法睡眠干扰(滚动参数3 r/min,每转1 min,间隔1 min)10,15 d均可引起小鼠的体力疲劳行为学表现.

以成都中医药大学"医药结合、系统中药、明理致用,实践创新"的培养理念和创新工作为基础,提炼归纳出中药学硕士专业学位培养的新模式.建立"促进学科链对接产业链、着力3+3创新实践培养"的体系思路;深化"校-企""校-管"双导师培养形式;以提升职业素养和岗位技能为导向,创新"3+3"基地实践模式;建立"一中心二阶段多元化"的高层次创新应用型人才培养体系.成都中医药大学中药学硕士专业学位培养模式符合国家相关政策,体现了中医药的工匠精神,符合当今中药学应用型人才的培养需要.

目的:以活性成分总生物碱的含量为指标,评价中国川芎和日本川芎的质量.方法:通过优化总生物碱的提取方法、酸性染料条件和检测波长,建立酸性染料比色法测定川芎总生物碱含量的方法;并从不同产地收集、测定了16份中国川芎和8份日本川芎样品中总生物碱的含量.结果:中国川芎总生物碱的含量(0.511％,n=16)比日本川芎(0.331％,n=8)高54.4％,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).其中,中国川芎根茎药材(0.524％,n=13)比日本川芎根茎药材(0.372％,n=6)高40.9％;中国川芎饮片(0.454％,n=3)比日本川芎饮片(0.211％,n=2)高115.2％.从四川彭州采集的中国川芎药材中总生物碱的含量(0.542％,n=3)比日本川芎(0.378％,n=4)高46.1％.结论:无论是根茎药材,还是加工成饮片,中国川芎中总生物碱的含量均显著高于日本川芎.以总生物碱为指标,中国川芎的质量优于日本川芎.建立的酸性染料比色法可准确测定中国川芎和日本川芎根茎药材及饮片中总生物碱的含量.

目的:建立川明参药材中无机营养元素含量的测定方法,并比较不同产地川明参的营养元素.方法:从四川省8个川明参种植县/区采集23份川明参样品,根据地理位置,将其产地分为A(德阳市中江县和成都市金堂县和青白江区)、B(绵阳市盐亭县)、C(南充市阆中市、巴中市巴州区、广元市苍溪县)、D(达州万源市)产区.采用微波消解-ICP-MS及AAS法测定这些样品中13种营养元素的含量,并运用主成分分析法及t检验法对其所含元素进行评价.结果:23份川明参样品中13种无机营养元素的含量均在一定范围之内,平均值分别为0.026 μg/g(Li)、6.105μg/g(B)、7.638 μg/g(Mn)、56.139 μg/g(Fe)、0.031 μg/g(Co)、3.695μg/g(Zn)、0.041 μg/g(Se)、7.252 μg/g(Sr)、0.022 μg/g (Mo)、115.417 μg/g (Na)、785.896 μg/g (Mg)、7 356.074 μg/g (K)、282.205μg/g(Ca).尽管这些不同产地样品中元素的含量不同,但各自的指纹图谱却呈相似的波浪式分布态势.t检验结果表明,Se、Zn、Mn、Co、Fe、Mg元素的含量在4个产区之间有显著性差异,其余元素含量差异不显著.主成分分析法提取前6个因子的综合得分模型为F=3.295C1+2.341C2 +2.131C3+1.362C4+1.061C5 +0.734C6.4个产区综合得分由高至低的顺序为D(0.917,n=5)、A(0.180,n=6)、B(-0.381,n=3)、C(-0.400,n=9).结论:ICP-MS法和AAS法能够快速、准确的测定川明参中营养元素的含量.以无机营养元素为指标,川明参的营养价值较高,为滋补佳品.从无机营养元素的含量考虑,D产区(达州万源市)为栽培川明参的适宜产区.

目的 探讨川天麻性状变量和品质变量的关系,建立性状-产量参数与品质多指标的多元数学函数模型.方法 参考《中国药典》(2015版,一部),测定川天麻性状-产量参数与品质指标,并利用SPSS 19.0和Matlab分析软件对数据进行分析处理.结果 建立了川天麻性状-产量参数与品质多指标的多元线性和非线性函数模型.在多元线性分析中,天麻素含量指标可以通过两个变量因子线性表示;在多元非线性分析中,川天麻的各品质指标与总长度、中段周长/长度比值有着很显著的关联性.结论 基于不同的数学函数模型,我们可以对天麻块茎中的天麻素、醇浸出物、多糖及水浸出物的含量进行预估,本研究为系统建立川天麻品质评价体系提供了基础理论依据,为天麻资源的综合开发利用提供了基础研究资料.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">成都中医药大学中药学学科创建于1956年,1959年率先在全国开办中药学专业。在办学实践和不断探索过程中,针对现代中医药行业发展的多元化人才需求,形成了"系统中药、医药结合、实践创新、明理致用"的人才培养理念,构建了"三层次三类型多元化中药学人才培养体系"。文章围绕人才培养体系的构建和实践,就理念、模式、培养方案、教育教学改革、课程体系、推广应用情况等内容进行探讨,以期对中药学多元化人才培养起到积极的引领示范作用。</span>

