A população universitária é vulnerável para o desenvolvimento de sintomas de transtornos mentais. O objetivo desta revisão bibliométrica longitudinal foi explorar as tendências dos estudos sobre saúde mental de estudantes universitários até dezembro de 2022. Foram explorados 48 anos de estudos, incluindo 916 artigos extraídos das bases de dados Scopus e Web of Science. Com o uso do software R-RStudio e o pacote Bibliometrix, com a interface biblioshiny 4.1 realizou-se uma análise descritiva e uma análise longitudinal, dividida em três períodos temporais: 1974 a 2000, 2001 a 2011 e 2012 a 2022. Os resultados sugerem que a saúde mental dos estudantes vem sendo considerada uma questão de maior relevância dentro das universidades. Os estudos indicam um interesse crescente por temas como depressão, estresse e sofrimento psicológico, destacando a vulnerabilidade dos estudantes universitários, intensificada pela pandemia por COVID-19.

Safety behavior in the workplace encompasses a broad range of psychological, sociocultural, organizational, and technological factors that influence individual behavior. The aim of this bibliometric review was to explore the conceptual evolution of the safe behavior construct and research trends in the area, based on longitudinal mapping. A total of 4,326 articles extracted from the Scopus database were analyzed. A descriptive analysis and mapping of the intellectual structure were conducted over 65 years in three temporal periods: 1957 to 2000, 2001 to 2011, and 2012 to 2022. The results suggest a significant theoretical and empirical development, especially in the field of construction and healthcare in Brazil. Various thematic interests highlight attitudes towards workplace safety, personal and situational factors, climate, and leadership. Emerging studies stand out for integrating technologies for detecting unsafe behaviors, risk management, behavioral safety, and the development of integrative models for prevention. The conceptual evolution and mapping of theme trends can provide information and opportunities for future studies.

Training based on competences has been promoted by the Tuning Project for Latin America. The objective of this study was to determine the competences that must be strengthened for the academic training of managers in graduate school. The research was descriptive-correlational. An adaptation of the instrument on general and specific competences in the area of Business A dministration of the Tuning Project was carried out. This version of the instrument was applied to postgraduate students, graduates, human resource managers, and professors. For the analysis, the approach of four philosophical fundamentals of business administration was considered. The results show the need to strengthen the specific and general competences applied, there is also little development in competences related to ethics and social responsibility of the manager, which can impact performance and methods (epistemology) and managerial management work (praxeology). It is suggested to review the academic curriculum and evaluate a model that strengthens competences.

Training based on competences has been promoted by the Tuning Project for Latin America. The objective of this study was to determine the competences that must be strengthened for the academic training of managers in graduate school. The research was descriptive-correlational. An adaptation of the instrument on general and specific competences in the area of Business Administration of the Tuning Project was carried out. This version of the instrument was applied to postgraduate students, graduates, human resource managers, and professors. For the analysis, the approach of four philosophical fundamentals of business administration was considered. The results show the need to strengthen the specific and general competences applied, there is also little development in competences related to ethics and social responsibility of the manager, which can impact performance and methods (epistemology) and managerial management work (praxeology). It is suggested to review the academic curriculum and evaluate a model that strengthens competences. Keywords: professional competences, leadership, managers, Tuning Latin America Project.

Alumina-lantana (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 wt% La) mixed oxides of suitable texture to be applied as supports of catalysts for hydrodesulfurization of FCC naphtha-range oil-derived distillates were prepared by rare-earth pore-filling impregnation through corresponding nitrate. Co, Mo and P were deposited on binary carriers by one-pot simultaneous impregnation method used during commercial hydrotreating catalysts preparation. Materials were characterized by N2 physisorption, XRD, SEM–EDS, adsorbed CO2 FTIR (basicity measurements), Raman and UV–vis spectroscopies. Sulfided catalysts were studied by chemical composition (EDAX) and HR-TEM. In general, amount and strength of surface basic sites increased with rare-earth content in binary carriers at 5 wt% and higher. Deposited molybdates dispersion augmented with lanthanum content in carriers. However, progressively increasing rare-earth loading on supports was detrimental on gas-phase thiophene HDS (523–563 K, steady-state fixed-bed plug-flow reactor operating at atmospheric pressure). Hardly sulfidable tetrahedral Mo species could be originated by decomposition of heteropolymolybdates originally present in one-pot acidic (pH ~ 1.9) Co–Mo–P solutions by impregnating at basic conditions in pores of La-modified carriers. At isoconversion (~ 10%) rare-earth containing sulfided CoMo catalysts had decreased yield to fully saturated n-butane as to the material supported on pristine alumina.

