This study aims to observe the therapeutic effect of Gushen Shetuo decoction on Parkinson's disease (PD), so as to provide reference for clinical practice. In order to demonstrate the clinical value of Gushen Shetuo Decoction, we selected 80 patients with PD for the study. Among them, 38 patients received the Gushen Shetuo decoction (research group), and 42 patients received Levodopa and Benserazide Hydrochloride Tablets (control group). There was no difference in Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS) scores between the research group and the control group (P>0. 05). However, the scores of motor complications in Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) and those of Drooling Severity and Frequency Scale (DSFS) in the research group were lower than those in the control group (P<0. 05). Subsequently, we established PD model rats, and after Gushen Shetuo Decoction gavage treatment, we found that rats in the intervention group had increased mobility (P<0. 05), as well as notably improved pathological damage of substantia nigra and striatum. Also, the expression of PERK, ATF4 and CHOP in the brain tissues of rats in the intervention group was lower than those in the control group (P<0. 05). These results confirm that Gushen Shetuo decoction effectively improved the drooling of patients with PD and showed high safety. Copyright: (c) 2023 by the C.M.B. Association. All rights reserved.

Background: Substantia nigra (SN) free water has been suggested as a good surrogate marker in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, its usefulness for diagnosing prodromal PD (pPD) and monitoring disease progression warrants further validation. Objective: The aim was to investigate SN free water values across prodromal and clinical stages of PD. Methods: Four groups were enrolled in this study: 48 healthy controls (HC), 43 pPD patients, 50 de novo PD (dnPD) patients, and 49 medicated PD (mPD) patients. Based on diffusion tensor images, free water maps were calculated, and SN free water values were extracted from the anterior SN (ASN) and posterior SN (PSN). The SN free water values were compared among the four groups, and associations between free water and clinical symptoms were explored. The distinguishing power of PSN free water was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Followup was performed for 14 pPD patients. Results: PSN free water in the pPD group was significantly higher than that in the HC group and significantly lower than that in the dnPD group. Surprisingly, the mPD group showed decreased PSN free water compared to the dnPD group. There was a positive correlation between motor symptoms and PSN free water in the pPD and dnPD groups. Longitudinal analysis showed a significant increase in PSN free water in pPD patients over time. Conclusions: The PSN free water increased from prodromal to early clinical stages, but the trend might be reversed in late disease stages. This biphasic trend should be considered when applying this marker in future studies. (c) 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

INTRODUCTION:Depression is a common comorbidity in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and treatment of depression can significantly support PD management. Zishen pingchan granules (ZPG), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, may help ameliorate depressive symptoms in PD patients. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of ZPG remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of ZPG on serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in PD patients with depression. METHODS:Eighty PD patients treated with pramipexole but still experiencing mild to moderate depression symptoms were randomly allocated to a group receiving 12-week ZPG treatment (n = 40) or placebo (n = 40). The Hamilton Depression Scale 17 items (HAM-D-17) was utilized to evaluate changes in depressive symptoms from baseline over 12 weeks, while the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scales (UPDRS) part 3 was employed to assess changes in motor symptoms over the same duration. Serum levels of BDNF, IL-1β, IL-6, CRP, and TNF-α were measured at baseline and post-treatment. RESULTS:Seventy-one participants completed the study. Following treatment, both groups showed significantly reduced HAMD scores. The placebo group demonstrated a decrease in BDNF levels, while the ZPG group showed an increase in IL-6 levels post-treatment. In the examination of the group-time interaction, the ZPG group exhibited a greater decrease in HAMD scores and increase in IL-6 levels compared to the placebo group. Conversely, the placebo group showed a greater decrease in BDNF levels compared to the ZPG group. However, no significant group differences were observed in UPDRS part 3 change scores or serum levels of IL-1β, CRP, or TNF-α change from baseline. CONCLUSION:ZPG may potentially ameliorate depressive symptoms in PD patients, with the potential mechanism involving mitigation of reductions in serum BDNF level and an increase in IL-6 level.

