以氯代1-氨甲酰甲基-3-乙烯基咪唑离子液体([CmVIM]Cl)和四丁基氯化铵(TBAC)为溶剂,溶解微晶纤维素(MCC),加入不同阻燃剂三聚氰胺磷酸酯(MP)、聚磷酸铵(APP)、纳米二氧化硅(SiO2),制得了阻燃纤维素复合材料.通过偏光显微镜观察MCC的溶解过程,并利用FTIR、XRD、TGA和SEM对再生MCC的结构、结晶度、热稳定性和形貌变化进行了表征.通过垂直燃烧、极限氧指数(LOI)和热重分析对纤维素复合材料的阻燃性能进行了测试.结果表明,溶解温度为90℃,TBAC用量为[CmVIM]Cl质量的8％时,MCC的溶解率达6.3％,聚合度降至505;与原MCC相比,再生MCC结晶度指数由74.0％降至46.4％,初始热分解温度由310℃降至262℃,最大失重速率由2.6％/min降至1.4％/min.MCC表面由光滑平整的棒状结构转为凹凸不平的不规则结构.当MP、APP、SiO2质量分数分别为5％、10％和10％时,阻燃纤维素复合材料的极限氧指数提升至33.5％,垂直燃烧等级为Ⅴ-0.

将木质素磺酸钠(SLS)在氢溴酸作用下酚化改性使甲氧基转化为酚羟基,提高其反应活性并保留磺酸盐基团,并于碱性条件下加入环氧氯丙烷制得木质素基环氧树脂(LBER);将其作为交联改性剂添加至水性聚氨酯预聚体中,并成功制备出木质素基环氧树脂-水性聚氨酯乳液(LBER-WPU).研究了LBER用量对分散液及胶膜性能的影响.结果 表明,当LBER质量分数为3％～4％时,分散液外观良好、粒径较小,具备6个月及以上储存期;胶膜拉伸强度最高可达22MPa,较未改性水性聚氨酯(WPU-0)提高了约2倍,胶膜耐水性增强,热稳定性有明显改善.

以1-乙烯基咪唑和2-氯乙酰胺为原料,缚酸剂三乙胺(TEA)为催化剂,合成氯代1-氨甲酰甲基-3-乙烯基咪唑离子液体[CmVIM]Cl,探讨了n(1-乙烯基咪唑):n(2-氯乙酰胺)、反应温度、反应时间和TEA用量对[CmVIM]Cl收率的影响.结果表明,最佳合成工艺条件为:n(1-乙烯基咪唑):n(2-氯乙酰胺)=1:1.2,反应温度85℃,反应时间13 h,n(2-氯乙酰胺):n(TEA)=1:0.5,收率达85.8％.产物具有良好的热稳定性,初始分解温度为218.3℃.

以聚己内酯二元醇(PCL-1000)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)为主要原料,2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DM-PA)为亲水扩链剂,海藻酸钠(SA)为交联剂,成功合成了海藻酸钠交联水性聚氨酯(SAWPU).在成膜过程中利用SA分子结构上的—COOH与金属Ca2+发生螯合反应,制备出高交联度的聚氨酯胶膜.通过傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、激光粒度分析仪(DLS)、热重分析仪(TGA)等对SAWPU进行结构表征及性能测试,并用SAWPU乳液制备出水性皮革涂饰剂将其涂饰在皮革表面,对皮革的透水汽性和柔软度进行测试.试验结果表明:乳液粒径分布较小,储存稳定性良好,胶膜吸水率降低至7.2％,热稳定性提高,同时当SA添加量为0.3％时,拉伸强度达76.55 MPa,断裂伸长率为1 253.95％,综合性能良好.

With compound oligomer (such as polyurethane acrylate,epoxy acrylate,and polyester acrylate),reactive diluent and compound photoinitiator (such as Irgacure 184,BP) as main raw materials,PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film as backing material,an UV (ultraviolet) curing coating with high light transmittance,high weather resistance and high properties was prepared.The research results showed that the cured coating has the relatively best combination property because its Shore D hardness was 65,adhesion was 95％,and visible light transmittance of PET film was 98％,and that the cured coating has the good flexibility,chemical resistance,and yellowing resistance (no change color after 150 ℃ treatment 6 h) when UV curing time was 55 s,mass ratio of m (Irgacure 184) ∶m (BP) was 2∶ 1,and mass fractions of epoxy acrylate,polyurethane acrylate,reactive diluent,compound photoinitiator (Irgacure 184+BP),and other additives were 40％,20％,30％,6％,4％ respectively in coating.

以环氧丙烯酸酯树脂(牌号6233)、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂(牌号6112-100)和脂环族环氧树脂(牌号TTA26)为预聚体,并引入活性稀释剂、光引发剂和填料等助剂,采用自由基和阳离子UV(紫外光)固化工艺制备了LED(发光二极管)铝基板用UV油墨.研究结果表明:制备混杂型UV油墨的最佳工艺条件是m(6112-100)∶m(TTA26)=35∶65、w(活性稀释剂)=11％、w(光引发剂)=5％和w(钛白粉)=27％(均相对于预聚体总质量而言),此时该油墨的固化速率适中、附着力(为96％)相对较大、折射率(为1.60)相对较高且不发生黄变现象,并且膜性能优异.

With toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and polyether polyol (DJ-12) as monomers, anisocyanatoterminated water-soluble polyurethane prepolymer was synthesized. And by adding solvents, catalysts, retarders and other additives, water-soluble polyurethane grouting materials were prepared. The effect of catalyst, retarder and water content on grouting material gel time was discussed. The results show that when catalyst is from 0.3% to 0.5% and retarder is from 8% to 12%, the gel time of water-soluble polyurethane grouting materials is adjustable between tens of seconds to minutes, which can be applied in varying degrees of water gushing environment. And when the ratio of water to slurry is from 1∶1 to 2∶1, a uniform dense foam consolidation forms.

通过纯矿物浮选试验及动电位、红外光谱以及XPS分析等表征手段,研究了酸性条件下十二胺体系中六偏磷酸钠对白云母浮选行为的影响.结果表明,在pH =4的条件下,不同用量的六偏磷酸钠可使白云母动电位产生正负交替性变化.十二胺在白云母表面的吸附状态为物理吸附,六偏磷酸钠以磷酸胶体的形式覆盖在白云母表面,导致十二胺在白云母表面的吸附减弱,增加了白云母的亲水性,从而对白云母的浮选行为产生抑制作用.当六偏磷酸钠浓度为1×10-3 mol/L时,可使白云母的回收率降低69.67个百分点.

The inlfuence of the factors, such as grinding time, on the muscovite size and speciifc area was researched through using muscovite produced by Henan province as the main raw material and the orthogonal experiment. The results showed that the effects of grinding time and agitation speed on the ultra-ifne grinding size of muscovite and speciifc surface area are highly conspicuous. The particle size of 82.6%superifne muscovite obtained was less than 13μm when the processes were grinding for 75 min, 600 r/min of agitation speed, 0.02% sodium tripolyphosphate in the muscovite, 3∶5∶2 for 4~5 mm, 3~4 mm and 2~3 mm ceramic balls respectively.

利用正交试验的方法,对某选铁尾矿回收硫试验进行了系统研究.通过极差分析,对选硫的粗选条件进行了优化.结果表明,各因素对粗选作业回收率的影响程度依次为浮选时间＞2#油用量＞丁基黄药用量＞硫酸铜用量.采用两粗一精一扫的闭路流程,可以获得品位为48.36%,回收率为83.93%的硫精矿.

通过单矿物试验、溶液化学计算、动电位测试、红外光谱分析以及XPS分析,研究了在酸性条件下十二胺体系中Fe3+对白云母的抑制作用机理.结果表明,浓度为3×10-3mol/L的Fe3+可使白云母的零电点从1.6增加到2.4.在pH =4时,随着Fe3+浓度的增大,白云母动电位正向移动.十二胺在白云母表面的吸附状态为物理吸附.Fe3+在白云母表面产生静电吸附,并以Fe(OH)3沉淀的形式罩盖在白云母表面并减少白云母表面暴露的Si原子数目,导致十二胺在白云母表面的吸附量减小从而抑制白云母的浮选行为.当Fe3+的浓度为1×10-3mol/L时,可使白云母的回收率降低12％.

以河南某厂重选白云母精矿为对象,对其矿物组成以及矿物表面性质进行了检测,系统研究了物理和化学浸出联合除铁工艺对白云母粉白度的影响,其中化学浸出最佳条件为草酸用量为理论值180％,浸出浓度15％,浸出时间1h,浸出温度30℃.结果表明,物理分选-化学浸出工艺可除去白云母粉中70％的铁,并获得白度为77.81％云母产品,基本达到了高端产品对其要求.

针对河南某含碳难选云母矿矿石性质复杂的特点,采用脱泥一除炭—浮选—尾矿筛分的工艺流程回收云母,其中浮选采用一粗—一精—一扫的闭路流程,最终可获得K2O品位为9.38％、产率为56.76％、回收率为78.53％0的云母精矿,为类似云母矿的分选提供了一种新的研究思路.

以程潮铁尾矿为原料,采用正交试验方法,研究该铁尾矿回收硫粗选作业过程中各药剂用量等因素的影响,对正交试验结果进行方差分析,由此确立了各因素对硫粗精矿回收率影响的显著程度.通过预测铁尾矿回收硫的理论回收率以检验试验结果的可靠性.研究对现场药剂制度进行优化,改善浮选条件提高选矿指标.结果表明,浮选时间和2#油用量是影响粗选回收率的显著因素.粗选最佳条件为浮选时间为10 min,2#油用量为40×10-6,硫酸铜用量为200×10-6,丁基黄药用量为120×10-6,在此条件下,可获得品位为49.64％,回收率为79.78％的硫粗精矿.