Tianma(the tuber of Gastrodia eleta) is a widely used and pricy Chinese herb. Its counterfeits are often found in herbal markets, which are the plant materials with similar macroscopic characteristics of Tianma. Moreover, the prices of Winter Tianma(cultivated Tianma) and Spring Tianma(mostly wild Tianma) have significant difference. However, it is difficult to identify the true or false, good or bad quality of Tianma samples. Thus, a total of 48 Tianma samples with different characteristics(including Winter Tianma, Spring Tianma, slice, powder, etc.) and 9 plant species 10 samples of Tianma counterfeits were collected and analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MS techniques. After optimizing the procedure of sample preparation, chromatographic and mass-spectral conditions, the HPLC chromatograms of all those samples were collected and compared. The similarities and Fisher discriminant analysis were further conducted between the HPLC chromatograms of Tianma and counterfeit, Winter Tianma and Spring Tianma. The results showed the HPLC chromatograms of 48 Tianma samples were similar at the correlation coefficient more than 0.848(n=48). Their mean chromatogram was simulated and used as Tianma HPLC fingerprint. There were 11 common peaks on the HPLC chromatograms of Tianma, in which 6 main peaks were chosen as characteristic peaks and identified as gastrodin, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, parishin A, parishin B, parishin C, parishin E, respectively by comparison of the retention time, UV and MS data with those of standard chemical compounds. All the six chemical compounds are bioactive in Tianma. However, the HPLC chromatograms of the 10 counterfeit samples were significantly different from Tianma fingerprint. The correlation coefficients between HPLC fingerprints of Tianma with the HPLC chromatograms of counterfeits were less than 0.042 and the characteristic peaks were not observed on the HPLC chromatograms of these counterfeit samples. It indicated the true or false Tianma can be identified by either the similarity or characteristic peaks on HPLC fingerprint. Comparing the Winter Tianma with Spring Tianma showed that the HPLC chromatograms of 15 winter Tianma samples and 11 spring Tianma samples were similar at the mean correlation coefficient of 0.908. But the intensity of the characteristic peaks were different between the two groups of Tianma samples, i.e. the intensity of gastrodin, paishin A and C in winter Tianma was lower than those in spring Tianma. The Winter Tianma and Spring Tianma could be discriminated by either the Fisher unstandardized discrimination function or Linear discriminant function, based on the peak areas of 11 common peaks on HPLC chromatograms as variate.

Objective:To develop a method to rapidly identify two medicinal raw materials which came from the rhizome and root of Notopterygium incisum and Notopterygiumfranchetii by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR).Methods:Eight Notopterygium incisum samples and four Notopterygium franchetii samples were collected from different cultivation areas in Sichuan of China.The one-dimensional infrared(1 D-FTIR)spectra and two-dimensional correlation infrared (2D-FTIR)spectra of these herbal samples were detected in the range of 4 000 ～ 400 cm-1.Their second derivative infrared (SD-FTIR)spectra were also calculated.The intensities of peaks on the 1D-FTIR,2D-FTIR and SD-FTIR spectra were quantified.The whole spectrum profiles,characteristic peaks between the two herbs were further compared and analyzed by spectral analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) method.Results:The 1D-FTIR spectra between the two herbs were different.The peaks at 1 739 (Absorbance was 0.39),1 428 (0.46),1 076 (0.91),863 (0.03) and 764(0.08)cm-1 were obvious in Notopterygium incisum,while they were not observed in Notopterygiumfranchetii.Meanwhile,the peaks at 1 719 (0.34),1 607 (0.50),1 444 (0.41),823 (0.06) and 775 (0.07) cm-1 were obvious in Notopterygium franchetii,but they were not found in Notopterygium incisum.In the PCA dendrogram,Notopterygium incisum and Notopterygiumfranchetii were distributed in different areas.Comparing the SD-FTIR spectra found that their spectra were obviously different.The peaks located at 1 747,1 468,1 159,1 078 and 988 cm-1 in Notopterygium incisum were significantly stronger than those in Notopterygium franchetii,while the peaks located at 1 627,1 605,1 568,1 512 and 1 269 cm-1 in Notopterygiumfranchetii were significantly stronger than those in Notopterygium incisum.Moreover,the number,position and interrelation of auto-peaks on the 2D-FTIR spectra were different between the two herbs.There were 13 auto-peaks in Notopterygium incisum,while nine auto-peaks in Notopterygiumfranchetii in the range of 850 ～ 1 500 cm-1.Conclusion:On the basis of the 1D-FTIR,SD-FTIR and 2D-FTIR spectra,the two medicinal raw materials of Notopterygium incisum and Notopterygium franchetii can be quickly differentiated.The quantitative comparison of peak intensity,PCA and cluster analysis has increased the objectivity and accuracy of the identification.