目前对急性脑梗死(ACI)病因病机的研究较少,其辨证分型多是参照"中风"分型进行的,大体上可分为教材、标准、临床分型3类,针对ACI的临床分型又多是参照标准分型进行的,这些分型差异较大.辨证相关研究主要集中在辨证分型与实验室检查等的相关性方面,得出的结论不尽一致,其结果也有待进一步论证.当前,需要对ACI的病因病机、辨证分型进一步深入研究.在此基础上,开展其辨证相关研究,有可能实现ACI的宏/主观辨证与微/客观辨证的有机统一,为中医辨证走向微观化、客观化打开一扇窗,使中、西医在这一点上衔接起来,有着重要的理论和实践意义.

目的 对比观察帕郁方联合针刺和单独针刺治疗帕金森病抑郁临床疗效.方法 将70例符合入组标准的帕金森病抑郁患者随机分为针药组、针刺组各35例,2组均进行抗震颤、抗抑郁、针刺治疗,针药组加予帕郁方口服.对比观察2组治疗前后HAMD、SDS、UPDRSⅠ、UPDRSⅡ、PDQ-39(精神健康维度)评分.结果 2组HAMD、SDS、UPDRSⅠ、UPDRSⅡ、PDQ-39(精神健康维度)评分治疗前后比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),针药组优于针刺组.结论 帕郁方合针刺治疗不仅有效减轻患者抑郁症状,而且改善运动症状.

Background and objective Zishen Pingchan granule (ZPG), a traditional Chinese herbal recipe for treating Parkinson’s disease (PD), is usually used as an add-on drug with some antiparkinsonian drugs in China. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ZPG combined with pramipexole in the treatment of depression in PD (dPD). Methods A 12-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study on ZPG was performed on a total of 200 patients who were treated with pramipexole but still had mild to moderate depressive symptoms. Patients were randomly divided into ZPG ( n = 100) or placebo ( n = 100). The primary effective result was the mean change from the baseline on the Hamilton Depression Scale 17 items (HAM-D-17) over 12 weeks and the clinical efficacy rate. Secondary endpoints were the mean change from the baseline in the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale Part III (UPDRS III), Parkinson's quality of life scale (PDQ-8), and Parkinson's disease sleep scale (PDSS-2) over 12 weeks. Results After 12 weeks of treatment, ZPG significantly reduced the mean [95% confidence interval] HAMD score vs. placebo (− 1.43 scores [− 2.50, − 0.36]; p = 0.009). The clinical remission rate and responders of the ZPG group were higher than those of the placebo (46.1% vs. 31.0%; p = 0.041; 34.8% vs. 18.4%; p = 0.014). A significant improvement in the PDSS-2 score was also observed in the ZPG group compared with that in the placebo group (− 3.56 scores [− 5.77, − 1.35]; p = 0.002). A total of 7 patients (7.1%) in the ZPG group had mild adverse events (AEs) vs 9 patients (9%) in the placebo group. No severe AEs were observed in either group. The randomization and controlled clinical study revealed that ZPG was effective, safe, and well-tolerated. Conclusion ZPG combined with pramipexole further reduced the depressive symptoms and improved the sleeping quality of PD patients. Trial registration The protocol was retrospectively registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, Unique identifier: ChiCTR1800019942, date of registration: December 9, 2018; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=30432

