As a basic engineering experiment, chemical principle experiment is a bridge linking theory and engineering practice,which plays an important role in engineering teaching. However, the traditional teaching mode usually focuses on verification and operation experiments, which is insufficient to cultivate students’ innovation ability and engineering experiment ability. In order to meet the requirements of new engineering talents training, the combination of online and offline teaching mode is adopted to reform the chemical principal experiment. Blended teaching is a learning-centered experimental teaching mode. The teaching effect shows that online teaching improves the efficiency and quality of offline experimental teaching, and at the same time improves the dimension of students’ learning, they think and analyze problems from the perspective of thinking mode and working method.

基于原子经济性的固废综合利用思想,将利用固废生产高附加值产品这种"变废为宝"的产业应用概念引入本科生实验教学中,基于磷尾矿酸解综合实验进行改进,设计开展了磷尾矿酸解及产品晶化综合实验.该综合实验包括尾矿选择性酸浸取分解、分离结晶、晶体取向生长等主要化工过程,并借助扫描电子显微镜研究材料晶须长径比等微纳结构以及分析元素组成等内容,锻炼学生的动手能力和实验设备操作、分析能力,了解大精仪器的操作原理及结果分析方法,实现本科-研究生阶段的衔接.同时,强化本科生的科研创新意识,丰富实验教学理论知识体系,融入课程思政元素,从而达到综合实验的教学目的.

H2S分解制氢是实现其资源化利用的重要途径,而开发高效的H2S分解催化剂是关键.采用溶液燃烧法合成了系列钙钛矿催化剂LaMO3(M=Ce、Ni、Co、Mo、Cu、Sr、V或Cr),考察了其在H2S分解制氢中的催化性能,通过XRD、BET和SEM/EDS等表征了催化剂的组成和结构,研究了ABO3型钙钛矿催化剂中B位元素对催化剂产氢性能的影响.结果表明,8种不同B位元素的钙钛矿催化剂都具有良好的产氢活性;在φ(H2S)=5％,GHSV=48000 h-1的反应条件下,LaNiO3具有最高的H2S转化率,在800℃时可达18.2％,H2选择性为47.4％;LaCrO3表现出最高的H2选择性,在800℃时可达61.3％,H2S转化率为15.2％.

尿素热解可制备高附加值下游产品石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4),热解条件显著影响其光催化性能.以工业级尿素为前驱体,考察了升温速率对产物g-C3N4结构和光催化性能的影响,并用于光催化氧化降解有机染料和光催化还原生产双氧水.结果表明,快速升温(15℃/min)所得g-C3N4(GCN-15)结晶度高、无定型结构少、带隙窄、光利用率高、共轭结构完整,利于光生电子传递,因此具有更好的光催化性能.其对罗丹明B(RhB)和亚甲基蓝(MB)光氧化降解速率分别是慢速升温(2℃/min)所得g-C3N4(GCN-2)的4倍和2倍,8 h光还原双氧水产量提高18.37％.

基于共沸物的分离是化工分离工程的难点,采用气液平衡反应釜测定安全环保的正丙醇?水二元共沸物系的气液平衡数据和共沸点,采用最小二乘法回归Wilson模型,通过热力学一致性检验,建立共沸物系活度系数模型.在数据分析和处理过程中,需灵活运用化工热力学、仪器分析、数理统计等多门专业课程理论知识.学生通过此实验可掌握化工热力学气液平衡数据的测定方法,了解共沸物系的热力学特性,强化化工热力学理论知识与实际应用结合的能力.

四川大学化学工程学院从"立足基础,面向工业,服务社会"的办学宗旨出发,突出磷化工研究的特色与优势,提取磷化工核心反应或分离模块,建设了具有绿色磷化工特色的化工专业实验教学体系,并设计了综合性实验,丰富了教学内容,以有效强化学生对专业理论知识的理解,锻炼学生的实践创新能力,并全面认识磷资源综合利用的意义。绿色磷化工特色化工专业实验教学体系,基于绿色化工零排放的环境友好设计理念,实现实验原料与产品的循环利用。近年来的教学实践证明,绿色磷化工特色化工专业实验教学体系在培养学生绿色化工意识、增强学生专业学习自信、锻炼学生工程化和系统化思维与实践能力方面,具有良好的效果。

基于四川大学化工学院"立足基础,面向工业"的培养要求,将乙苯加氢气固两相催化反应器用于化工类本科生实验教学.实验涵盖多项化学、化工实验操作,学生结合仪器分析、数理统计、化工原理和催化工程等多门专业知识进行实验.采用不同目数催化剂,使学生了解了气固两相催化反应器的结构特点和操作方法,训练了催化剂的装填、活化的基本操作,掌握了催化剂目数对内扩散有效因子的影响规律和本征动力学参数测定方法.通过本实验,学生的分析判断、逻辑推理、数据归纳与总结等创新能力得到了培养和提升,实现了综合实验的教学目的.

