摘要：目的 探究超声造影与常规超声诊断技术在甲状腺乳头状癌的诊断价值。方法 选取2020年5月至2022年5月收治满足《甲状腺癌诊疗标准（2020版）》、经病理诊断证实甲状腺乳头状癌的患者为探查对象，筛选有效病例50例，予以超声造影与常规超声诊断技术，观察诊断结果；依据肿瘤直径分为直径＜1.0cm（n=25例），直径1.0-2.0cm（n=16例），直径＞2.0cm（n=9例）；依据颈部淋巴结病理诊断结果将其分为淋巴结转移阴性组（LN（-），n=30例），淋巴结转移阳性组（LN（+），n=20例），观察造影TIC参数。结果 超声造影甲状腺乳头状癌检出率为94.0%，显著高于常规超声检查结果，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；不同肿瘤直径患者达峰时间(TTP)、平均通过时间(MTT)指标差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），在峰值强度(PI)、曲线下面积(AUC)指标上，差异存在统计学意义（P<0.05），随着肿瘤直径增大，PI、AUC指标随之递增，组间存在相关性；LN（-）、LN（+）组患者TTP、PI、AUC指标比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），两组MTT指标差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 超声造影在甲状腺乳头状癌诊断精准性上优于常规超声诊断技术，不同肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移超声表现存在显著差异，应用价值更高。

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of different imaging examinations for orbital lymphoma,to improve the diagnostic ability of this disease.Methods:The clinical data and imaging features,which included ultrasound、CT or MRI,of 36 cases (53eyes) patients with orbital lymphoma were analyzed retrospectively.To evaluate the accuracy of conventional ultrasound combination contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS),CT or MRI for the diagnosis of orbital lymphoma.Results:The accuracy rate of conventional ultrasound combination CEUS for the diagnosis of orbital lymphoma was 94.34％,while the accuracy rate of which was only 52.83％when using CT or MRI,the difference was statistically significant (P =0.000).Conclusion:For the accuracy rate of orbital lymphoma,conventional ultrasound combination CEUS is higher than CT or MRI.

Objective To summarize the ultrasonographic manifestation of the benign lymphoepithelial disease of salivary gland, in order to enhance the accuracy of ultrasound diagnosis .Methods The ultrasonographic images of 21 cases ( 40 lesions ) from January 2009 to May 2015 in People′s Hospital of Sichuan Hospital were retrospectively analyzed and compared with pathological findings.Results The ultrasonographic manifestations of the benign lymphoepithelial disease of salivary gland were classified into 4 types:(1)Increased diffuse type,6(15.0%) were in submandibular gland,ultrasound showed submaxillary gland enlargement, heterogeneous internal echo of the glands;pathology revealed lesions start from the centrilobular of the lobules,lymphocyte infiltration in the acinus,less lymph follicles,more normal glandular structures.(2)Multiple nodules type,22(55%),ultrasound showed bilateral glands inhomogeneous echo, glands within the multiple oval or irregular hypoechoic nodules,pathology showed that lesions start from the centrilobular of the lymph follicles, developed increasingly, enlarged gradually, normal glandular structures reduced,the acinar lesions parts were destroyed and were replaced by intensive lymphocytes and histiocytes, lymphoid follicles and lymphocyte widely existed in epithelial myoepithelial island.( 3 ) Mass type, 6 (15.0%) ,ultrasound showed single or multiple masses,the masses were low echo or mixed echo;pathology showed lymphocytic infiltration, alveolar destruction, as a substitute for lymphocytes and tissue cells, and formed a solid epithelial clumps.In addition,intralobular duct expanded to be cyst cavity.(4) Sclerotic and atrophic type,6(15.0%),ultrasound showed the entire gland volume reduced,internal echo enhancement, uneven echo, and visible bands of strong echo;pathology showed glands were infiltrated by diffused lymphocyte,acinus almost disappeared, remnants of the gland ducts and myoepithelial island were visible sometimes.Conclusion The different types of the benign lymphoepithelial disease of salivary gland are related to the pathological changes.We can enhance the accuracy of ultrasonic diagnosis through grasping the&nbsp;ultrasonography findings and pathologic changes of different kinds of benign lymphoepithelial disease of salivary gland.