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences in functional connectivity(FC) between the hypothalamus and whole brain regions in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and healthy volunteers based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and investigate the mechanism of acupuncture on treatment of POI.METHODSTwelve POI patients were recruited to the acupuncture group and 12 healthy volunteers to the control group. Patients in the acupuncture group received acupuncture at two groups of acupoints alternatively, including Baihui (GV20), Zhongwan (CV12), Shenting (GV24), Shenshu (BL23), Ciliao（BL32） and so on, 30 min once time, 3 times per week for 12 weeks. The state of patients was evaluated by modified Kupperman Index (KI) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS). Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) were tested by microparticle-based chemiluminescence. B ultrasonography was used to detect the antral follicle count (AFC). Meanwhile, POI patients and healthy volunteers underwent the rs-fMRI examination before and after acupuncture treatment and after enrollment, respectively. With hypothalamus as the region of interest, the differences in FC between the hypothalamus and other brain regions in POI patients and healthy volunteers and the changes of FC between the hypothalamus and whole brain regions in POI patients before and after acupuncture were observed.RESULTSThe SAS and KI scores of pre-treatment POI patients were higher than those in the control group （P<0.01）.In compa-rison with those pre-treatment, FSH, LH, and SAS and KI scores of POI patients decreased after treatment, while AFC increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the FC of the left hypothalamus with left central sulcus, right middle occipital gyrus, and left paracentral lobule increased, but decreased with left globus pallidus of the lenticular nucleus in POI patients. Furthermore, the FC of the right hypothalamus with the left hippocampus, the left para-central lobule, and the right central sulcus increased, while the FC between the right hypothalamus and the right superior frontal gyrus decreased (P<0.05). For the acupuncture group, compared with the conditions before treatment, the FC of the right hypothalamus with the left inferior frontal gyrus, the left insula, and right inferior frontal gyrus was strengthened, but weakened with the left gyrus rectus (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONThe abnormal FC between the hypothalamus and whole brain regions may be one of the central pathological factors of POI. Acupuncture can improve the ovarian function and clinical symptoms of patients with POI, which may be related to its effect in regulating the FC between the hypothalamus and multiple brain regions.

OBJECTIVES:The novel concept of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in Parkinson's disease (PD) refers to subjective cognitive impairment without concurrent objective cognitive deficits. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and affective correlates of SCD in de novo PD patients.MATERIALS AND METHODS:A total of 139 de novo PD patients underwent comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. PD patients with SCD (PD-SCD) did not meet the diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment in PD (PD-MCI) based on the Movement Disorder Society Level II Criteria and were defined by a Domain-5 Score ≥1 on the Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire. Affective symptoms were measured using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA).RESULTS:In de novo PD cohort, the prevalence of SCD was 28.1%. PD-SCD patients performed significantly better than PD-MCI patients on tests of five cognitive domains. The more commonly affected domains in PD-SCD patients were memory (28.2%) and attention/working memory (25.6%). Multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that PD-SCD was significantly associated with both HAMD (β = 4.518, 95% CI = 0.754-8.281, p = .019) and HAMA scores (β = 4.259, 95% CI = 1.054-7.464, p = .010). Furthermore, binary logistic regression analysis revealed that higher HAMD (OR = 1.128, 95% CI = 1.019-1.249, p = .020) and HAMA scores (OR = 1.176, 95% CI = 1.030-1.343, p = .017) increased the risk of PD-SCD.CONCLUSIONS:Our findings suggest that SCD is highly prevalent in de novo PD patients. The presence of PD-SCD is suggestive of an underlying affective disorder.

The pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients remains unclear, and there is no ideal diagnostic tool available at present. We assessed integrated clinical features with plasma and multi-modal neuroimaging biomarkers to identify mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in early drug-naive PD patients. 49 early drug-naive PD patients, including 26 with MCI (PD-MCI) and 23 with normal cognition (PD-NC), and 20 controls were recruited. Plasma markers [α-synuclein, beta-amyloid 1-40 (Aβ40), beta-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ42), and phosphorylated Tau 181 (p-Tau181) levels], functional connectivity (FC) of the default mode network, and cortical thickness (CTh) were evaluated to identify PD-MCI. The PD-MCI group had significantly higher plasma p-Tau181 levels and p-Tau181/Aβ42 ratio and lower Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio compared to the PD-NC group. Compared to PD-NC, the PD-MCI group showed increased FC between left posterior cingulate cortex (pCC) and the left parahippocampal gyrus (PHG), and between the right hippocampal formation and the left anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri, and the right middle temporal gyrus. Additionally, the PD-MCI group had thinner cortex thickness in the right lateral occipital and frontal pole compared to the PD-NC group. The final model combining clinical characteristics and several variables (age, sex, plasma p-Tau181 level, Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, the right lateral occipital CTh, and the FC value between the left pCC and left PHG) had the highest diagnostic accuracy for PD-MCI (AUC = 0.987, 95% CI 0.903-1.000; p = 0.001 compared to age and sex alone). The combination of clinical features, plasma biomarkers, and multi-modal neuroimaging biomarkers can identify early cognitive decline in PD patients.

