We propose a partially write-assisted two read/write dual-port (DP) SRAM in 28-nm technology. Our write-assist circuit with metal-coupled capacitance can generate negative bitline bias which is flexibly adjustable to any bit-word configurations. By effectively applying assist biases only to sub-blocks with margin-less bits, power overhead can be reduced with Vmin improved. A test chip including proposed 512-kb DP SRAM macro is designed using 28-nm HKMG technology, from which we successfully observed 1-GHz operation at 1.0 V, 190 mV Vmin improvement, and 21% power reduction compared to a conventional assist.

Histamine H1 antagonists have hypnotic, appetite-promoting, and sedative side effects. Most second-generation antipsychotics have potent antagonistic effects on histamine H1 receptor (H1R). Positron emission tomography (PET) can measure the H1R occupancy (H1RO) in vivo, although there are no reports regarding antipsychotics.

Histamine H1 antagonists have hypnotic, appetite-promoting, and sedative effects. The affinities of various antidepressants for histamine receptors have only been partially determined in vitro and animal study. Positron emission tomography (PET) can clarify the in vivo dynamics of antidepressants at histamine receptors.

Molecular imaging in neuroscience is a new research field that enables visualization of the impact of molecular events on brain structure and function in humans. While magnetic resonance-based imaging techniques can provide complex information at the level of system, positron emission tomography (PET) enables determination of the distribution and density of receptor and enzyme in the human brain. Previous studies using [(11)C]raclopride and [(11)C]FLB457 revealed that the release of neuronal dopamine was increased in human brain by psychostimulants or reward stimuli. Following on from these previous [(11)C]raclopride studies, we examined whether the levels of neuronal release of histamine might change [(11)C]doxepin binding to the H1 receptors under the influence of physiological stimuli. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of quantitative measurement of [(11)C]doxepin binding between morning and afternoon and between resting and attentive waking conditions in healthy human subjects. There was a trend for a decrease in [(11)C]doxepin binding during attentive calculation tasks compared with that in resting conditions, but the difference (less than 10%) was not significant. Similarly, the binding potential of [(11)C]doxepin in the cerebral cortex was slightly higher in the morning than that in the afternoon, but it was also insignificant. These data suggest that higher histamine release during wakefulness could not decrease the [(11)C]doxepin binding in the brain. This study confirmed the reproducibility and reliability of [(11)C]doxepin in the previous imaging studies to measure the H1 receptor.

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) have been observed in a substantial proportion of patients with schizophrenia. Although several studies have investigated the comorbidity associated with OCS in schizophrenia, few case studies are available regarding cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for the treatment of OCS of patients within this group. This paper describes a case report in which OCS emerged gradually after the remission of positive symptoms of schizophrenia. The CBT involved psycho education and case formulation, cognitive restructuring, exposure and response prevention (EPR), and behavioural experiments. Improvement in the compulsive behaviours led to a greater insight regarding the relationship between OCS and past experience of positive symptoms (e.g. hallucinations). The cognitive characteristics of the patient were discussed in light of current cognitive models of OCD.