Objective To explore the value of conventional and contrast‐enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in the diagnosis of tumors in front of the orbit equator . Methods Clinical data included conventional ultrasound and CEUS image of 133 cases (156 eyes) with orbital lesions were analyzed retrospectively . All lesions were confirmed by surgical pathology or clinical cure ,which included 26 cases of cystic lesions (epidermoid cysts ,dermoid cysts ,sebaceous cysts and mucous cysts) ,29 cases (30 eyes) of orbital hemangioma ,13 cases ( 16 eyes ) of inflammatory pseudotumor ,11 cases of lacrimal gland pleomorphic adenoma ,3 cases (5 eyes) of lymphoepithelial lesion ,36 cases (53 eyes) of malignant lymphoma ,5 cases of meibomian gland carcinoma ,4 cases of lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma ,3 cases of malignant melanoma and 3 cases of basal cell carcinoma . Results CEUS of benign cystic lesions showed the tumors were enhanced inhomogenously . Most CEUS of benign tumours displayed?slow in and slow out" ,and high enhancement when reached the peak but the size of images had no change . While CEUS of malignant tumours showed?fast in and fast out" ,homogeneous or inhomogeneous high enhancement and ill‐defined or irregular shape ,and volume increased compared to two‐dimensional ultrasound when reached the peak .Some other former district orbital lesions ,such as cystic lesion ,cavernous hemangioma ,pleomorphic adenoma and malignant lymphoma ,had their own ultrasound features . Conclusions CEUS combines with conventional ultrasound may contribute to the qualitative diagnosis of tumors in front of the orbit equator .

超声弹性成像技术是一项新的超声技术，其发展和推广应用需要长期、大量的临床研究。本文从超声弹性成像的原理、发展、分类、运用于肾脏的理论依据、不同种类弹性成像在移植肾中的应用及现阶段弹性成像的影响因素方面进行综述，希望促进超声弹性成像技术在移植肾方面的应用。

目的 探讨腮腺及颌下腺多形性腺瘤(PA)常规超声及超声造影表现的异同,旨在提高超声诊断的准确度.方法 回顾性分析98例涎腺PA的二维超声、彩色多普勒及超声造影声像图表现.结果 (1) PA二维超声表现的形态、内部回声、有无液化特征,腮腺及颌下腺间比较有统计学意义(P＜0.05),边界、内部钙化、A/T两组间比较无明显差别(P＞0.05);(2) PA Alder血流分级多显示为Ⅰ、Ⅱ级血流信号,两组间比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05);(3)PA超声造影多表现为慢进、向心性增强、非均匀性增强、增强后边界清楚,上述特征两组间比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但颌下腺PA多有不连续环状增强、多数没有无增强区且增强强度大于腮腺PA,两组间比较有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 腮腺及颌下腺PA超声表现不尽相同,超声造影为临床医师提供了更多的影像学信息.

目的:了解教职工健康状况及其影响因素分析.方法:对1 086名教职工的B超、生化、血压、空腹血糖等检查结果进行分析.结果:男性教职工高血脂、脂肪肝及高血压的发病率明显高于女性教职工,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).B超检出的前5种疾病依次为脂肪肝(27.72％)、胆结石(4.88％)、肝囊肿(4.33％)、胆囊息肉(3.13％)、肝血管瘤(2.39％);脂肪肝的检出率男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(x2=36.003,P ＜0.05).结论:高校教职员工慢性疾病发病率较高,员工须提高自我健康管理意识,改变不良生活方式,积极早期预防和治疗慢性疾病进而提高生活质量.

目的:探讨浆细胞性乳腺炎的超声表现,总结临床诊断经验。方法:总结2010年1月至2012年12月医院收治的浆细胞性乳腺炎33例的超声表现,观察病灶边界、形态、包膜、内回声、衰减、钙化、淋巴结,测量其血流频谱。结果:33例超声表现为实性肿块18例,病灶形态不规则,边界不清,未见明显包膜,呈不均质低回声;囊肿型7例,表现为单个或多个大小不一的无回声区,病变边界不清晰,病变壁较厚,内可见点状回声;单纯导管扩张5例,表现为导管扩张,管腔内可见极低回声甚至无回声,且病变部位以右侧多见;囊实混合肿块3例,表现为乳腺内混合回声团,形态不规则的无回声区可见呈团状或絮状的高回声,病变与周边乳腺组织分界不清晰。20例见丰富的血流信号,13例血流信号稀少。结论:浆细胞性乳腺炎超声表现各异,结合患者临床表现及其超声表现,可提高其临床诊断。