Depression is the most common non⁃motor symptom of Parkinson's disease. However, the pathogenesis of depression in Parkinson's disease (DPD) remains undetermined. In order to further standardize and improve clinical diagnosis and treatment of DPD, relevant domestic experts of traditional Chinese and Western medicine from Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Guangdong and Tianjin, Beijing, Shanghai jointly developed "Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of depression in Parkinson's disease with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine (2021 edition)" after detailed discussions both online and offline. With integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, the consensus sorts out diagnosis, evaluation tools and treatment of Western medicine according to the diagnostic criteria of Parkinson's disease and depression, and traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment system based on syndrome differentiation of Parkinson's disease according to the traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis of tremor syndrome and depression syndrome. Different treatment methods are provided for the early and advanced stages of Parkinson's disease according to the treatment principles of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. The expert consensus is superior in clinic and relatively safe, which can be used as a reference for clinicians.

目的 探讨3种口腔护理液在神经科昏迷患者中的运用效果.方法 选取南京医科大学附属脑科医院2019年2月—7月神经科收治的90例昏迷患者,根据口腔护理液随机分为3组:中药组(用中草药口腔护理液)、生理盐水组、银尔通组(使用银离子抗菌液).3组均按常规口腔护理操作2次/d,共14 d.比较3组患者干预前后的口腔pH值、口腔异味评分及满意度.结果 干预前后,银尔通组内比较口腔pH值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),中药组和生理盐水组组内比较口腔pH值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),3组不同时间点pH值相比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).干预前后3组口腔异味评分明显降低(P<0.01).干预后第1天、第7天、第14天,中药组口腔异味评分均低于生理盐水组和银尔通组(均P<0.05).3组患者家属满意度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 中药口腔护理液去除口腔异味效果优于生理盐水和银离子抗菌液,值得临床推广和使用.

Background: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), as a functional gastrointestinal disorder, is characterized by abdominal pain and distension. Recent studies have shown that acupuncture treatment improves symptoms of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) by altering networks in certain brain regions. However, few studies have used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to compare altered resting-state inter-network functional connectivity in IBS-D patients before and after acupuncture treatment. Objective: To analyze altered resting-state inter-network functional connectivity in IBS-D patients before and after acupuncture treatment. Methods: A total of 74 patients with IBS-D and 31 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for this study. fMRI examination was performed in patients with IBS-D before and after acupuncture treatment, but only at baseline in HCs. Data on the left frontoparietal network (LFPN), default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), ventral attention network (VAN), auditory network (AN), visual network (VN), sensorimotor network (SMN), dorsal attention network (DAN), and right frontoparietal network (RFPN) were subjected to independent component analysis (ICA). The functional connectivity values of inter-network were explored. Results: Acupuncture decreased irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity score (IBS-SSS) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). It also ameliorated symptoms related to IBS-D. Notably, functional connectivity between AN and VAN, SMN and DMN, RFPN and VAN in IBS-D patients after acupuncture treatment was different from that in HCs. Furthermore, there were differences in functional connectivity between DMN and DAN, DAN and LFPN, DMN and VAN before and after acupuncture treatment. The inter-network changes in DMN-VAN were positively correlated with changes in HAMA, life influence degree, and IBS-SSS in IBS-D. Conclusion: Altered inter-network functional connectivity is involved in several important hubs in large-scale networks. These networks are altered by acupuncture stimulation in patients with IBS-D.

目的? 研究刺络拔罐法联合阿昔洛韦与弥可保治疗带状疱疹的效果.方法? 选取2005年1月至2019年1月南京脑科医院治疗的带状疱疹患者50例,采用数表法随机分为对照组和研究组,各25例.对照组采用阿昔洛韦与弥可保治疗,研究组实行刺络拔罐联合阿昔洛韦与弥可保治疗.比较两组患者症状体征缓解时间与临床疗效.结果? 研究组止疱、结痂、脱痂、疼痛缓解所用时间均明显少于对照组(P＜0.05),临床疗效明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论? 对带状疱疹患者实行刺络拔罐联合阿昔洛韦与弥可保治疗,可明显改善患者的症状,提高其临床疗效.