Journal of Gastroenterology and HepatologyVolume 22, Issue 2 p. 283-284 Successful surgical resection of a huge gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the third portion of the duodenum Akihiko Takeda, Akihiko Takeda Division of Digestive Surgery and Clinical Pathology, Funabashi Municipal Medical Center,Search for more papers by this authorYoshiji Watanabe, Yoshiji Watanabe Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorToshitaka Uehara, Toshitaka Uehara Department of Academic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, andSearch for more papers by this authorTakashi Maruyama, Takashi Maruyama Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorHajime Tanaka, Hajime Tanaka Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorHiroshi Matsuzaki, Hiroshi Matsuzaki Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorHideaki Arima, Hideaki Arima Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorToshiyuki Natsune, Toshiyuki Natsune Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorHidehiro Kudo, Hidehiro Kudo Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorAtsutaka Sakama, Atsutaka Sakama Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorNoriyuki Tohnosu, Noriyuki Tohnosu Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorHideaki Shimada, Hideaki Shimada Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorHirotoshi Sato, Hirotoshi Sato Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this author Akihiko Takeda, Akihiko Takeda Division of Digestive Surgery and Clinical Pathology, Funabashi Municipal Medical Center,Search for more papers by this authorYoshiji Watanabe, Yoshiji Watanabe Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorToshitaka Uehara, Toshitaka Uehara Department of Academic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, andSearch for more papers by this authorTakashi Maruyama, Takashi Maruyama Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorHajime Tanaka, Hajime Tanaka Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorHiroshi Matsuzaki, Hiroshi Matsuzaki Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorHideaki Arima, Hideaki Arima Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorToshiyuki Natsune, Toshiyuki Natsune Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorHidehiro Kudo, Hidehiro Kudo Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorAtsutaka Sakama, Atsutaka Sakama Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorNoriyuki Tohnosu, Noriyuki Tohnosu Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this authorHideaki Shimada, Hideaki Shimada Division of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, JapanSearch for more papers by this authorHirotoshi Sato, Hirotoshi Sato Division of Digestive Surgery andSearch for more papers by this author First published: 29 January 2007 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04484.xCitations: 5Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. References 1 Uehara K, Hasegawa H, Ogiso S. Diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the duodenum (Japanese). Geka 2001; 63: 1058–61. 2 Akkus MA, Kismet K, Erel S, Adibelli MA, Pulat H. Case report: duodenal stromal tumor. Acta Gastroenterol. Belg. 2005; 68: 95–7. 3 Takahashi T, Noguchi T, Takeno S, Uchida Y, Shimoda H, Yokoyama S. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the duodenal ampulla: report of a case. Surg. Today 2001; 31: 722–6. 4 Sakamoto Y, Yamamoto J, Takahashi H et al. Segmental resection of the third portion of the duodenum for a gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a case report. Jpn J. Clin. Oncol. 2003; 33: 364–6. 5 Lin SC, Huang MJ, Zeng CY, Wang TI, Liu ZL, Shiay RK. Clinical manifestation and prognostic factors in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors. World J. Gastroenterol. 2003; 9: 2809–12. 6 Nowain A, Bhakta H, Pais S, Kanel G, Verma S. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Clinical profile, pathogenesis, treatment strategies and prognosis. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2005; 20: 818–24. Citing Literature Volume22, Issue2February 2007Pages 283-284 ReferencesRelatedInformation

The preparation by magnetron sputtering of p-type semiconducting thin films consisting of a multicomponent oxide composed of Cu oxide and Co oxide is described. The electrical, optical, and crystallographical properties of films deposited by rf magnetron sputtering using (Cu2O)1−x–(CoO)x powder targets were strongly dependent on not only the deposition condition but also the calcination condition as well as the CoO content of the targets. These properties drastically changed in films prepared with a CoO content around 90 mol %. All prepared films, i.e., CoO content in the range from 0 to 100 mol %, were found to be p type, or positive hole conductors, as evidenced from the Seebeck effect: Resistivities in the range from 103 to 10−3 Ω cm. A hole concentration on the order of 1016 cm−3 and a mobility on the order of 10−1 cm2/V s were obtained in an amorphous multicomponent oxide film prepared with a CoO content of 50 mol %. Fabricated thin-film pin heterojunction diodes consisting of a p-type high-resistance multicomponent oxide combined with undoped ZnO and n-type Al-doped ZnO exhibited a rectifying current–voltage characteristic.

PURPOSETo characterize a novel gene, deleted in polyposis 1-like 1 (Dp1l1), which is expressed in the retina.METHODSA systematic screening by subtraction hybridization of the cDNAs from mouse retina and mouse brain was performed to obtain novel genes expressed in the retina. In situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and intracellular localization analyses were performed to investigate the expression patterns of Dp1l1. The chromosomal location of Dp1l1 was determined by radiation hybrid mapping. Bioinformatics was used for homology analysis.RESULTSA novel gene, Dp1l1, was expressed abundantly in the retina. It encodes a 201-amino-acid protein, and the encoded protein is designated mouse TB2-like 1. It is highly homologous to the mouse TB2, which is encoded by deleted in polyposis 1 (Dp1). In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analyses showed that Dp1l1 mRNA and the TB2-like 1 were localized richly in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). TB2-like 1 was present in the cytoplasm in a punctate pattern. Dp1l1 was mapped to mouse chromosome 10 by radiation hybrid mapping.CONCLUSIONSTB2-like 1 is a membrane protein that belongs to the YOP1/TB2/DP1/HVA22 family, and it probably plays an important role in intracellular membrane trafficking in RGCs, based on the properties of other homologous proteins.