Background Non-communicable disease (NCD) is increasing rapidly in low and middle-income countries (LMIC), and is associated with tobacco use, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity. There is little evidence for up-scaled interventions at the population level to reduce risk in LMIC. Methods The Community Interventions for Health (CIH) program was a population-scale community intervention study with comparator population group undertaken in communities in China, India, and Mexico, each with populations between 150,000-250,000. Culturally appropriate interventions were delivered over 18-24 months. Two independent cross-sectional surveys of a stratified sample of adults aged 18-64 years were conducted at baseline and follow-up. Results A total of 6,194 adults completed surveys at baseline, and 6,022 at follow-up. The proportion meeting physical activity recommendations decreased significantly in the control group (C) (44.1 to 30.2%), but not in the intervention group (I) (38.0 to 36.1%), p<0.001. Those eating ≥5 portions of fruit and vegetables daily decreased significantly in C (19.2 to 17.2%), but did not change in I (20.0 to 19.6%,), p=0.013. The proportion adding salt to food was unchanged in C (24.9 to 25.3%) and decreased in I (25.9 to 19.6%), p<0.001. Prevalence of obesity increased in C (8.3 to 11.2%), with no change in I (8.6 to 9.7%,) p=0.092. Concerning tobacco, for men the difference-in-difference analysis showed that the reduction in use was significantly greater in I compared to C (p=0.014) Conclusions Up-scaling known health promoting interventions designed to reduce the incidence of NCD in whole communities in LMIC is feasible, and has measurable beneficial outcomes on risk factors for NCD, namely tobacco use, diet, and physical inactivity.

In this paper, the effect of the geometrical configuration of underground conductors and of the relative location of the lightning strike on induced voltages from lightning is studied. The position of the strike point that leads to the highest induced voltage is determined for buried cables for each configuration. The results show that the maximum voltages tend to appear at the extremities of the cables and at the point closest to the strike point. The overvoltages are lower for bare cables when compared to insulated cables. Overvoltage levels for typical negative subsequent return stroke currents used in this paper represent a risk for low voltage underground feeders and electronic, communication and control circuits.

THE PROPAGATION AND EXPANSION OF THE PLASMA PRODUCED BY A COAXIAL PLASMA GUN IS EVALUATED SIMULTANEOUSLY USING A LASER BEAM DEFLECTION TECHNIQUE AND A LANGMUIR DOUBLE PROBE. THE FIRST METHOD IS VERY SENSITIVE TO THE TIME AND SPACE DEPENDENT GRADIENTS PRODUCED BY THE PULSED PLASMA, AND IT IS APPLIED TO MEASURE THE RESULTING BEAM DEFLECTION OVER A HE-NE LASER BEAM THAT IS PLACED PERPENDICULAR TO THE PROPAGATION AXIS. THE SYSTEM WITH A QUADRATURE DETECTOR HAS A RISE TIME RESPONSE OF 10 NS AND A RESOLUTION OF 2 ¹RAD. THE LANGMUIR DOUBLE PROBE IS USED ALONG THE AXIS AND ALLOWS US TO MEASURE THE TIME OF FLIGHT UNDER DIVERSE PLASMAS CONDITIONS. WE PRESENT COMPARATIVE MEASUREMENTS FOR NITROGEN AND HELIUM BACKGROUND GASES FROM 50 TO 500 MTORR, IN A 50 CM LONG AND 10 CM DIAMETER CHAMBER.

Se realizo un estudio no experimental, de campo, de tipo correlacional con el fin de establecer posibles relaciones entre el nivel de desarrollo moral y el nivel de estudios de pregrado alcanzado por estudiantes de medicina y enfermeria de la Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado (UCLA), Barquisimeto – Venezuela. La muestra se selecciono de forma probabilistica y estratificada quedando conformada por 87 estudiantes de Medicina y 44 de Enfermeria. Para evaluar el nivel de desarrollo moral, se utilizo una adaptacion del Defining Issues Test (DIT), version de tres dilemas, traducida, adaptada y validada al contexto venezolano. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los estudiantes poseen un nivel de desarrollo moral convencional y un indice de moral de principios similar al que obtienen muestras latinoamericanas. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el desarrollo moral y el nivel de estudios alcanzado por la muestra. Los resultados permiten justificar y orientar el diseno e implantacion de un eje curricular de formacion moral-educacion en valores dirigido a estudiantes del Decanato de Ciencias de la Salud de la Institucion. ABSTRACT: A non experimental correlational study was conducted for purposes of establishing a possible relationship between moral development and academic level of Health Science students from Universidad Centro-Occidental Lisandro Alvarado (UCLA), Barquisimeto Venezuela. A probabilistic and stratified sample consisting of 131 students, 87 from the Medicine School and 44 from the Nursing School was used. An adapted version of the “Defining Issues Test” (DIT) was run to assess the group moral development. Such test is a version of the three dilemma model which was translated and validated to the Venezuelan context. According to test results, students have a conventional moral development and a moral principles index (Index P) similar to those obtained from Latin-American samples. Non-significant relationship between the moral development and academic level was found. Also, test results set the basis for justifying and designing a new curriculum for the students of the University’s Health Science Faculty based on moral development.