目的:观察凉血通瘀方治疗缺血性脑卒中急性期的临床疗效.方法:将符合纳入标准的81例缺血性脑卒中患者随机分为治疗组40例和对照组41例, 对照组予常规处理方案;治疗组在对照组基础上口服或鼻饲凉血通瘀方, 2周后观察比较两组患者血流变学指标、LPO、SOD、NIHSS评分、中风病类诊断评分及中医证候疗效.结果:两组患者治疗后各血液流变学指标较治疗前改善 (P＜0.05), 且治疗组优于对照组 (P＜0.05或P＜0.01).治疗后治疗组LPO、SOD水平均优于治疗前 (P＜0.01), 治疗组优于对照组 (P＜0.01).两组治疗后NIHSS评分、中风病类诊断评分均低于治疗前 (P＜0.01), 且治疗组低于对照组 (P＜0.05);对照组总有效率为70.73％, 治疗组总有效率为85.00％, 治疗组优于对照组 (P＜0.05).结论:凉血通瘀方治疗缺血性脑卒中急性期有一定疗效, 可以提高脑梗死急性期患者NIHSS评分和中医证候疗效, 改善患者的生活质量.

Objective Analyzing the syndrome elements and type of 350 cases of Parkinson's disease, to provide reference for Chinese medicine differential treatment. Methods Applying clinical epidemiological methods and mathematical statistics and analyzing the syndrome elements and type, to summarize the distribution characteristics of syndrome elements and type. Results There are 1 487 frequency of eight kinds of syndrome elements, and the top three proportion of relatively stable are wind,yin deficiency and qi deficiency,respectively,22.33%,21.56%,20.58%. There are 447 frequency of five kinds of syndrome type,and the most is liver-kidney yin deficiency,totally 135 times (30.2%), followed by qi-blood deficiency,yin-yang concurrent deficiency, stirring wind due to phlegma-heat and stirring wind due to blood stasis.Conclusion Yi n deficiency,q i deficiency and wind are the key syndrome elements and liver-kidney yin deficiency is the basement of disease.

目的:观察病机证素理论指导下益肾除颤汤加美多芭对帕金森病患者非运动症状的改善作用.方法:将156例帕金森病患者以随机数字表法分为2组,脱落7例,对照组74例给予美多芭加安慰剂,观察组75例给予美多芭加益肾除颤汤,30天为1个疗程,连续观察2个疗程.观察并比较患者帕金森病日常生活质量量表(PDQ-39)、自主神经障碍症状问卷表(SCOPA-AUT)中消化系统症状、中医证候量化分级量表、简易精神量表(MMSE)及唾液分泌临床分级量表(SCS-PD).结果:观察组患者PDQ-39、中医证候量化分级量表、PCS-PD评分及SCOPA-AUT中流涎、腹胀、便秘、排便困难改善显著优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:较之美多芭加安慰剂,在病机证素理论指导下拟定的益肾除颤汤加美多芭能显著改善帕金森患者的非运动症状.

目的:观察天乌汤联合美多芭治疗帕金森病的疗效.方法:将58例符合诊断标准的帕金森病患者,按照随机数字表法分为治疗组30例和对照组28例.对照组予美多芭加安慰剂,治疗组予美多芭加天乌汤,30d为1个疗程,连续观察2个疗程.观察两组患者治疗前后UPDRSⅢ评分、计时运动试验次数变化、NMSS评分、NMSQuest评分及不良反应.结果:两组患者治疗2个月后UPDRSⅢ评分、计时运动试验情况均较治疗前改善(P＜0.05),且治疗组均优于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);治疗1、2个月后治疗组患者NMSS评分、NMSQuest评分均低于治疗前(P＜0.05),且治疗组优于同时期对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论:天乌汤联合美多芭治疗帕金森病有较好的疗效,能改善患者的运动症状和非运动症状.