This report describes the effect of ZnO:Al (AZO) film deposition conditions on the photovoltaic properties of AZO–Cu2O heterojunction devices. The devices were fabricated by depositing a transparent conducting AZO thin film on a Cu2O sheet that functions as the active layer as well as the substrate. The photovoltaic properties of these devices were considerably dependent on deposition temperature, irrespective of the deposition method used to fabricate them. Maximum efficiencies of 1.2 and 1.0% measured under AM2 solar illumination were obtained in AZO/Cu2O devices fabricated using AZO films deposited at a temperature around 200°C by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and r.f. magnetron sputtering (r.f.MS), respectively. The improvement in properties resulting from an increase in the deposition temperature up to about 200°C is attributed to an improvement of crystallinity in the AZO films; the degradation resulting from an increase over 250°C is related to an increase of resistivity in Cu2O.

The preparation of low resistivity polycrystalline Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films on glass substrates by a pulsed laser deposition method is described, including a description of conditions necessary to obtain low resistivity on the order of 1×10−4 Ω cm. The resistivity of transparent conducting AZO films obtained was affected by both the target sintering conditions and the deposition conditions. A decrease in carrier concentration associated with a increase in deposition temperature is ascribed to an increase of oxygen content in the films, resulting from enhancement of oxidation on the substrate surface. An increase in Hall mobility associated with increases of either the deposition temperature or film thickness is attributed to imperfections of the ZnO lattice, as evidenced by improvement of the crystallinity such as an increase of crystallite size. It was found that the mobility is also greatly influenced by a combination of ionized impurity scattering and grain boundary scattering or dislocation scattering. In particular, carrier transport, even in AZO films with high mobility above approximately 30 cm2/V s as well as a carrier concentration on the order of 1020–1021 cm−3, was found to be affected by imperfections of the ZnO lattice.

The relationships between the pressure in the tracheal tube cuff with the components of inflation gases and inhalation gases were examined by the simulation technique based on the gas transmission theory. We demonstrated that nitrous oxide gas in the inhalation gases transmitted in through cuff material so as to increase the cuff pressure, whereas carbon dioxide gas in the inflation gases moved out through cuff material and exerted to decrease the cuff pressure. These results show that a certain amount of carbon dioxide gas may compensate the transmission of nitrous oxide gas and keep the cuff pressure constant during nitrous oxide anesthesia.

This report describes the electrical and photovoltaic properties in heterojunction devices consisting of a cuprous oxide (Cu2O) sheet and a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) thin film, such as In2O3, ZnO, In2O3:Sn (ITO), ZnO:Al (AZO) or AZO–ITO (AZITO) multicomponent oxide, prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Undoped In2O3–Cu2O heterojunctions prepared by PLD exhibited ohmic current–voltage (I–V) characteristics. The ZnO–Cu2O and AZO–Cu2O devices exhibited better rectifying I–V characteristics and photovoltaic properties than the ITO–Cu2O devices. It was found that the obtainable I–V characteristics and photovoltaic properties were considerably affected by the TCO film deposition conditions. An open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.4 V, a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 7.1 mA/cm2, a fill factor (F.F.) of 0.4 and an energy conversion efficiency (η) of 1.2% were obtained in an AZO–Cu2O device under AM2 solar illumination. The VOC, JSC, F.F. and η obtained in AZITO–Cu2O heterojunctions increased as the Zn/(Zn+In) atomic ratio was increased.

An inexpensive oxide heterojunction solar cell, consisting of a transparent conducting ZnO thin film deposited on a Cu2O sheet prepared by oxidizing copper at a high temperature, has been demonstrated. High-energy conversion efficiencies over 1% were obtained in Al-doped ZnO (AZO)/Cu2O devices fabricated using AZO thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) or r.f. magnetron sputtering. An open-circuit voltage of 0.41 V, a short-circuit current density of 7.13 mA/cm2, a fill factor of 0.42 and an energy conversion efficiency of 1.21% were obtained in a PLD-AZO/Cu2O device under AM2 solar illumination. The high efficiency of AZO/Cu2O devices is attributed to Cu2O sheets with excellent crystallinity and the low damage resulting from AZO depositions at low temperature.