目的:了解学校教职工健康体检中腹部B超检查结果及其意义.方法:对986名教职工的肝、胆、胰、脾、肾B超检查结果进行分析.结果:986例B超检查中,异常的总检出率为43.91％；检出的前5种疾病依次为脂肪肝(28.80％)、胆结石(3.96％)、肝囊肿(3.45％)、肝血管瘤(2.23％)、胆囊患肉(2.13％).脂肪肝的检出率男性为18.86％,女性为9.94％,男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),且随年龄增长而升高.结论:教职工中的肝胆疾病应引起重视,同时,B超检查能及时发现无症状的疾病,为早期诊断和治疗提供依据.

目的观察雷贝拉唑、莫沙必利和铝镁加联合治疗反流性食管炎的临床疗效。方法将46例反流性食管炎患者随机分为对照组(23例)和观察组(23例),对照组予口服雷贝拉唑、莫沙必利治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上加服铝镁加混悬液15ml,3次/d,于治疗4周后复查胃镜,观察镜下治愈率。结果对照组总有效率为91.3%,观察组总有效率为78.3%,差异具有统计学意义,(P<0.05)。结论联合应用雷贝拉唑、莫沙必利和铝镁加能提高反流性食管炎的治疗效果,值得临床推广。

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of almagate suspension combined with mosapride on bile reflux gatritis patients.Method:62 cases with bile reflux gastritis were randomly divided into two groups.Mosapride 5mg combined with almagate suspension 15ml three times a day for four weeks was given to 31patients in the observation group.Mosapride 5mg three times a day for four weeks was given to 31patients in the control group.Endoscopic examination was examined after 4-week treatment.Results:The efficient rates of the observation group and the control group were 90.3% and 74.2% respectively,there were significant differences between them(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of almagate suspension and mosapride turns out to be effective in the treatment of bile reflux gatritis.

目的 总结分析小儿食管异物诊治的临床经验,以提高我们对小儿消化道异物的诊治水平.方法 对2005年1月～2009年11月本院收治的62例小儿食管异物患儿诊治情况进行回顾性分析.结果 异物经胃镜检查取出58例,取出失败2例,自然排出2例,无1例并发症.结论 对于小儿消化道异物,要及时诊断,对于较小的异物可观察待其自然排出,对于较大的异物要在患儿全身麻醉下,用电子胃镜及时取出,减少并发症.

Objective To evaluate the methods and efficacy of balloon dilatation patients with anastomotic stenosis postoperative esophageal cardiac carcinoma.Methods From 2002 to 2008,45 patients of esophageal anastomotic stenosis who were confirmed by barium meal and the clinical,had been dilatated,followed up a survey by gastroduodenal endoscopy and esophageal barium radiography as well as their symptoms were investigated periodically.Results The dysphagia symptoms were alleviated in all of 45 patients,the successful ratio of ball dilatation was 100%,and there was no complication of digestive tract massive hemorrhage and perforation after the dilatation.The rate of remission of dysphagia symptoms was 88.9% after three months.Conclusion The method is simple,safe and reliable,the effect is satisfied.

Background: Besides its well-known anticoagulant action, heparin also has anti-inflammatory effect. However, the mechanism responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect is not yet fully elucidated. Aims: To observe the effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on mRNA and protein expressions of Syndecan-1 (Sdc-1) and mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β in colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice, and to define the mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect. Methods: Fifty-four C57BL/6 mice were divided into normal control group, model group and treatment group. Mice were fed with 3% DSS solution for 5 days followed by distilled water for 2 weeks to induce the colitis model which progressed from acute to chronic inflammation. Mice in treatment group were given LMWH by subcutaneous injection. The mice were killed on 5th, 12th and 19th day, and the colonic histopathological score was evaluated. The mRNA expressions of Sdc-1 and IL-1β in colonic mucosa were assessed by RT-PCR. The protein expression of Sdc-1 in colonic mucosa was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results: Compared with the normal control group, the colonic histopathological score and mRNA expression of IL-1β at various time points were significantly increased (P<0.05), while mRNA and protein expressions of Sdc-1 were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in model group. After treatment with LMWH, all the above-mentioned indices were significantly ameliorated. Conclusions: In the process of acute colitis progressing to chronic stage induced by DSS in mice, LMWH has an anti-inflammatory effect, which may be due to the down-regulation of expression of IL-1β. The administration of LMWH can reduce intestinal mucosal injury, and may replace the lost Sdc-1 from cell surface, thus speeding up the restoration process and promoting healing of colitis.