目的:冬天麻和春天麻为不同季节采收的天麻,其价格差异很大,但质量差异不明确.为此,以天麻中具有中枢神经系统活性的天麻素、对羟基苯甲醇和腺苷为指标,评价两者质量.方法:从不同产地收集了15份冬天麻和11份春天麻样品,采用HPLC-DAD法测定这3种有效成分的含量;结合性状鉴定和统计学分析,比较冬天麻和春天麻的质量,分析天麻中这3种有效成分的含量与天麻不同商品规格和产地之间的相关性.结果:春天麻中天麻素和对羟基苯甲醇的含量之和(0.766％,n=11)为冬天麻(0.628％,n=15)的1.22倍;春天麻中天麻素、对羟基苯甲醇和腺苷的含量之和(0.787％,n=11)为冬天麻(0.653％,n=15)的1.21倍;但这两项指标均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).四川产天麻中天麻素和对羟基苯甲醇之和以及这3种有效成分的含量之和均高于陕西和云南.结论:建立的HPLC法可准确测定天麻中天麻素、对羟基苯甲醇和腺苷的含量.以这3种有效成分含量为指标,春天麻质量优于冬天麻,四川产天麻的质量优于陕西和云南.

Objective:To assess the quality of Paeonia lactiflora roots by the multi-bioactive chemical markers.Methods:Total of66 Paeonia lactiflora roots samples were collected from Sichuan,Zhejiang and Anhui. An UHPLC-DAD technique was employed to quantify the contents of paeoniflorin,hydroypaeoniflorin,abiflorin,pentagalloyglucose,benzoypaeoni-florin,paeonol,gallic and catechin in these samples. These chemical components in each sample were also calculated by Principal Component Analysis( PCA).Results:The eight bioactive components were good separated in 30 min on the UHPLC chromatogram. The correlation coefficients between peak areas and concentration for these bioactive components were not less than 0. 9990( n = 6). And their recoveries were in the range of95. 94% ~ 100. 92%( n = 6). The contents of paeoniflorin in Paeonia lactiflora roots samples collected from Sichuan,Zhejiang and Anhui were 40. 54 mg / g( n = 23),33. 09 mg / g( n = 22) and 39. 47 mg / g( n = 21),respectively. The values of PCA were 0. 4435( n = 23)for the samples from Sichuan,0. 0122( n = 22) for the samples from Zhejiang and- 4. 9850( n = 21) for the samples from Anhui. The content of paeoniflorin in biennial,triennial,four-year,five-year and six-year old Paeonia lactiflora roots were 24. 76( n = 2),37. 17( n= 16),37. 83( n = 23),39. 71( n = 16) and 37. 45 mg / g( n = 7),respectively.Conclusion:The developed method can accurately quantify the content of principal bioactive compounds in Paeonia lactiflora roots. The quality is various among Paeonia lactiflora roots cultivated in Sichuan, Zhejiang and Anhui on the basis of paeoniflorin content or the value of PCA,but the quality of Paeonia lactiflora roots cultivated in Sichuan is the best. Moreover, it is suggested Paeonia lactiflora roots should be harvested in third or fourth year based on the output and quality.

Danggui, Agelicae Sinensis Radix, is a widely used Chinese herb to enrich blood, but its quality cannot be effectively assessed by the known chemical markers such as ferulic acid, ligustilide, polysaccharides, etc. A new bioassay was therefore developed to quantify the Enrich-Blood Bioactivity (EBB) for the quality assessment of Danggui raw materials. Danggui sample was first extracted with ethanol and water, respectively. Then the ethanolic extract and water extract were mixed as a test sample to quantify the amount of EBB by mice experiment. The blood deficiency mode in mice was developed by intraperitoneal injecting cyclophospharmide and phenylhdrazine hydrochloride. The quantity of red blood cell was chosen as EBB marker. Cyclosporine A was chosen as a control substance. EBB in analytes was quantified by the amount reaction of parallel line analysis (3, 3') method. The results indicated that the reliability test for quantifying EBB was passed through and the measured value was valid. The analytes showed the significant EBB (P < 0.05). The correlation coefficient was 0.9984 (n=5) between the amount of cyclosporine A (0.035-0.56 g x kg(-1)) and the increased number of red blood cell. The relative standard deviation (RSY) on the amount of EBB was estimated to be 6.15% (n = 6) by six replicated tests, and the confidence limit rate was 26.68% (n = 6). Five Danggui samples, which were collected from different cultivation areas with various morphological characters, showed the variety of EBB in the range of 21.95-44.16 U x g(-1). It is concluded that the developed method is accurate to quantify the EBB of Danggui raw materials, and is therefore suitable to assess its quality.

当归具有治病、防病、保健等多种用途.国内外学者大量研究结果表明,当归含有苯酞类及其二聚体、酚酸类、多糖、黄酮等多种类型的化学成分.当归及其主要化学成分对机体的造血系统、循环系统、神经系统、免疫系统等多个系统具有药理作用；其主要生物活性包括造血、抗血小板聚集、抗心律失常、抗辐射、抗肿瘤、镇痛、调节平滑肌以及对脏器的保护作用.本文对当归的化学成分和药理作用研究进行了综述,以期为当归的临床应用和人们日常生活保健、药品及健康产品的开发提供依据.