In this article we address the relevance of rare diseases and their peculiarities with respect to pain therapy. Towards this end, four rare diseases (hemophilia, Morbus Fabry, dermatomyositis, and facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD)) will be presented and fundamental aspects of their pain therapies described. The diseases were chosen to showcase a pain therapy based on the WHO-step-by-step plan (hemophilia), a complex but established pain therapy (M. Fabry), and two less well established, individually adapted pain therapies (dermatomyositis, FSHD).

Osteoporosis is a very common disease all over the world, in which a reduction in bone density can lead to an increased risk of fractures and a diminished physical height. Osteoporosis is also associated with acute and chronic pain, which especially occurs in the back and can significantly reduce the quality of life. To provide sufficient care for affected patients, it is essential to know the particularities of pain management in osteoporosis, such as pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment options. This article gives a comprehensive review of pain management in osteoporosis and also explains the underlying pathomechanisms, risk factors, and diagnostic procedures.

In diesem Artikel soll die Relevanz seltener Erkrankungen mit ihren schmerztherapeutischen Besonderheiten verdeutlicht werden. Dazu werden vier seltene Erkrankungen, (Hämophilie, Morbus Fabry, Dermatomyositis und fazioskapulohumerale Muskeldystrophie [FSHD]) exemplarisch vorgestellt und grundlegende Aspekte der jeweils anzuwendenden Schmerztherapien erläutert. Die Erkrankungen wurden so gewählt, dass beispielhaft eine Schmerztherapie entsprechend einem adaptierten WHO-Stufenschema (Hämophilie), eine sehr komplexe, aber relativ gut etablierte Schmerztherapie (M. Fabry) und zwei weniger etablierte Schmerztherapien nach sehr individuellen Schemata vorgestellt werden (Dermatomyositis, FSHD).