基于四川大学“化学与绿色化工”双一流学科建设需求,将可用于油水分离的超疏水海绵制备设计成本科生创新教学实验.该实验用胶水负载超疏水Fe3O4纳米颗粒的方法,在海绵表面构筑稳定的微纳米结构及引入低表面能物质,制备具有超疏水和超亲油特性的海绵.通过接触角和油污吸附量表征超疏水海绵的油水分离性能.通过探究式-小班化讨论,研究不同实验条件对海绵超疏水特性的影响.该实验设计能培养学生的创新意识和化工新产品、新工艺开发的能力,提高了学生的设计和动手能力,以及团队协作能力,实现了创新性实验的教学目的.

In the work, Mo element is used to adjust composition and distribution of the lubricating phase of the self lubricant Ti(C, N)-based cermets. Ring-block wear test of self-mate pairs is conducted. The microstructure and wear behavior evolution of the cermets are investigated. The results indicate by adjusting the content of Mo, the distribution of graphite on the surface of the self-lubricant cermets changes. With the increase of Mo content, the volume of graphite decrease, and the undissolved Mo increase. During self-mate pair sliding wear, the tribolayer transform from graphite to graphite + MoOx and then to MoOx. The cermets with 4 wt%. Mo show the best tribological properties, which shows a smooth and dense composite tribolayer formed mainly by graphite and MoOx.

化工类专业本科生应掌握化工反应器的"放大准则"研究方法,熟悉反应器放大过程中的现象和规律.该文通过逐级放大实验考察釜式搅拌反应器放大准则,采用示踪脉冲法测定反应器的停留时间分布以确定反应器的流动特性,求出反应器的流动模型参数.实验要求学生通过对比不同放大准则操作的搅拌转速得到的反应器流动特性和转化率,归纳出不同放大准则的优缺点,为反应器的设计及放大提供依据.通过此实验,学生的工程意识、动手能力及团队合作能力得到有效提高,学生的实验设计能力和结果分析能力得到了提升,实现了工程性实验的教学目的.

Biocorrosion has been considered as big trouble in many industries and marine environments due to causing of great economic loss. The main disadvantages of present approaches to prevent corrosion include being limited by environmental factors, being expensive, inapplicable to field, and sometimes inefficient. Studies show that polymer coatings with anticorrosion and antimicrobial properties have been widely accepted as a novel and effective approach to prevent biocorrosion. The main purpose of this review is to summarize up the progressive status of polymer coatings used for combating microbial corrosion. Polymers used to synthesize protective coatings are generally divided into three categories: (i) traditional polymers incorporated with biocides, (ii) antibacterial polymers containing quaternary ammonium compounds, and (iii) conductive polymers. The strategies to synthesize polymer coatings resort mainly to grafting antibacterial polymers from the metal substrate surface using novel surface-functionalization approaches, such as free radical polymerization, chemically oxidative polymerization, and surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization, as opposed to the traditional approaches of dip coating or spin coating.

简述化工原理实验课程的工程性特点及课程设定理念,以实验预习-操作-报告为主要部分讨论相关教学结构及内容.指出提问式教学模式可引导学生对实验原理、现象积极思考,主动排除和解决实验过程中所出现的问题,有效的避免了“操作工”式的实验学习模式增加学生实验兴趣提高教学质量.作为基础工程性实验锻炼了本科生的实验动手能力,工程问题解决能力,工程报告的书写及整改能力.

以超疏水材料的制备与运用作为本科生创新实验素材,旨在让本科生结合所学专业知识制定新材料的制备方法,对新材料的检测手段有初步认识,同时要求学生通过文献调研设计超疏水材料的运用实验提高其实验创新能力,以期通过学科知识的交叉扩宽学生知识面,激发学生的科研热情.该创新实验锻炼较强的文献调研能力,实验动手及实验结果分析能力.