In this work, handlings of the NASA LIS data were presented, to establish the lightning activities in Venezuela, between years 1998 and 2002.The main objective is to obtain the most relevant data, discerning by geopolitical State and month along the year. With this processing, is possible to show the geographical areas with the highest lightning activity and the variation of this characteristic with the months along the years considered. This information is very important to engineers and Scientifics to know the most recent data of the lightning by Venezuelan Regions and specifically for high risk zones, like that involved in oil exploration and production facilities. Finally, an iso-keraunic map, was obtained.

Dengue virus (DV)-induced changes in the host cell protein synthesis machinery are not well understood. We investigated the transcriptional changes related to initiation of protein synthesis. The human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, was infected with DV serotype 2 for 1 h at a multiplicity of infection of one. RNA was extracted after 6, 24 and 48 h. Microarray results showed that 36.5% of the translation factors related to initiation of protein synthesis had significant differential expression (Z-score >or= +/-2.0). Confirmation was obtained by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR. Of the genes involved in the activation of mRNA for cap-dependent translation (eIF4 factors), eIF4A, eIF4G1 and eIF4B were up-regulated while the negative regulator of translation eIF4E-BP3 was down-regulated. This activation was transient since at 24 h post-infection levels were not significantly different from control cells. However, at 48 h post-infection, eIF4A, eIF4E, eIF4G1, eIF4G3, eIF4B, and eIF4E-BP3 were down-regulated, suggesting that cap-dependent translation could be inhibited during the progression of infection. To test this hypothesis, phosphorylation of p70S6K and 4E-BP1, which induce cap-dependent protein synthesis, was assayed. Both proteins remained phosphorylated when assayed at 6 h after infection, while infection induced dephosphorylation of p70S6K and 4E-BP1 at 24 and 48 h of infection, respectively. Taken together, these results provide biological evidence suggesting that in HepG2 cells DV sustains activation of the cap-dependent machinery at early stages of infection, but progression of infection switches protein synthesis to a cap-independent process.

Chagas disease is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Although it had a decline in recent years, it still affects millions of people in Latin America. The host immune response against this parasite is complex and relies on the development of an efficient T cell-mediated response; however, T. cruzi displays a number of evasion mechanisms allowing it to remain undetected even for years. One of these is the secretion of anti-inflammatory molecules such as proteases and the modulation of biological functions of chemokines. Our objective was to analyze the effect of a major cysteine protease, cruzipain, on a number of critical functions of several CC chemokines, both in vitro and in vivo. Initially, using a murine model of T. cruzi infection, we demonstrated that CCL-2 and CCL-12 chemokines are highly expressed at different stages and correlated with an increase in the expression of cruzipain. In addition, we demonstrated that cruzipain is capable of differentially cleaving CCL-2 and CCL-12 chemokines, as well as CCL-13. Analysis of the proteolysed products identified unique cleavage sites in these chemokines. These cruzipain-modified chemokine products were tested in chemotaxis assays using monocytic cells. We found that cruzipain treated-CCL-2 maintained its biological activity, in contrast to the closely related CCL-12 and CCL-13 chemokines, which showed little or null agonist activity after treatment. Furthermore, based on this analysis, a 14-mer cruzipain-derived chemokine peptide (CDCP-1) was chemically synthesized and tested for agonist activity using in vitro chemotaxis assays. Interestingly, CDCP-1 showed antagonist activity affecting in vitro migration of monocytic cells and calcium flux release. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that cruzipain modulates biological functions of chemokines through proteolytic cleavage, by generating chemokine-derived peptides with antagonist activities. This event could play a role during the latest phases of Chagas disease, when the parasite may differentially modulate chemokine-mediated inflammatory responses.

OBJECTIVE To describe and compare the clinical impacts of neurocysticercosis (NC) caused by Taenia solium in humans and pigs.METHODS Comparative study of the brains of 16 asymptomatic pigs and 35 human NC cases (15 asymptomatic and 20 symptomatic).RESULTS In humans, cysticerci were more frequently located in the ventricles and subarachnoid space at the base of the brain (11.8%vs. 1.6%; P = 0.001 and 25.9%vs. 0%; P < 0.0001, respectively) while in pigs, cysticerci were more frequently found in the parenchyma (44.4%vs. 7.6%; P < 0.0001). In human brains, 75.9% of the cysticerci were calcified, while in pigs all cysticerci were in the vesicular stage.CONCLUSION The duration of infection and the host-parasite relationship (such as immune reactivity and brain haemodynamics) differ between humans and pigs. This may account for the different distribution and stage of the cysticerci among humans and pigs.

Results of four studies with venezuelan university students are presented. Research intention was to investigate the psychometrics properties of Defi ning Issues Test (DIT). First, it was studied relation between DIT and the moral judgement interview (MJI) proposed by Kohlberg (1976); Second, it was studied differences in P index of DIT (moral of principles) in two samples of students (high school and university); Third, it was evaluated convergent and discriminant validity of the instrument through correlation between DIT scales and a self-concept index; Finally, relation between DIT- P index and a scale of empathic worry was studied. Results suggest DIT turns out a reasonably reliable and validity measure to evaluate the development of moral of principles level of university venezuelan students.