目的 探讨川北地区青年人胃癌的临床和病理特点.方法 回顾性分析我院2000年1月～2008年12月期间经胃镜检查,上消化道钡餐造影,并经病理或开腹手术确诊的96例青年人胃癌的临床表现、镜下形态及病理分型.结果 川北地区青年人胃癌组织病理学以低分化腺癌(30例,31.3%)和黏液细胞癌(25例,26.0%)多见,临床分期以Borramnn分型Ⅱ、Ⅲ多见(共69例,71.9%).结论 青年胃癌恶性程度高,早期诊断率低,误诊率高,预后差,且女性发病率高于男性,早期诊断及治疗很重要.

目的:探讨Syndecan-1在葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)诱导的小鼠结肠炎中的表达及其在肠道炎症中的作用.方法:54只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为正常对照组和模型组,每组27只.模型组自由饮用3%DSS溶液,5 d后改饮用蒸馏水2、vk,建立急性结肠炎慢性化模型.正常对照组饮用蒸馏水19 d.于实验第5、12、19天分别处死2组各9只小鼠.HE染色评价小鼠结肠组织学改变:RT-PCR检测小鼠肠黏膜Sdc-1 mRNA及IL-8mRNA表达:免疫组织化学检测小鼠肠黏膜Sdc-1蛋白的表达.结果:第5、12、19天模型组小鼠结肠组织学评分均高于对照组(2.17±1.03、2.60±1.73、1.18±0.75 vs 0.04±0.13,均p<0.05);模型组小鼠肠黏膜Sdc-l mRNA表达水平均明显低于对照组(1.58±0.13、1.39±0.17、1.78±0.08 vs2.12±0.03,均P<0.05);模型组小鼠肠黏膜细胞表面Sdc-1蛋白水平均明显低于对照组(1.59±0.12、1.43±0.12、1.81±0.10 vs 2.20±0.04.均P<0.01);模型组小鼠结肠黏膜IL-8 mRNA表达评分均高于对照组(1.20±0.15、1.53±0.05、1.65±0.04 VS 1.02±0.08,均P<0.01).结论:小鼠结肠炎症的严重程度可能与肠黏膜Sdc-1 mRNA及蛋白表达水平减低均有关,而肠黏膜Sdc-1mRNA及蛋白表达水平减低可能与肠黏膜IL-8水平增高有关.

Objective To explore the expression of syndecan-1(Sdc-1)in dextran sodium sulphate(DSS)-induced mice colitis model,and to investigate the role of sdc-1 in mice colitis.Methods 54 C57BL/6 mice were divided into control group and DSS group.In model group,mice were fed with 5 % DSS solution ad libitum for 10 days to induce an acute colitis model.In the control group,mice were only fed with distilled water.The mice were killed separately on the 4th,7th and 10th day.Then the colonic histologic changes were observed and scored by light microscopy,and the expression of syndecan-1 in colonic tissues at mRNA and protein levels was respectively determined by reverse transcriptase polymerasechain reaction(RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry.Results The histological score in model groups was significantly higher than that in control group(p0.01),and the highest score was on the 7th day(3.05±1.65)after colitis model construction.Both the expression of colonic Sdc-1 mRNA and sdc-1 protein in model group were all significantly lower than that in control group(p0.01),and the lowest score was on the 7th day,respectively.Conclusions The severity of colitis was relevant to the reduction of Sdc-1 protein level and Sdc-1 mRNA level of mice colon.Sdc-1 might be used as a marker for the diagnosis,treatment and disease monitoring of colitis.