Innovative experiments are offered in chemical engineering and Technology Specialty Laboratory according to current syllabus of experiments for undergraduates.Preparation,characterization and performance evaluation of nano TiO2 photocatalyst are chosen as the first innovative experiment.During this experiment,students developed different experimental routes to prepare nano TiO2 photocatalyst after a review of related literature,and they grasped different methods to characterize the prepared photocatalyst and evaluate its performance.The students’abilities on literature research,experimental design and organization have been improved.In addition,the ability of students’problem finding and solving skills has been practiced by comparison,discussion and analysis of the experiment,which achieved the purpose to offer innovative experiments.

二氧化铈具有紫外光吸收能力,以其为载体,通过光催化还原沉积可实现贵金属负载.本研究通过光催化还原沉积制备了氨氧化用Pt/CeO2催化剂,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)、透射电镜(TEM)、BET比表面积、电耦合高频等离子发射光谱(ICP)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、NH3-程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)对样品的物理性质进行了表征,并在(Φ)4 mmx2 mm石英反应管中对其氨催化氧化性能进行了评价.结果表明,该法制备的Pt/CeO2催化剂活性组分铂含量仅为0.079 7％,在载体表面分散性好;在反应温度800℃,原料中O2和NH3比为15的条件下,氨转化率为100％,氮氧化合物收率可达80％.

With an ethanol -cyclohexane -water system to carry out a ternary liquid phase equilibrium determination experiment for undergraduate students,this paper analyses the feasibility and rationality of the experiment.Combined with the major experiment characteristics,many experimental details are intergated considered such as experimental equipment building,analysing methods et al to optimizate the experimental programme .Under different temperatures,we determine the solubility curve and balance connection line of ethanol -cyclohexane -water ternary system to ensure the optimal experimental condition.The results show that when the reaction temperature at 20℃,the experimental phenomenon in the reaction vessel can be observated clearly,as well as a stable experimental re-sults can be obtained,By later analysing and discussion of the experimental data,students can learn the calculation method of the dis-tribution coefficient K,the selectivity coefficient β,and the graphical plotting method of the Origin software.

The adsorption properties of CO;/ CH; mixture in pore structure of illite that is the clay mineral in shale reservoir are studied by the grand canonical Monte Carlo method. The simulated results show that with the increase of formation depth,in the same injection ratio of CO;,the adsorption quantity of CH; shows a trend of ascending followed by leveling off.The adsorption quantity change of CO; is a little large. When injection ratio is not over two,the adsorption quantity increases firstly and reaches a peak value while the formation depth is about 1 Km,which is near the corresponding depth of the supercritical point of CO;. Then it begins to decline and followed by a trend of increase again. At last,it approaches a stable value at the formation depth of 5 Km. With the increase of the injection ratio of CO;,at the same formation depth,the adsorption quantity of CH; decreases and the trend of decline slows down gradually. Meanwhile,the adsorption quantity of CO; increases and the trend of decline slow down gradually. When the injection ratio of CO; is over two,the adsorption quantity of CO; has reached the saturation and will not change with the increase of injection ratio of CO; at the formation depth of 5km. The research and analysis of these rules combined with actual development condition of shale gas reservoir can provide certain theoretical basis for the high-efficient development of shale gas reservoir.

Cross-linked PVBC microspheres were tethered with quaternized PDMAPMA brushes via surface-initiated ATRP as effective anionic sorbents for phenol removal.

Visible light-driven photocatalyst is the current research focus and silver oxyacid salts with p-block elements are the promising candidates. In this research, Ag2CO3 was prepared by a facile precipitation method and used to degrade the pollutants from waters. The results revealed that the silver carbonate with monoclinic structure quickly decomposed methyl orange and rhodamine B in less than 15min under visible light irradiation. When it was recycled six times, the degradation of methyl orange still can reach 87% after 30min. The calculated band gap of Ag2CO3 was 2.312 eV with Valence band edge potential of 2.685 eV and Conduction band 0.373 eV vs NHE, which endowed the excellent photo-oxidation ability of silver carbonate. Photogenerated holes and ozone anion radicals were the primary active species in the photo-oxidization degradation of dye. The generation of metallic silver resulted from photocorrosion and the consequent reduction in the ozone anion radical amount led to the performance degradation of Ag2CO3. The simple preparation method and high photocatalytic performance of Ag2CO3 increases its prospect of application in future.

A quantitative two-step analysis method was established to determine the main products of the vinyl acetate gas phase synthesis from acetylene method, such as acetic acid, acetaldehyde, acetone, vinyl acetate, and crotonic aldehyde, by gas chromatography with butyl acetate as internal standard. The experimental results show that components could be completely separated and has good linear relationships between the mass ratio and peak area ratio. The relative standard deviations are no more than 2.85%, and the average recoveries are from 94.60% to 104.059%.