Objective:To explore pathogenes and pathogenesis of posterior circulation ischemia (PCI) from the perspective of combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Methods:To categorize the tongue and pulse manifestation of 138 PCI patients and calculate their frequency, constituent ratios. Meanwhile, patients' blood pressure, pulse rate (PR) , body temperature and laboratory examination results are given descriptive and statistical analysis, showing their means and standard deviations, etc. Results:The frequency of dark tongue, dark-red tongue, thin-greasy tongue fur, greasy-yellow tongue fur and tautslippery was respectively 118, 49, 99, 31, 73, constituting respectively 85.51％, 35.51％, 71.74％, 22.46％, 52.90％ of the patients examined;Mean and standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) , PR, body temperature, white blood cell (WBC) , neutrophil percentage (NEUT％) , fasting plasma glucose (FPG) , hemoglobin Alc (Hb A1 c) , total cholesterol (TC) was respectively (131.83±11.68) mm Hg, (75.80±4.72) bpm, (36.52±0.25) ℃, (5.58±1.67) ×109/L, 59.37％±8.56％, (5.51±1.49) mmol/L, and 6.30％±1.14％, and (4.37±0.95) mmol/L. Conclusion:In terms of pathogens, stasis, turbid pathogen (phlegm, dampness, etc.) , wind and heat (fire) are important factors in bringing out PCI;In terms of PCI pathogenesis characteristics, healthy Qi is slightly damaged and pathogenic Qi is fairly strong. Yet, the role of modern medical examination results, such as blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipids et al, in the assessment of PCI pathogens and pathogenesis, awaits further exploration.

Introduction: Cognitive impairment is the core symptom of schizophrenia, significantly impacting the functional outcome. Improvement of cognitive function has been an important aspect of the treatment of schizophrenia. Therefore, this study is to demonstrate the effects of first-generation antipsychotic haloperidol, second-generation antipsychotic olanzapine and ziprasidone, and alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist PHA-543613 on spatial learning and memory.Material and Methods: C57BL/6 mice received intraperitoneal injections of haloperidol (2mg/kg), olanzapine (2.5mg/kg), ziprasidone (2mg/kg), and PHA-543613 (1mg/kg), and cognitive dysfunctions were induced by MK-801 (0.1mg/kg). Morris water maze was used for investigating the effects of all agents.Results: Mk-801 significantly increased the mean escape latency to the platform and decreased the number of platform area crossings. Ziprasidone had no effect on the mean escape latency to platform and the number of platform area crossings in naive mice, but haloperidol, olanzapine, and PHA-543613 did not. Haloperidol and olanzapine significantly increased the mean escape latency to platform and decreased the number of platform area crossings, while ziprasidone and PHA-543613 did not. All the agents had no effect on swimming speed.Conclusions: Ziprasidone and alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist PHA-543613 might be helpful in the treatment of CIAS.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Yishen Chuchan Decoction combined with Madopar on Parkinson’ s disease. Methods Totally 8 6 patients with Parkinson’ s Disease( PD) were randomized into two groups: the treatment group( 4 3 cases) and the control group( 4 3 cases). During two consecutive months, patients in the treatment group received Madopar and Yishen Chuchan Decoction while patients in the control group were given Madopar and placebo orally. The motor dysfunction rating scale for Parkinson’ s disease( MDRSPD),unified Parkinson’ s disease rating scale Ⅲ( UPDRS Ⅲ),nonmotor symptom scale( NMSS),performance in chronograph movement( times of left and right hand movement in one minute) and non-motor symptom questionnaire( NMSQuest) were reviewed at three time points: before treatment,treatment for 1 month and treatment for 2 months. The safety parameters of the two groups were also observed after treatment. Results MDRSPD scores and UPDRS scores of both groups decreased after 2 months treatment compared with those before treatment( P < 0. 0 5,P < 0. 0 1). Meanwhile,the frequency of chronograph movement of left or right hand increased( P < 0. 0 5,P < 0. 0 1). In treatment group,NMSS scores and NMSQuest scores decreased after 1 and 2 months compared with those before treatment( P < 0. 0 5,P < 0. 0 1). Compared with control group,the UPDRS scores decreased and the frequency of chronograph movement increased in treatment group after 2 months( P < 0. 0 5). The NMSS scores and NMSQuest scores decreased after 1 and 2 months in treatment group compared with con-trol group( P < 0. 0 5,P < 0. 0 1). Conclusion Yishen Chuchan Decoction combined with Madopar could improve the symptoms of Parkinson’ s disease.